Wellcome Open Research

Earlier menopause is associated with increased risks of type 2 diabetes, osteoporosis, heart disease, depression, and mortality. Although menopause is typically defined as the absence of menstruation for 12 consecutive months, deriving age …

Hysterectomy, removal of the uterus, is a commonly performed surgery for gynaecological morbidities. Emerging evidence indicates that hysterectomy performed before age 45 (early hysterectomy), is associated with considerable risks to women’…

BackgroundThe intersection of menstrual and mental health is an under-researched area which is gaining attention from the public, researchers and clinicians. However, there may be unintended risks associated with this increased attention. H…

BackgroundBorn in Bradford (BiB) is a family cohort study with linked routine health records. We calculated the rates of common health conditions and explored differences between White European and South Asian participants.Methods21 health …

Problematic menstrual cycle features, including irregular periods, severe pain, heavy bleeding, absence of periods, frequent or infrequent cycles, and premenstrual symptoms, are experienced by high proportions of females and can have substa…