International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics

IntroductionTo evaluate the accuracy and completeness of responses across common obstetrical and gynecologic topics generated by the large language models (LLMs) ChatGPT and Google Gemini, which have become increasingly popular for patients…

BackgroundThe United Nations (UN) has a target for universal contraception access by 2030. Youth (aged 15-29) still have limited contraception access and lower usage. A unified understanding of the barriers youth face in high-income countri…

ObjectiveThe main objective was to describe women with fibroids who were treated with ultrasound-guided high intensity focused ultrasound (USgHIFU) at the Chris Hani Baragwanath Academic Hospital (CHBAH) and to evaluate the outcomes at leas…

ObjectiveTo explore the incidence of congenital bleeding disorders (CBD), which may result in anemia, in a large cohort of women referred for heavy menstrual bleeding (HMB) in a specialized gynecologic unit.MethodsBetween January 2022 and J…

The presence of uterine fibroids impacts fertility through multiple mechanisms. While subserosal fibroids have minimal impact, especially when of reduced size, the presence of intramural fibroids impacts both the likelihood of pregnancy and…

BackgroundMore than 740 000 people identified as female at intake were incarcerated globally as of 2022, reflecting a 60% global increase since the year 2000, with a concomitant increase in gynecologic conditions experienced behind bars.Obj…

ObjectiveThe primary objective of this study is to assess the impact of hysteroscopic metroplasty on symptom relief, including dysmenorrhea, dyspareunia, and menstrual blood flow in women with partial uterine septa (U2a class). Additionally…

ObjectiveTo investigate whether intraoperative confirmation of the disappearance of uterine cavity blood flow using color Doppler during manual vacuum aspiration (MVA) for missed miscarriage reduces the occurrence of retained products of co…

BackgroundPoor ovarian response (POR) complicates a substantial proportion of in vitro fertilization (IVF) cycles, frequently causing cycle cancellation and suboptimal reproductive outcomes. Conventional follicular-phase ovarian stimulation…

A T-shaped uterus is a uterine malformation, which can be either congenital or acquired, potentially impairing fertility and increasing the risk of miscarriage. Diagnosis primarily relies on three-dimensional ultrasound and hysteroscopy. Hy…

IntroductionUterine compression sutures are widely used for postpartum hemorrhage, but conventional techniques might be less effective for bleeding from the lower uterine segment in placenta previa. The Nausicaa suture has shown efficacy; h…

Intrauterine insemination (IUI) is a widely used first-line fertility treatment, yet its success rates vary considerably. This review synthesizes evidence from peer-reviewed studies published between 2000 and 2024, including randomized cont…

ObjectiveTo investigate the impact of both pre- and post-ovulation post-wash total progressive motile sperm count (TPMSC) on pregnancy outcomes in intrauterine insemination (IUI) using husband's sperm (AIH).MethodsThis retrospective cohort …

Pelvic venous disorders (PeVD) are an underrecognized yet significant cause of chronic pelvic pain (CPP) in reproductive-aged women, characterized by venous reflux, obstruction, or both. This clinical opinion provides a practical overview o…

ObjectiveThis study investigates the relationship between uterine artery blood flow parameters and the number of miscarriages, etiology, treatment protocol, and pregnancy outcomes in patients with recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL).MethodsA ret…

ObjectiveThe aim of the present study was to analyze pregnancy outcomes among patients diagnosed with first-trimester decidual polyps (DPs) following fresh embryo transfer who underwent expectant management and to further explore risk facto…

ObjectiveCombined oral contraceptives (COCs) for dysmenorrhea management have been covered by the Japanese universal health insurance system since 2008. Several public awareness events regarding COC prescriptions for dysmenorrhea were imple…

ObjectiveTo assess the background, psychosocial, and menstrual factors associated with premenstrual syndrome (PMS) and premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) in a community-based cohort.MethodsA prospective cohort study was conducted using …

Surgery continues to be a mainstay of treatment for patients with symptomatic fibroids. Hysterectomy is an option for those desiring definitive treatment and myomectomy is preferred for those that have not yet completed childbearing or wish…

Despite advancements in infection control, surgical site infections (SSIs) and postoperative sepsis remain significant challenges in gynecological surgery, contributing to increased morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs. In low-income …

ObjectiveThis study investigates the role of anterior utero-cervical angle as a predictor of labor induction success, comparing outcomes between normal vaginal delivery and cesarean section groups.MethodsA prospective cohort study was condu…

ObjectiveMonocyte-to-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (MHR), lymphocyte-to-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (LHR), and neutrophil-to-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (NHR) are novel and convenient biomarkers. H…

ObjectiveThis study aimed to investigate whether the use of levonorgestrel intrauterine devices (LNG-IUD) is associated with an increased need for medically assisted reproductive (MAR) treatment compared to other contraceptive methods.Metho…

ObjectiveSpontaneous preterm birth is mainly caused by cervical incompetence. Cervical cerclage is the gold standard for preventing mid-trimester losses and preterm deliveries. If cervical cerclage fails, cervico-isthmic cerclage may be ind…