International journal of molecular sciences

We investigated five single-nucleotide variants (SNVs) of the FN1 gene in female reproductive organ cancers. The proteins expressed by this gene are essential components of the extracellular matrix (ECM) that constitutes the tumor microenvi…

Gynecological diseases-encompassing polycystic ovary syndrome, endometriosis, infertility, and malignancies-represent a significant global health burden affecting women's quality of life, reproductive capacity, and long-term health outcomes…

Histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6), a member of the class IIb HDAC family, plays a crucial role in epigenetic regulation and cytoskeletal dynamics, while participating in host anti-infective immune responses. However, its precise functions and m…

Adenomyosis is a benign gynaecological disorder in which endometrial glands and stroma enter the uterine myometrium with varying degrees of spreading. To analyse the presence of developmentally displaced endometrial glands and stroma in the…

Neuroimmune dysregulation and altered pro- and anti-inflammatory signaling have been implicated in selected phenotypes of depressive and anxiety disorders. Interleukin-37 (IL-37), a member of the IL-1 family, exerts anti-inflammatory effect…

Endometriosis affects a large number of women of reproductive age, and its pathogenesis is still unclear. It causes severe chronic pelvic pain, which is often misdiagnosed as irritable bowel syndrome, or other disorders. Metabolomics and tr…

Gastric cancer (GC), also known as stomach adenocarcinoma (STAD), remains a highly lethal malignancy due to late diagnosis, limited therapeutic efficacy, and frequent metastasis. Although extensive molecular profiling has been performed, po…

Gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor (GnRHR) agonists are widely used therapeutically, yet their adverse event profile remains insufficiently characterized. We developed a machine-learning model using Tox21 GnRHR agonist activity data an…

Oxidative stress is a fundamental mechanism that impacts reproductive function by altering gamete quality, fertilisation, and the initial development of embryos. Excessive reactive oxygen species lead to the oxidation of polyunsaturated fat…

Progesterone receptor (PR) regulates gene expression through recruiting coregulators and general transcription factors by activation functions AF1 and AF2. AF1 localizes to the non-conserved and disordered N-terminal domain and is believed …

Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) remains one of the most lethal gynecologic malignancies, largely owing to advanced-stage presentation, high rates of relapse, and the eventual emergence of therapeutic resistance. Despite the transformative s…

Endometrial and cervical cancers can recur from subclinical disease not evident on routine surveillance. This narrative review critically evaluates liquid biopsy for minimal residual disease (MRD) assessment and recurrence monitoring. Post-…

Evidence indicates that seminal plasma (SP) has pregnancy-favorable biological effects, but there is no definitive proof that exposure to SP increases pregnancy rates in assisted reproductive techniques. We previously showed that this discr…

Maternal nutrition and gut microbiome composition are central regulators of fetal development and perinatal outcomes, modulating immune signaling, oxidative balance, and epigenetic programming. The authors searched PubMed, Scopus, the Cochr…

Preimplantation embryo development requires a tightly regulated microenvironment that is not fully reproduced by conventional static culture. We developed a polydimethylsiloxane-based microfluidic embryo co-culture platform integrating comp…

Ovarian cancer is a major cause of gynecological cancer mortality, frequently associated with platinum-resistant recurrences. Given the limited efficacy of conventional chemotherapy in this setting, alternative targeted therapeutics are nee…

Protease-activated receptor 2 (PAR2) is a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) expressed in both the peripheral and central nervous systems. It plays a pivotal role in mediating neuroimmune interactions, particularly in the context of inflamma…

Ovarian endometriosis (OE) is a chronic, inflammatory gynecological disorder associated with sterility and an elevated risk of ovarian cancer. Despite its high prevalence, the complex molecular mechanisms governing OE pathogenesis remain po…

Human fertility is declining across industrialised populations, while the incidence of hormone-dependent reproductive cancers rises. Endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) and structurally related emerging pollutants are implicated in both. …

Systemic lupus erythematosus is an autoimmune disease that mainly affects women of reproductive age. Its pathological manifestations directly and indirectly negatively affect the ovarian reserve, the quality of oocytes, and the precise mech…

Endometriosis (EM) is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by the growth of endometrial-like tissue outside the uterus, yet its molecular mechanisms remain poorly understood. This study investigated the expression of mucins (MUC1, M…

The global rise in cognitive decline and neurodegenerative disorders has intensified the search for safe and accessible strategies to support brain health. In recent years, nutraceuticals have gained considerable attention as potential modu…

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder characterized by chronic low-grade inflammation. The NLRP3 inflammasome has been implicated in various inflammatory conditions, but its role in PCOS remains unclear. This study…

In pigs, the establishment of pregnancy depends on tightly coordinated molecular interactions between the conceptus and the maternal endometrium during the peri-implantation period. Adipokines, peptide hormones produced by adipose tissue, f…