BackgroundPrimary dysmenorrhea (PD) is a prevalent gynecological condition characterized by menstrual pain. Women with PD often experience functional disability, absenteeism, and presenteeism, leading to increased healthcare costs. Health e…
BackgroundPrimary dysmenorrhea (PD) is an etiological cyclic pelvic pain related to the menstrual period; it can negatively impact women's quality of life and productivity. The aim of the present study was to estimate the prevalence of PD a…
Aim: Different nonpharmacological strategies are adopted to decrease primary dysmenorrhea (PD)-related pain. The present study aimed to verify women's use of nonpharmacological methods for pain and compare them with evidence from the litera…
ObjectiveDysmenorrhea is the pain related to menstruation; to screen for the symptoms, a working ability, location, intensity of days of pain, and dysmenorrhea (WaLIDD) score was created. The purpose of this work was to culturally adapt and…
Background Primary dysmenorrhea (PD) refers to the occurrence of painful menstrual cramps without pathological involvement of the pelvic organs, with considerable morbidity and high prevalence among females of reproductive age. Objective Th…
BackgroundTo verify the use of pain drawing to assess multisite pain in with primary dysmenorrhea (PD) and to assess its divergent validity, test-retest reliability, intra- and inter-rater reliability and measurement errors.MethodsCross-sec…
Primary dysmenorrhea (PD) is a common gynecological disorder characterized by cramping pain in the lower abdomen during menstruation, in the absence of identifiable pathology. While Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS) is used…