BACKGROUND: Given that primary prevention strategies for ovarian cancer, such as surgery and medications, have inherent risks, identifying those at high risk of lethal ovarian cancer is critical. We examined prediagnosis factors and risk of…
BACKGROUND: Atrial fibrillation (AF) and ovarian cancer are leading causes of morbidity, with emerging evidence suggesting potential interplay. However, their temporal and genetic relationships remain unclear. METHODS: We analyzed 265,248 …
BACKGROUND: Parity and breastfeeding are associated with systemic changes in maternal inflammation and reduced risk of ovarian cancer, but little is known about their impact on the ovarian tumor immune microenvironment. METHODS: We evaluat…
BACKGROUND: Serum miRNAs are potential biomarkers for ovarian cancer; however, many factors may influence miRNA expression. To understand potential confounders in miRNA analysis, we examined how sociodemographic factors and comorbidities, i…
BACKGROUND: Ovarian high-grade serous carcinomas (HGSC) comprise four distinct molecular subtypes based on mRNA expression patterns, with differential survival. Understanding risk factor associations is important to elucidate the etiology o…
BACKGROUND: Fibroids and endometriosis are sex hormone-mediated and exhibit cancer-like behavior. Breast cancer may be more common in women who have had these conditions, but the literature is conflicting and does not always address factors…
BACKGROUND: There has been limited prior research on the association between infertility and risk of colorectal cancer. METHODS: Data from postmenopausal women in the Women's Health Initiative were used to estimate the association between …
BACKGROUND: Several studies have suggested an association between infertility and risk of endometrial cancer. However, most studies have evaluated this relationship in premenopausal people, yet the mean age of endometrial cancer is 60 years…
BACKGROUND: Cigarette smoke exposure has been linked to systemic immune dysfunction, including for B-cell and immunoglobulin (Ig) production, and poor outcomes in patients with ovarian cancer. No study has evaluated the impact of smoke expo…
BACKGROUND: Women with an inherited pathogenic variant in BRCA1 or BRCA2 have a greatly increased risk of developing ovarian cancer, but the importance of behavioral factors is less clear. We used a case-only design to compare the magnitude…
BACKGROUND: Cancers of ductal origin often express glycoprotein mucin 1 (MUC1), also known as CA15.3, with higher levels leading to poor prognosis. Conversely, anti-MUC1 antibodies develop in some patients, leading to better prognosis. We s…
BACKGROUND: Although folate intake has not been associated with an increased risk of ovarian cancer overall, studies of other cancer types have suggested that high folate intake may promote carcinogenesis in precancerous lesions. Women with…
BACKGROUND: One of the mechanisms of ovarian tumorigenesis is through inflammation. Kidney dysfunction is associated with increased inflammation; thus, we assessed its relationship with ovarian cancer risk. METHODS: In prospectively collec…
BACKGROUND: We investigated the associations of oral contraceptives (OC) with percent breast density (PD), absolute dense area (DA), nondense area (NDA), and a novel image intensity variation (V) measure in premenopausal women. METHODS: Th…
BACKGROUND: Cancer is the leading cause of death in Asian Americans (AA), the fastest-growing U.S. population group. Despite heterogeneity in socioeconomic status and health behaviors by ethnicity, few studies have assessed cancer outcomes …
BACKGROUND: Ovarian clear cell carcinoma (OCCC) is a rare ovarian cancer histotype that tends to be resistant to standard platinum-based chemotherapeutics. We sought to better understand the role of DNA methylation in clinical and biologica…
BACKGROUND: There is suggestive evidence that inflammation is related to ovarian cancer survival. However, more research is needed to identify inflammation-related factors that are associated with ovarian cancer survival and to determine th…
BACKGROUND: The objectives of this study were (i) to explore whether differences in cell proliferation may help explain why most high-grade serous ovarian cancers (HGSOC) arise in the fallopian tube fimbriae (FTF) rather than in ovarian cor…
BACKGROUND: Bilateral oophorectomy during a nonmalignant hysterectomy is frequently performed for ovarian cancer prevention in premenopausal women. Oophorectomy before menopause leads to an abrupt decline in ovarian hormones that could adve…
Cigarette smoking is a known cause of many cancers, yet epidemiologic studies have found protective associations with the risk of four "estrogen-related" malignancies: endometrial cancer, endometrioid and clear cell ovarian cancers, and thy…
BACKGROUND: Chronic inflammation is a well-established mechanism of ovarian carcinogenesis; however, the specific immunogenic processes influencing ovarian tumor development remain unclear. In a case-control study nested within the Nurses' …
BACKGROUND: Combined oral contraceptive use is associated with a decreased risk of invasive epithelial ovarian cancer (ovarian cancer). There is suggestive evidence of an inverse association between progestin-only contraceptive use and ovar…
BACKGROUND: Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is associated with higher risk of certain chronic diseases, including ovarian cancer, but underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Although prior work has linked menopausal hormone therapy (MHT)…
BACKGROUND: Differential associations between ovarian cancer risk factors and estrogen receptor-α (ERα) ovarian tumor expression have been noted; however, no research has assessed estrogen receptor-β (ERβ) expression. Thus, in exploratory a…
BACKGROUND: Epithelial ovarian, fallopian tube, and primary peritoneal cancers have shared developmental pathways. Few studies have prospectively examined heterogeneity in risk factor associations across these three anatomic sites. METHODS…