Cancers

Background/objectivesAldo-keto reductase isoforms AKR1C1-3 and 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 1 and 2 (17β-HSD1 and 17β-HSD2) are key enzymes in steroid metabolism and validated targets in hormone-dependent cancers.MethodsIn this study, Δ…

Endometrial cancer (EC) is the most common gynecological cancer in developed countries, with approximately 417,000 new cases reported worldwide in 2020. Its incidence has been rising for the past 30 years, primarily due to population aging,…

BackgroundScar carcinoma represents a distinct subtype of lung malignancy developing in areas of chronic pulmonary fibrosis, inflammation, and structural remodeling, frequently associated with previous pulmonary tuberculosis (TB). The prese…

Background/Objectives: Flow cytometric analysis of cellular DNA content has prognostic importance in ovarian cancer and its measurement could contribute to clinical practice. The aim of this study was to compare serous cystadenoma and serou…

Sexual dysfunction (SD) and sexual health problems are common distressing and often under-addressed issues among both male and female patients with cancer and without cancer [...].

Bartholin gland carcinoma (BGC) is a rare malignancy, comprising 3-7% of vulvar cancers and <1% of gynecologic tumors. Due to its low incidence, high-level evidence is lacking, and management is largely extrapolated from vulvar cancer guide…

Background/objectivesHigh-grade serous carcinoma (HGSC) is the leading cause of ovarian cancer-related mortality. It usually arises from fallopian tube epithelium, with a smaller subset arising in non-tubal sites including the ovary or peri…

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains one of the most lethal malignancies, largely due to late-stage diagnosis and limited therapeutic efficacy. The carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9) is the most widely used serum biomarker in the…

This perspective provides a short overview of cancer biomarkers, balancing the technical details with the broad implications for biomarker discovery and innovation; early detection and screening; personalized treatment and monitoring; and e…

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Endometriosis and high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGS-OC) share common features within the peritoneal immune microenvironment, yet they exhibit divergent clinical outcomes. This study aimed to dissect the immune-met…

Background/Objectives: Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) encompasses ovarian, fallopian tube and peritoneal malignancies. It is a deadly disease and is rarely cured when diagnosed at advanced stages. Early-stage disease is often curable, but …

Endometrial stromal sarcoma (ESS) is a rare malignant tumor of uterine mesenchyme, accounting for 15-20% of uterine sarcomas. It is classified into low-grade (LG-ESS) and high-grade (HG-ESS) subtypes, each defined by distinct histopathologi…

BackgroundAppendiceal neoplasms are rare, but recent data indicate a rising trend, particularly in patients under the age of 50. These tumours are often diagnosed incidentally during histopathological examination. This study has aimed to ex…

Enhancer of Zeste Homolog 2 (EZH2) is a key epigenetic regulator known for its role in global gene silencing and is involved in a variety of cellular processes, including cell survival, proliferation, invasion, and self-renewal. As a core c…

Background/objectivesDue to the rarity and histological heterogeneity of non-epithelial ovarian cancers (NEOCs), monitoring their reproductive and oncological outcomes is challenging. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the oncologic…

Background: Ovarian cancer remains the most lethal gynecological cancer, primarily due to its asymptomatic nature in early stages and consequent late diagnosis. Early detection improves survival, but current biomarkers lack sensitivity and …

BackgroundThe phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) pathway is activated in multiple cancers. However, the significance of PIK3R1 encoding the PI3K regulatory subunit, an inhibitor of the PI3K catalytic subunit encoded by PIK3CA, in ovarian canc…

Ovarian tumors are rare in the pediatric population, yet they are the most common type of malignancy in tumors of the female genital tract. Both non-neoplastic and neoplastic ovarian lesions are seen in children and adolescents. Most pediat…

Immature teratoma of the ovary is a rare condition primarily affecting young women and constitutes a significant proportion of ovarian cancer cases in adolescents and young adults. It is commonly diagnosed at stage I, though advanced-stage …

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to evaluate the introduction of sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) in early-stage endometrial cancer (EC), its learning curve, and factors influencing discrepancies between surgeons and pathologists. METHODS: A …

Background: Ovarian cancer, particularly in advanced stages, requires cytoreductive surgery followed by chemotherapy. A significant proportion of patients are elderly, yet older women are often treated with non-standard regimens despite a l…

Objectives: To evaluate the potential associations of the type of complete hydatidiform mole (CHM) initial treatment (hysterectomy or uterine evacuation) with GTN development, need for chemotherapy, and treatment outcome in women aged ≥ 40 …

Endometrial cancer (EC) is a common gynaecological malignancy associated with metabolic dysfunctions such as obesity, diabetes and insulin resistance, as well as hormonal imbalances, particularly involving oestrogen and progesterone. These …