Case reports in women's health

Appendiceal endometriosis is a rare form of extragenital endometriosis that can mimic acute appendicitis. This reports presents the case of a 19-year-old woman with no significant medical history who presented with right-sided abdominal pai…

The cyst of the canal of Nuck is a rare developmental disorder of the female inguinal region. It arises from the failure of the obliteration of the peritoneal fold accompanying the round ligament through the inguinal canal. Although predomi…

Intramural pregnancy is a rare and potentially life-threatening form of ectopic pregnancy, often associated with prior uterine surgery. This report describes a case of twin intramural pregnancy following early conception after adenomyomecto…

Fallopian tube carcinoma is frequently detected at an advanced stage, and its imaging findings and tumor marker profiles are often indistinguishable from those of ovarian or peritoneal carcinoma. Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are enviro…

Polypoid endometriosis is a rare benign variant of endometriosis characterized by exuberant mass-forming endometrial tissue that can closely mimic aggressive pelvic malignancy on imaging. Although it most commonly affects peri- or postmenop…

Small bowel herniation through a Caesarean section wound is exceedingly rare and may present with erythema and induration clinically indistinguishable from superficial wound infection, risking dangerous diagnostic delay. A case is reported …

Intramural pregnancy (IMP) is the rarest form of ectopic pregnancy and lacks an established protocol for its definitive diagnosis and treatment. Its diagnosis remains challenging, as clinicians are often unfamiliar with this condition. Earl…

Pelvic masses adjacent to the uterus can be difficult to distinguish from uterine leiomyomas on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and accurate estimation of the organ of origin is important for surgical planning. A 54-year-old perimenopausa…

Uterine artery embolization (UAE) is commonly performed for benign uterine diseases and as a palliative treatment for bleeding associated with gynecologic malignancies. However, its role in suspected early-stage endometrial cancer remains u…

A case is reported of delayed ovarian torsion following controlled ovarian hyperstimulation and uncomplicated oocyte retrieval, further complicated by post-laparoscopic ipsilateral vulvar hematoma. A 37-year-old nulliparous woman with a his…

Uterine rupture is a rare obstetric complication, particularly in women without a prior cesarean delivery. This report describes an intrapartum posterior uterine wall rupture extending into the vagina in a patient with pre-existing endometr…

Cervical endometriosis is a rare benign condition characterized by ectopic endometrial glands and stroma within the cervix. Its clinical and imaging features resemble those of cervical adenocarcinoma, making preoperative diagnosis difficult…

This case report describes the management of fallopian tube cavernous haemangioma discovered at caesarean section, and provides insight to the literature on this extremely rare benign vascular tumor with regard to clinical recognition and m…

Female genital tuberculosis is an important cause of infertility in endemic regions; it most often affects the fallopian tubes and uterine endometrium, though involvement of the ovaries, cervix, and vagina/vulva have also been reported. Thi…

A heterotopic pregnancy is a rare, life-threatening condition in which an intrauterine and ectopic pregnancy occur simultaneously. The incidence of these pregnancies is increasing as the use of assisted reproductive technology and ovulation…

Ovarian vein thrombosis (OVT) is a rare and often underdiagnosed condition, most frequently associated with pregnancy, infection, malignancy, or recent surgery. Idiopathic OVT (i.e. that occurring in the absence of identifiable risk factors…

Intramural pregnancy (IMP) is an extremely rare form of ectopic pregnancy (EP), typically associated with previous uterine trauma, adenomyosis, or assisted reproductive technology (ART), such as embryo transfer (ET). Despite its potentially…

While tubal ectopic pregnancies and molar pregnancies are relatively common, tubal molar pregnancies are exceptionally rare, with an estimated incidence of 1.5 per 1,000,000 pregnancies. Molar pregnancies are at risk for developing malignan…

There is limited data regarding management of vaginal strictures with a concurrent hysterectomy, in all realms, including pre-, intra- and postoperative care. A 44-year-old nulligravid woman with multiple vaginal strictures and clinically s…

Expectant management of ectopic pregnancy employs regular monitoring of serum β-hCG levels until pregnancy testing is negative and the patient is asymptomatic. Although not routinely assessed in clinical practice, physical resolution of ect…

Vulvodynia is a chronic vulvar pain condition that can be challenging to treat and often requires multi-modal interventions for symptom management. Low-dose naltrexone (LDN) is a reversible competitive antagonist at opioid receptors and may…

Progression of a caesarean scar ectopic pregnancy (CSEP) to a live birth is exceptionally rare. Whether the placenta should be removed during a caesarean section for patients with a CSEP complicated by severe placenta accreta spectrum remai…

A case is reported of endometriosis present in several areas of the small intestine, successfully treated by excision using the conservative technique of shaving the intestinal wall. A 30-year-old woman with a 10-year history of pelvic pain…

Peritoneal inclusion cysts (PICs) are mesothelial-lined cystic lesions that usually arise in reproductive-aged women after prior pelvic or abdominal surgery. Their diagnosis is often difficult, as they can mimic ovarian tumors or malignant …