Frontiers in oncology

OBJECTIVE: To develop and validate a diagnostic nomogram model for predicting atypical endometrial hyperplasia (AEH) and endometrial carcinoma (EC) in women aged 40-60 years with abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB), incorporating detailed bleed…

OBJECTIVE: Accurately predicting metastatic cancer to the adnexa, stage I and advanced ovarian cancer before surgery is crucial. The ADNEX model, based on ultrasound, is currently the only prediction model that can differentiate between the…

Breast cancer (BC) stands as the predominant form of cancer affecting women globally, with its etiology rooted in a complex interplay of factors. Emerging research underscores the significant impact of microbiota on the development of BC. E…

BACKGROUND: Peritoneal malignancies (PM) represent a group of highly heterogeneous tumors associated with poor prognosis and limited effective treatment options. Recent studies have demonstrated significant progress in understanding the tum…

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to identify tumor-derived DNA in Papanicolaou (Pap) smears and plasma specimens from patients with endometrial cancer or endometrial intraepithelial neoplasia (EC/EIN). METHODS: Tumor tissue, peripheral blood, a…

Primary peritoneal serous borderline tumor (PPSBT) is a rare, low-malignant-potential neoplasm arising from the peritoneum, diagnosed only after excluding ovarian involvement. While typically discovered incidentally during surgery, it often…

Ectopic pancreas (EP) is most commonly located in the upper gastrointestinal tract, particularly in the stomach. Malignant transformation of EP is exceptionally rare, and due to its very low incidence, the response to drug therapy and overa…

BACKGROUND: Epidermal cysts are benign subcutaneous masses resulting from the implantation of epithelial cells, following trauma or surgery. Giant spontaneous epidermal cysts of the labia minora are rare. To date, only 3 cases of epidermal …

Cervical and ovarian cancers pose a significant global threat to women's health. Despite substantial medical advances in recent decades, gynecological malignancies remain a leading cause of female mortality, constrained by factors such as m…

BACKGROUND: Surgery is the primary treatment for Endometrial Stromal Sarcoma (ESS), however, a substantial proportion of patients with ESS experience recurrence or metastasis. Currently, surgery and local ablation are the main treatments fo…

BACKGROUND: Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) currently lacks highly specific biomarkers for clinical screening. This study aimed to identify and validate novel auxiliary diagnostic markers for EOC. METHODS: Through integrated analysis of tr…

BACKGROUND: Ovarian seromucinous tumors represent a rare subclass of ovarian neoplasms. While the majority of these tumors are benign, the potential for malignant transformation persists and should be considered. To enhance patient outcome …

BACKGROUND: Low-grade endometrial stromal sarcoma (LG-ESS) is a rare malignant tumor of the female reproductive system with atypical clinical symptoms and slow progression. CASE: A 44-year-old female with a history of intermittent severe d…

BACKGROUND: Meigs syndrome is characterized by the association of a benign ovarian tumor, typically an ovarian fibroma, with pleural effusion and ascites. CASE SUMMARY: This report presents a case of a 54-year-old woman who was misdiagnose…

BACKGROUND: Gastric-type endocervical adenocarcinoma (G-EAC) is a rare and aggressive subtype of cervical cancer which is not associated with human papillomavirus (HPV) infection but has poor prognosis because of its high invasiveness and r…

INTRODUCTION: The nuclear receptor TR4 binding protein, TRA16, has been implicated in lung carcinogenesis; however, its broader role across diverse human cancers remains poorly understood. Understanding TRA16's involvement in cancer biology…

Early screening and diagnosis, precise treatment and prognosis prediction are pivotal for enhancing cancer patients' survival rates and for improving their life quality, it is the same case in gynecological malignancies. Among gynecological…

OBJECTIVE: This study aims to evaluate the risk factors of residual/recurrent lesions of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia 2/3 (CIN2/3) in patients who underwent cold-knife conization (CKC). METHODS: A total of 976 patients with CIN2/3 wh…

INTRODUCTION: This study aimed to elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying cervical precancerous lesions by employing bioinformatic approaches to identify key genes and signaling pathways. METHODS: A comprehensive strategy was adopted…

Simulation approach involves the use of computers and mathematical models to simulate real systems for experimentation or tests that evaluate the behavior and performance of a system or predict the results of various hypothetical scenarios.…

Gastric cancer (GC) remains the foremost contributor to global cancer mortality, largely attributable to metastatic dissemination and therapeutic refractoriness. Emerging data implicate the Wnt/β-catenin signaling cascade as a pivotal regul…

BACKGROUND: The immune system is of paramount importance in maintaining human health and defending against pathogens. Among them, the adaptive immune system is a crucial component of the immune system, as it is responsible for generating an…

The overactivation of NRF2 (Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2) in female malignancies is an emerging field of study with significant implications for treatment efficacy. NRF2 plays a pivotal role in managing inflammation-induced o…

The NLRP3 inflammasome is a multi-subunit complex consisting of the NLRP3 receptor protein, apoptosis-associated speck-like protein (ASC), and the effector protein caspase-1. The activation mechanisms of the NLRP3 inflammasome are diverse a…

OBJECTIVES: To comprehensively describe MRI characteristics of serous endometrial carcinoma (SEC) and distinguish SEC from endometrioid endometrial carcinoma (EEC). METHODS: We retrospectively recruited 62 patients from a tertiary center w…