Walter C. Willett

PURPOSE: Circulating levels of sex steroid hormones have previously been associated with premenopausal breast cancer risk. Few studies have considered the association between dietary patterns and premenopausal hormone levels. Our objective …

BACKGROUND: Prospective associations between total and groups of ultra-processed foods (UPF) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) remained to be characterised. Our aim was to assess the association of total and group-specific UPF intakes with C…

A lack of prospective studies has been a major barrier for assessing the role of the microbiome in human health and disease on a population-wide scale. To address this significant knowledge gap, we have launched a large-scale collection tar…

BACKGROUND: The Korea Nurses' Health Study (KNHS) is a prospective cohort study of female nurses, focusing on the effects of occupational, environmental, and lifestyle risk factors on the health of Korean women. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fema…

BACKGROUND: Sex hormones are important for breast cancer, but it is unclear whether dietary patterns influence hormone concentrations. METHODS: Dietary pattern adherence scores for the alternate Mediterranean diet (aMED), Dietary Approache…

BACKGROUND: Alcohol consumption is a consistent risk factor for breast cancer, and evidence suggests premenopausal plasma hormones are associated with breast cancer. METHODS: Plasma concentrations of estradiol, estrone, estrone sulfate, te…

PURPOSE: High lactose intake has been suggested to increase epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) risk. We evaluated the association between lactose consumed during specific life periods (high school, premenopause, and postmenopause) and later ri…

BACKGROUND: Moderate to severe premenstrual syndrome (PMS) affects 8-20 percent of premenopausal women. Previous studies suggest that high dietary vitamin D intake may reduce risk. However, vitamin D status is influenced by both dietary vit…

The etiology of endometriosis is poorly understood, and few modifiable risk factors have been identified. Dairy foods and some nutrients can modulate inflammatory and immune factors, which are altered in women with endometriosis. We investi…

The etiology of endometriosis is poorly understood, and few modifiable risk factors have been identified. Dairy foods and some nutrients can modulate inflammatory and immune factors, which are altered in women with endo-metriosis. We invest…

BACKGROUND: Thiamine, riboflavin, niacin, vitamin B-6, folate, and vitamin B-12 are required to synthesize neurotransmitters that are potentially involved in the pathophysiology of premenstrual syndrome (PMS). OBJECTIVE: The objective was …

BACKGROUND: Moderate to severe premenstrual syndrome (PMS) affects 8%-20% of premenopausal women and causes substantial levels of impairment, but few modifiable risk factors for PMS have been identified. Adiposity may impact risk through th…

BACKGROUND: Endometriosis is a prevalent but enigmatic gynecologic disorder for which few modifiable risk factors have been identified. Fish oil consumption has been associated with symptom improvement in studies of women with primary dysme…

BACKGROUND: Many studies have examined whether caffeine, alcohol, or specific beverages containing these substances affect fertility in women. However, most of these studies have retrospectively collected information on alcohol and caffeine…

OBJECTIVE: The objective of the study was to evaluate whether intake of protein from animal and vegetable origin is associated with ovulatory infertility. STUDY DESIGN: A total of 18,555 married women without a history of infertility were …

OBJECTIVE: To examine whether use of multivitamins and intake of specific nutrients in multivitamins is associated with ovulatory infertility. DESIGN: A prospective cohort study. SETTING: The Nurses' Health Study II. PATIENT(S): Eighteen…

OBJECTIVE: To clarify the temporal complexities of the relation between reproductive factors and endometriosis. METHODS: We analyzed 10 years of prospective data from the Nurses' Health Study II cohort. Information was obtained through que…