Journal of medical case reports

BACKGROUND: Endosalpingiosis is a rare benign condition characterized by the ectopic presence of ciliated tub epithelium outside the fallopian tubes, often found in the ovaries, uterus, and other pelvic structures. CASE PRESENTATION: This …

BACKGROUND: Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) and familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia (FHH) are key differential diagnoses in parathyroid hormone (PTH)-mediated hypercalcemia. While PHPT often arises from single-gland parathyroid adenomas…

BACKGROUND: Hemorrhagic ascites is a rare manifestation of endometriosis. Here, we present an unusual case in a perimenopausal woman that was successfully managed laparoscopically, and summarize its clinical characteristics to provide guida…

BACKGROUND: Genital tuberculosis affecting prepubertal girls is extremely uncommon, posing a great diagnostic challenge. It is a form of extrapulmonary tuberculosis usually seen in the reproductive age group. It can lead to significant heal…

BACKGROUND: Rosai Dorfman disease is a rare histiocytosis, which is characterized by accumulation of histiocytes in lymph nodes, but also in extranodal locations. Histologically, one of the key features of Rosai Dorfman disease is emperipol…

BACKGROUND: Abdominal pregnancy refers to the implantation of a fertilized egg in the abdominal cavity outside of the uterus, fallopian tubes, and ovaries; splenic pregnancy is a rare type of abdominal pregnancy. CASE PRESENTATION: Our pat…

BACKGROUND: Malignant Brenner tumor (MBT) is a rare ovarian neoplasm with unpredictable behavior, posing significant diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. Current management advocates for risk-adapted strategies, though long-term outcome d…

BACKGROUND: The Sister Mary Joseph's nodule (SMJN) is an umbilical skin metastasis observed in the advanced stages of abdominopelvic malignancies. It is rare and is typically associated with a poor prognosis. The appearance of the skin lesi…

BACKGROUND: Peritoneal defects of the broad ligament of the uterus are uncommon anatomical abnormalities that may be congenital or acquired. Situs inversus totalis is a congenital condition characterized by a complete mirror-image arrangeme…

BACKGROUND: Spontaneous rupture of the uterus during the early weeks of gestation is rare. When it occurs, it is a life-threatening obstetric emergency. Most uterine ruptures happen in scarred uteri and during the late third trimester. This…

BACKGROUND: Fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva (FOP) is an ultra-rare (prevalence ~ 1:2 million), devastating genetic disorder characterized by progressive heterotopic ossification. Crucially, surgical trauma is a potent trigger for cata…

BACKGROUND: Adenomyosis negatively impacts fertility treatment outcomes by lowering clinical pregnancy rates, reducing live birth rates, and increasing miscarriage rates following in vitro fertilization. Hormonal suppression therapy has eme…

BACKGROUND: Thoracic endometriosis syndrome is an uncommon condition defined by the existence of functional endometrial tissue outside of the uterine cavity, specifically in the pleura, lung parenchyma, or airways. We present a case report …

BACKGROUND: Endometriosis is a common gynecologic condition, but extra-pelvic manifestations are rare and often pose significant diagnostic challenges. Thoracic and abdominal endometriosis may present with nonspecific respiratory and abdomi…

BACKGROUND: Undifferentiated endometrial carcinoma is a solid tumor that originates from endometrial epithelial cells, accounting for approximately 9% of endometrial cancers. Undifferentiated endometrial carcinoma exhibits high invasiveness…

BACKGROUND: Endometriosis affects 6-15% of reproductive-aged women, with abdominal wall endometriosis occurring in 1-12% of extrapelvic cases. Cesarean scar endometriosis, the most common abdominal wall endometriosis subtype, arises in 0.03…

BACKGROUND: Adnexal masses represent a prevalent gynecological condition that may affect females of any age, although particularly those of reproductive age. These masses can be classified as either physiological or neoplastic, with the maj…

BACKGROUND: Endometriosis is defined as the presence of functional glands and stroma of the uterus outside its cavity. It affects 10-20% of women of reproductive age. It can form in different parts of the body; the involvement of the urinar…

BACKGROUND: Clear cell carcinoma of the colon is a rare entity in colon malignancy. All of the cases involving primary colon clear cell carcinoma are case studies. Since clear cell component can be seen in colon metastasis, adenocarcinoma, …

BACKGROUND: Uterine leiomyomas (uterine fibroids) are the most common tumors of the uterus. Extrauterine fibroids are rare, with the broad ligament being the most common location. Fibroids are usually asymptomatic. Some common symptoms incl…

BACKGROUND: Heterotaxia is characterized by an abnormal positioning of the thoracic and/or abdominal organs, resulting in various physiological and hemodynamic implications. Congenital heart disease involves structural irregularities in the…

BACKGROUND: High-grade endometrial stromal sarcoma is a rare and aggressive subtype of uterine sarcoma, characterized by a poor prognosis. While typical initial manifestations include gynecological symptoms such as abnormal vaginal bleeding…

BACKGROUND: High-intensity focused ultrasound ablation has emerged as a noninvasive therapeutic option for adenomyosis of the uterus. We studied a female with infertility patient to explore the application of in vitro fertilization combined…

BACKGROUND: Abdominal ectopic pregnancy is a rare form of ectopic pregnancy, and diaphragmatic ectopic pregnancy is even rarer. We described a case of an ectopic pregnancy implanted on the diaphragm's surface, diagnosed using multimodality …

BACKGROUND: Traumatic separation of the cervix from the body of the uterus is exceedingly rare, particularly as a complication of pelvic fractures. This condition often poses significant diagnostic and therapeutic challenges, especially in …