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Vaginal hysterectomy remains the least invasive approach for benign gynecologic diseases, but has steadily declined due to limited surgical exposure during residency. Transvaginal natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery (vNOTES) has…
ObjectiveNatural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery (NOTES) for hysterectomy conventionally requires CO2 pneumoperitoneum via a transvaginal port, presenting challenges such as gas leakage and increased procedural complexity. We introd…
BackgroundLocal administration of opioids causes effective analgesia without adverse effects related to the central nervous system. After the beneficial demonstration of peripheral opioid receptors in joint synovia, intra-articular opioid i…
hemoglobin concentration, 7.4 g/dL), and elevated CA-125 levels (75.10 U/mL). Sigmoidoscopy was performed, showing a polypoid, fungating mass with colonic obstruction in the rectum, located 11 cm from the anal verge (Fig. Chronic inflammati…