American family physician

Primary dysmenorrhea is menstrual pain that is not associated with pelvis pathology. It usually begins with the onset of ovulatory cycles, characteristically appearing in the year after menarche and increasing with time. The pain is associa…

Infertility may be caused by gross pelvic pathology, difficulties with insemination of the cervix and uterine cavity, partial or complete occlusion of the fallopian tubes, female endocrine abnormalities or male factors. Some forms of pelvic…

Laparoscopy is an operation in which a fiberoptic telescope and accessory instruments are inserted through the anterior abdominal wall into the peritoneal cavity. It is valuable in the search for causes of female infertility menstrual disor…