Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania)

Background and Objectives: Robotic-assisted tubal reanastomosis (RATR) remains a clinically relevant option for selected women seeking fertility after sterilization. In the era of IVF, surgical reversal continues to be discussed because it …

Background and Objectives: The fact that men are at a higher risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) compared to women, regardless of concomitant risk factors, draws attention to the potential role of sex hormones in cardiovascular health. Hor…

Background: Selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) are widely used for postmenopausal osteoporosis, yet whether treatment response attenuates with aging in routine practice remains unclear. We examined age- and site-specific respons…

Importance: Most couples who turn to assisted reproductive technology (ART) treatment do so, usually, after giving up emotionally on the chances of conceiving naturally. Others undergo ovulation induction with intrauterine insemination (IUI…

Background and Objectives: Superficial peritoneal endometriosis (SPE) remains one of the most difficult endometriosis phenotypes to diagnose non-invasively, because lesions are frequently small, multifocal, and poorly detectable using conve…

Background and Objectives: Tubal reanastomosis is an alternative option for women seeking fertility after sterilization. Thus, anastomosis healing quality and peri-tubal adhesions play a crucial role. TISSEEL® fibrin sealant may enhance tis…

Congenital anomalies of the reproductive system represent a heterogeneous group of structural and functional abnormalities affecting both male and female genital organs. These anomalies typically arise during embryogenesis and may remain as…

Obesity is a multifactorial condition that profoundly affects female reproductive health through endocrine, metabolic, and inflammatory mechanisms that disrupt the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis. Women with obesity frequently dev…

Background and Objective: The ultrasound sliding sign dynamically assesses pouch of Douglas (POD) obliteration in suspected endometriosis. Transvaginal (TVS) and transrectal (TRS) ultrasound are used in patients with and without a self-repo…

Background and Objectives: Hysterectomy is one of the most frequently performed gynecological surgical procedures worldwide. It is well established that the laparoscopic approach offers better outcomes for patients compared to abdominal hys…

Background and Objectives: Gender disparities in pain management persist, with women frequently receiving inadequate analgesia despite reporting similar or higher pain levels compared with men. This issue is particularly evident across vari…

Background and Objectives: Endometriosis has been shown to be associated with an increased cancer risk, and apoptosis may be important in the pathophysiology of endometriosis. To date, it remains unclear whether the tissue cell surface apop…

An isolated hydatid cyst of the spleen represents an exceptional pathology, and its association with high CA 19-9 serum levels was not previously reported. This case presents a patient with an isolated hydatid cyst of the spleen, with preop…

Background and Objectives: The use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in the medical field is rapidly expanding. This review aims to explore and summarize all published research on the development and validation of deep learning (DL) models in…

Background and Objectives: The Mediterranean diet is traditionally linked to metabolic balance and improved reproductive health. However, dietary patterns in Mediterranean regions have progressively shifted toward more Westernized models, p…

Background and Objectives: One of the most widely used reversible contraceptive techniques among women of reproductive age worldwide is oral contraceptives (OCPs). Despite their widespread use, OCPs are associated with increased risks of st…

Osteoporosis, the most common bone disorder, profoundly impacts women's health, especially during postmenopausal phases. Characterised by diminished bone mineral density (BMD), it increases the risk of fractures, affecting mobility, quality…

Background and Objectives: Breast lesions of uncertain malignant potential identified on biopsy, known as "B3 lesions," constitute a significant portion of diagnoses in numerous published studies. These lesions are associated with a variabl…

Background and Objectives: NR5A1-related 46,XY differences of sex development (DSD) represent a heterogeneous group of conditions characterized by variable degrees of undervirilization, gonadal dysgenesis, and endocrine dysfunction. Mutatio…

Background and Objectives: Sentinel lymph node (SLN) mapping is an established alternative to systematic lymphadenectomy for early-stage endometrial cancer (EC). While retroperitoneal vNOTES affords direct access to pelvic nodes without abd…

Background and Objectives: Live birth rates in women with diminished ovarian reserve (AMH < 2.0 ng/mL) undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF) remain under 20%. While Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) is often used to treat infertility and supp…

Background and Objectives: Multiple primary malignancies involving endometrial carcinoma (EC) present complex diagnostic and management challenges. This study aimed to identify clinical, pathological, and demographic patterns among patients…

Background and Objectives: Total laparoscopic hysterectomy (TLH) is a commonly performed gynecological procedure. Vaginal cuff closure significantly impacts operative time and outcomes. This study evaluates the newly developed Anchorflow Su…

Background/objectives: Gestational trophoblastic diseases (GTDs) are rare premalignant and malignant conditions characterized by abnormal proliferation of trophoblastic tissue. They are often asymptomatic but may present with vaginal bleedi…

Background and Objectives: Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most prevalent sexually transmitted infection worldwide and, beyond its oncogenic potential, may impair reproductive health in both sexes. This review examines HPV's effects on ma…