Sports medicine - open

BackgroundMost women serving in the military do so during their reproductive life and enter service at a young gynecological age. This review provides an overview of the menstrual cycle and summarizes the evidence for menstrual cycle distur…

BackgroundWhile a regular menstrual cycle is an indicator of good health, menstrual dysfunction (MD) and wrong beliefs regarding hormonal contraceptives (HC) are quite common among elite female athletes and threaten their health. This study…

BackgroundPhysical effort in sports practice is an important trigger for urinary incontinence (UI). Among high-impact sports, all track and field events require continuous ground impacts and/or abdominal contractions that increase intra-abd…

BackgroundOxidative stress in female athletes is understudied. We investigated oxidative stress in sportswomen of different disciplines according to combined oral contraceptive (OC) use and lifestyle/alimentary habits.MethodsItalian sportsw…