Science advances

Endometriosis is a chronic, hormone-dependent disease characterized by altered endometrial stromal function, but mechanistic and translational studies have been hindered by the lack of tractable human models. Here, we establish an induced p…

The menstrual cycle is a rich yet underused source of physiological information. To address this, we developed an open-source tool called WAVES (women's health assessment through variability in endocrine-related signals) that leverages phys…

Uterine infertility is a substantial global health challenge, imposing profound physical and emotional burdens on affected individuals, with endometrial injury being a key contributing factor. In this study, we report that platelet-derived …

Precision medicine requires an evidence base that reflects women's biology, demanding reforms in funding, study design, and sex-disaggregated reporting.

Monkeypox virus (MPXV) infection-associated intestinal manifestations, including diarrhea and proctitis, have been frequently reported during mpox outbreaks. Here, we present clinical evidence that MPXV can directly infect the human intesti…

Sleep disorders and deficiencies can up-regulate pro-inflammatory mediators, but their potential adverse impact on ovarian function remains not fully understood. In this study, we investigated the immunoregulatory mechanisms underlying slee…

Adenomyosis is a common gynecological condition characterized by ectopic endometrial-like tissue deep within the myometrium, causing debilitating symptoms. Treatment options are limited to hormones that primarily focus on symptom management…

Patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) often have decreased fertility. Gene translation is crucial to oocyte meiosis and development. However, it remains unclear how SLE affects this process. Here, we used single-cell transcriptom…

As international investments in women's health increase, funders are adopting sex and gender policies and regulators are requiring disaggregated data, actions which impact research design.

The fallopian tubes play key roles in processes from pregnancy to ovarian cancer where three-dimensional (3D) cellular and extracellular interactions are important to their pathophysiology. Here, we develop a 3D multicompartment assembloid …

Ferroptosis, caused by disorders of iron metabolism, plays a critical role in various diseases, making the regulation of iron metabolism essential for tissue repair. In our analysis of degenerated intervertebral disc tissue, we observe a po…

The initiation of human pregnancy is marked by the implantation of an embryo into the uterine environment; however, the underlying mechanisms remain largely elusive. To address this knowledge gap, we developed hormone-responsive endometrial…

Adiponectin receptors, AdipoR1 and AdipoR2 are promising targets for the prevention and treatment of metabolic diseases. In this study, we aimed to establish agonistic antibodies against AdipoR1 and AdipoR2 with a long enough half-life to p…

The association between coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination and vaginal bleeding among nonmenstruating women is not well studied. The Norwegian Institute of Public Health followed several cohorts throughout the pandemic and earl…

Early in 2021, many people began sharing that they experienced unexpected menstrual bleeding after SARS-CoV-2 inoculation. We investigated this emerging phenomenon of changed menstrual bleeding patterns among a convenience sample of current…

What covalent modifications control the temporal ubiquitination of ERα and hence the duration of its transcriptional activity remain poorly understood. We show that GREB1, an ERα-inducible enzyme, catalyzes O-GlcNAcylation of ERα at residue…

Pancreatic cancer is one of the deadliest cancers, with a 5-year survival rate of <10%. The current approach to confirming a tissue diagnosis, endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration (EUS-FNA), requires a time-consuming, qualita…

While a genetic component of preterm birth (PTB) has long been recognized and recently mapped by genome-wide association studies (GWASs), the molecular determinants underlying PTB remain elusive. This stems in part from an incomplete availa…

The impact of the FMR1 premutation on human health is the subject of considerable controversy. A fundamental unanswered question is whether carrying the premutation allele is directly correlated with clinical phenotypes. A challenging probl…

Patients with high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSC) exhibit poor 5-year survival rates, which may be significantly improved by early-stage detection. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration-approved biomarkers for HGSC-CA-125 (cancer ant…

Over the past 4 years, nearly 100 exome sequencing studies have revealed the high frequency of mutations in the genes encoding the subunits of ATP-dependent chromatin remodelers in human cancer. Most of these mutations are within the genes …