International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics

IntroductionTo evaluate the accuracy and completeness of responses across common obstetrical and gynecologic topics generated by the large language models (LLMs) ChatGPT and Google Gemini, which have become increasingly popular for patients…

BackgroundThe United Nations (UN) has a target for universal contraception access by 2030. Youth (aged 15-29) still have limited contraception access and lower usage. A unified understanding of the barriers youth face in high-income countri…

ObjectiveThe main objective was to describe women with fibroids who were treated with ultrasound-guided high intensity focused ultrasound (USgHIFU) at the Chris Hani Baragwanath Academic Hospital (CHBAH) and to evaluate the outcomes at leas…

ObjectiveTo explore the incidence of congenital bleeding disorders (CBD), which may result in anemia, in a large cohort of women referred for heavy menstrual bleeding (HMB) in a specialized gynecologic unit.MethodsBetween January 2022 and J…

The presence of uterine fibroids impacts fertility through multiple mechanisms. While subserosal fibroids have minimal impact, especially when of reduced size, the presence of intramural fibroids impacts both the likelihood of pregnancy and…

BackgroundMore than 740 000 people identified as female at intake were incarcerated globally as of 2022, reflecting a 60% global increase since the year 2000, with a concomitant increase in gynecologic conditions experienced behind bars.Obj…

ObjectiveTo investigate whether intraoperative confirmation of the disappearance of uterine cavity blood flow using color Doppler during manual vacuum aspiration (MVA) for missed miscarriage reduces the occurrence of retained products of co…

A T-shaped uterus is a uterine malformation, which can be either congenital or acquired, potentially impairing fertility and increasing the risk of miscarriage. Diagnosis primarily relies on three-dimensional ultrasound and hysteroscopy. Hy…

ObjectiveCombined oral contraceptives (COCs) for dysmenorrhea management have been covered by the Japanese universal health insurance system since 2008. Several public awareness events regarding COC prescriptions for dysmenorrhea were imple…

ObjectiveTo assess the background, psychosocial, and menstrual factors associated with premenstrual syndrome (PMS) and premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) in a community-based cohort.MethodsA prospective cohort study was conducted using …

Despite advancements in infection control, surgical site infections (SSIs) and postoperative sepsis remain significant challenges in gynecological surgery, contributing to increased morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs. In low-income …

ObjectiveThis study investigates the role of anterior utero-cervical angle as a predictor of labor induction success, comparing outcomes between normal vaginal delivery and cesarean section groups.MethodsA prospective cohort study was condu…

ObjectiveThis study aimed to investigate whether the use of levonorgestrel intrauterine devices (LNG-IUD) is associated with an increased need for medically assisted reproductive (MAR) treatment compared to other contraceptive methods.Metho…

Mid-trimester pregnancy loss (MTL), defined as a pregnancy loss occurring between 14 + 0 and 21 + 6 weeks of gestation, causes significant physical and emotional distress to women and presents clinical challenges to healthcare professionals…

Adhesions arising from gynecologic surgeries and cesarean sections pose substantial clinical, social, and economic challenges, leading to issues like pelvic pain, infertility, bowel obstruction, and recurring surgeries. Preventing adhesions…

Cancer diagnoses in patients of reproductive age require balancing urgent oncological treatment with the need to preserve fertility. This FIGO Best Practice Advice outlines key considerations for fertility management in this population give…

In 2014, FIGO's Committee for Gynecologic Oncology revised the staging of ovarian cancer, incorporating ovarian, fallopian tube, and peritoneal cancer into the same system. Most of these malignancies are high-grade serous carcinomas (HGSCs)…

Primary vaginal cancer is a rare gynecologic malignancy, with most vaginal cancers representing metastases from other primary sites. Staging and treatment protocols are often extrapolated from those used in cervical cancer. In contemporary …

ObjectiveTo compare circulating levels of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 3 (VEGFR-3) in women with pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH) and in non-pregnant (NP) and healthy pregnant (HP) women.MethodsWe conducted a case-control…

ObjectiveTo present our surgical outcomes by comparing the transumbilical and transvaginal methods for the removal of specimens in laparoscopic surgery of fibroids and adnexal masses during our 12 years of experience.MethodsA retrospective …

ObjectiveTo evaluate if structured reports (SR) of pelvic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans using the PALM-COEIN FIGO (the International Federation of Gynecology & Obstetrics) uterine leiomyomas classification (SR-FIGO) contain adequat…

ObjectiveTo investigate the benefits of menstrual management in women undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), in whom heavy menstrual bleeding (HMB) can be an underestimated bleeding complication.MethodsThis was a retrosp…

ObjectiveTo analyze the results of excluding confusable diseases in patients with a presumptive diagnosis of interstitial cystitis (IC).MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed the electronic medical records of consecutive patients with IC betwee…

Infertility is a condition with significant psychological, economic, and health implications. Investigations are generally conducted by a primary healthcare provider who then refers to a specialist; however, multidisciplinary care is often …

BackgroundPolycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a prevalent endocrine disorder in women of reproductive age, associated with genetic and environmental factors, including microRNA (miRNA) gene polymorphisms.ObjectiveTo evaluate the association…