Human Reproduction

STUDY QUESTION: What outcomes should be reported in all studies investigating uterus-sparing interventions for treating uterine adenomyosis? SUMMARY ANSWER: We identified 24 specific and 26 generic core outcomes in nine domains. WHAT IS K…

STUDY QUESTION: Do the spectrum and prevalence of comorbidities of endometriosis and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) overlap? SUMMARY ANSWER: Despite several overlapping symptoms, the most significantly associated comorbidities of endometri…

STUDY QUESTION: Does an estradiol-based combined oral contraceptive (COC) have a milder effect on the serum proteome than an ethinylestradiol (EE)-based COC or dienogest (DNG) only? SUMMARY ANSWER: The changes in serum proteome were multif…

STUDY QUESTION: Is idiopathic reduced ovarian reserve in young women, quantified as low response to ovarian stimulation in ART, associated with a concomitant loss of oocyte quality as determined by risk of pregnancy loss and chance of clini…

STUDY QUESTION: Is interleukin-10 (IL-10) anti-fibrotic in endometriosis? SUMMARY ANSWER: IL-10 is not anti-fibrotic but pro-fibrotic in endometriosis, because IL-10 treatment of endometriotic stromal cells in vitro promotes myofibroblast …

During human evolution, major changes in our societal conditions and environment took place without sufficient time for concomitant genetic alterations, leading to out of step adaptation and diseases in women. We first discuss recent societ…

Abstract Study question Is TSPO expressed in endometriotic lesions and negative in adjacent tissues, being eligible as a molecular target for noninvasive detection of endometriosis? Summary answer TSPO is detected in endometriotic lesions a…

STUDY QUESTION: Is activation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) via interleukin-6 (IL-6) trans-signaling involved in fibrosis of endometriosis? SUMMARY ANSWER: Persistent activation of STAT3 via IL-6 trans-signa…

STUDY QUESTION: Do women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) have a greater risk of adverse pregnancy complications (gestational diabetes, preeclampsia, cesarean section, placental abnormalities) and neonatal outcomes (preterm birth, smal…

STUDY QUESTION: What is the association between endometriosis and adverse pregnancy outcomes with ART use and non-use? SUMMARY ANSWER: Endometriosis and ART use are both associated with increased risk of preterm birth, antepartum haemorrha…

STUDY QUESTION: What is the impact of adenomyosis on the live birth rate (LBR) in women affected by endometriosis women undergoing ART? SUMMARY ANSWER: For women undergoing ART, the presence of adenomyosis at MRI, especially T2 high-signal…

STUDY QUESTION: Is the increased future cardiovascular risk seen in women with endometriosis or polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) mitigated by functional insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF1R) single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs20…

STUDY QUESTION: Is female infertility among women seeking medically assisted reproduction (MAR) associated with prevalent as well as incident multiple sclerosis (MS)? SUMMARY ANSWER: Women with a record of female infertility did not have a…

STUDY QUESTION: How is the localisation of ovarian follicles affected by ageing and chronic diseases? SUMMARY ANSWER: Ovarian follicles shift deeper towards the medulla, due to thickening of the tunica albuginea (TA), with ageing and some …

STUDY QUESTION: Is there a relationship between serum and endometrial progesterone (P4) levels, including P4 and metabolites (oestrone, oestradiol and 17α-hydroxyprogesterone), and endometrial receptivity? SUMMARY ANSWER: Serum P4 levels w…

STUDY QUESTION: Is there any change in the distribution of microvilli and microtubules in the apical endometria of women with adenomyosis? SUMMARY ANSWER: We observed microvilli damage in the apical endometria and an axonemal alteration ch…

Endometriosis is a heterogeneous disease in terms of patient symptoms, treatment responsiveness and the presentation of endometriotic lesions. This article explores the histological features of endometriotic lesions, highlighting their some…

STUDY QUESTION: Does unilateral oophorectomy modify the relationship between serum anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) levels and antral follicle count (AFC)? SUMMARY ANSWER: No altered 'per-ovary' and 'per-follicle' AMH production and antral fol…

STUDY QUESTION: What is the global variability in recurrent implantation failure (RIF) definition, investigation and therapy, currently offered to patients undergoing IVF? SUMAMRY ANSWER: Definitions, diagnostic investigations and treatmen…

STUDY QUESTION: Do the outcomes and use of ART differ between women with and without endometriosis? SUMMARY ANSWER: ART use and outcome do not appear to differ for women with and without endometriosis, as long as endometriosis is diagnosed…

STUDY QUESTION: What is the relationship between specific quality of life domains and depression, anxiety and stress in the endometriosis population? SUMMARY ANSWER: Psychosocial domains of quality of life, such as a perception of social s…

STUDY QUESTION: Is there a difference in the growth and vascularization between murine endometriotic lesions originating from menstrual or non-menstrual endometrial fragments? SUMMARY ANSWER: Endometriotic lesions developing from menstrual…

STUDY QUESTION: Do IVF, IUI or female infertility (i.e. endometriosis, polycystic ovary syndrome [PCOS] and primary ovarian insufficiency [POI]) lead to an increased risk of congenital anomalies in singletons? SUMMARY ANSWER: After multiva…