Iranian journal of reproductive medicine

BACKGROUND: Endometriosis, a common chronic inflammatory disorder, is defined by the atypical growth of endometrium- like tissue outside of the uterus. Secretory phospholipase A2 group IIa (sPLA2-IIa) and fatty acid binding protein4 (FABP4)…

BACKGROUND: Vitamin D plays a critical role in the regulation of growth and differentiation of squamous epithelium. The pleiotropic effects of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1,25(OH)2D3], include proliferative, pro-apoptotic, and pro-differentia…

BACKGROUND: The direct effect of hCG on the human endometrium was studied several times. OBJECTIVE: The objectives of this study were to evaluate the effectiveness of intrauterine injection of recombinant human chorionic gonadotropin (rhCG…

BACKGROUND: Recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) is a multifactorial disorder. Environmental factors and genetics can affect pregnancy outcomes. OBJECTIVE: Conflicting data suggest an association between estrogen receptor alpha (ESR1) gene polym…

BACKGROUND: Melatonin, a reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenger and an antioxidant, has been shown that can inhibit apoptosis. Administration of melatonin may improve embryo development in assisted reproductive technology (ART). OBJECTIVE…

BACKGROUND: Primary ovarian pregnancy is one of the rarest forms of ectopic pregnancy having incidence of 1/7000-1/40,000 in live births and 0.5-3% of all ectopic gestations. Intrauterine contraceptive device (IUCD), salpingitis, infertilit…

Malignancies are not rare in girl and women during their reproductive years. Over the past three decades, the survival rate for cancer has been improving due to progress in cancer diagnosis and treatment. These patients frequently experienc…

BACKGROUND: Antinuclear antibodies (ANAs) in women with recurrent miscarriage have been reported. The presence of moderate to high titers of these antibodies represents an autoimmune condition that can endanger the health of the fetus in pr…

BACKGROUND: The largest percentage of failed invitro fertilization (IVF (cycles, are due to lack of implantation. As hereditary thrombophilia can cause in placentation failure, it may have a role in recurrent IVF failure. OBJECTIVE: Aim of…

BACKGROUND: Based on classical two-cell, two-gonadotropin theory, in the follicle, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) put on their main effects on the granulosa and theca cells. LH is essential for androgens pro…

BACKGROUND: Recent studies showed that inappropriate expression of microRNAs (miRNAs) is strongly associated with tumor-related processes in humans (2-9,11-17). OBJECTIVE: To understand the changes of miRNAs in endometriosis. MATERIALS AN…

BACKGROUND: Implantation is considered as the rate-limiting step in success of assisted reproduction techniques, and intrauterine insemination cycles. It might be affected by ovarian superovulation and endometrial local scratching. OBJECTI…

BACKGROUND: Despite extensive progress in IVF techniques, one of the most difficult problems is the variability in the response to controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COH). Recent studies show the effects of individual genetic variability …

BACKGROUND: We often see patients with a thin endometrium in ART cycles, in spite of standard and adjuvant treatments. Improving endometrial growth in patients with a thin endometrium is very difficult. Without adequate endometrial thicknes…

BACKGROUND: Reversal of tubal ligation is requested by some women for various reasons. The present study aims to determine the rate of pregnancy after tubal ligation reversal. CASE: In these case series, we reported fifteen women who reque…

BACKGROUND: Embryo transfer to a developed endometrium is an important prognostic factor in frozen-thawed embryo transfer cycle outcome. Vaginal estrogen, such as Vagifem vaginal tablets and Premarin vaginal cream, is a regimen used for the…

BACKGROUND: The infertility is an important health problem, affecting about 15% of couples. The important role of genetic factors in pathogenesis of infertility is now increasingly recognized. The value of karyotyping women in the routine w…

BACKGROUND: Endometriosis is a common hormone-dependent gynecologic disease with a high recurrence. Laparotomy or laparoscopy is the standard surgery for the large endometrioma. Also, sclerotherapy is basically used to treat different disea…

BACKGROUND: Endometriosis is a female health disorder that occurs when cells from the lining of the uterus grow in other areas of the body. The cause of endometriosis is unknown. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to investigate TP53…

BACKGROUND: Luteal phase support is mandatory in assisted reproductive technologies (ART) for optimizing outcome, so the luteal phase is supported with either progesterone, addition of estradiol to progesterone, hCG or gonadotropin releasin…

BACKGROUND: Endometriosis is a complex estrogen-dependent disease that is defined as the presence of endometrial gland and stroma outside the uterine cavity. Although the exact mechanism for the development of endometriosis remains unclear, …

BACKGROUND: HOXA11 and HOXA10 are expressed in endometrium throughout the menstrual cycle and show a dramatic increase during the mid-luteal phase at the time of implantation. The expression of these genes is decreased in women with myomas.…

BACKGROUND: Galectin-3 (Gal-3), a β-galactoside-binding lectin, is a multifunctional lectin that involves in a number of critical biological processes. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the expression pattern of Gal-3…

BACKGROUND: Routine use of assisted hatching (AH) following ICSI is a controversial issue in the literature. There are rare studies regarding the effect of laser assisted hatching (LAH) on live birth rate. OBJECTIVE: Our main goal was to e…

BACKGROUND: Pelvic inflammatory disease with progression to pelvic abscess is a rare complication after oocyte retrieval during in vitro fertilization cycles. However, in patients with endometriosis the risk appears to be increased. Many au…