Thomakos N

Infertility and ovarian ageing are increasingly acknowledged as illnesses affected not just by endocrine decline but also by chronic inflammatory stress and mitochondrial dysfunction in the reproductive milieu. The cGAS-STING signalling pat…

Oxidative stress is a fundamental mechanism that impacts reproductive function by altering gamete quality, fertilisation, and the initial development of embryos. Excessive reactive oxygen species lead to the oxidation of polyunsaturated fat…

The functional deterioration of granulosa cells (GCs), essential for follicular growth, steroidogenesis, and oocyte competence, indicates ovarian aging and reduced fertility. An expanding corpus of research indicates that oxidative stress i…

Ferroptosis is a novel kind of regulated cell death that occurs when redox equilibrium is disrupted, leading to iron-dependent lipid peroxidation. Ferroptosis is defined by the buildup of deleterious lipid hydroperoxides, the inactivation o…

Numerous infants have been conceived by in vitro fertilization (IVF) and other assisted reproductive technologies (ART). Increasing evidence indicates that these approaches induce minor alterations in molecules during the initial phases of …

IntroductionNatural Orifice Transluminal Endoscopic Surgery (NOTES) via the vagina (vNOTES) has recently appeared on the gynecology horizon as a fresh minimally invasive approach. Although vNOTES for benign adnexal conditions is being incre…

Human infertility represents a multifaceted condition, with oxidative stress (OS) and microRNAs (miRNAs) emerging as key contributors to its pathophysiology. This comprehensive review explores the complex interplay between reactive oxygen s…

Endometriosis impairs fertility by interfering with ovarian function, embryonic development, and endometrial receptivity. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are recognised as non-invasive biomarkers that may indicate biological processes based on…

The reduction in oocyte competence and ovarian reserve coincides with reproductive ageing; nevertheless, the molecular mechanisms underlying this phenomenon remain poorly understood. Our testable mechanistic hypothesis is that the oxidative…

Background/objectivesApproximately 50% of infertility cases are attributable to male factors; yet conventional semen examination can not identify the molecular abnormalities that hinder sperm functionality. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) deri…

Bisphenols, particularly bisphenol A (BPA), are among the most thoroughly investigated endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs). BPA was the first synthetic estrogen to be identified, exerting its estrogenic effects through interaction with hu…

The presence of ascites is a common clinical presentation in gynecologic oncology patients. Hemorrhagic ascites (HA) due to endometriosis is a rare presentation that can be easily misdiagnosed as ovarian malignancies. The present study aims…

BACKGROUND: pain is one of the main symptoms of endometriosis and it has a deleterious effect on a patients' personal and social life. To date, the clinical management of pain includes prolonged medication use and, in some cases, surgery, b…

Endometriosis is a common benign gynecological condition defined as the presence of endometrial tissue in tissues outside the uterine cavity. Apart from the common sites of endometriosis, rare sites other have also been reported including t…

BACKGROUND/AIM: Obstructive uropathy due to gynecological benignities is a very rare, difficult and challenging condition and physicians should always consider the existence of uropathy in such cases.

Bowel preparation traditionally refers to the removal of bowel contents via mechanical cleansing measures. Although it has been a common practice for more than 70 years, its use is based mostly on expert opinion rather than solid evidence. …

Surgical management of deep infiltrating endometriosis can be very challenging even for experienced gynecologists. Radical procedures like bowel resection and nephrectomy have been reported for treatment of the disease. Our aim is to report…

BackgroundChoroidal metastases from gynaecological primary are extremely rare. There is no documented case in the literature of choroid metastasis in a patient with primary peritoneal carcinoma (PPC).Methods & resultsWe describe the first c…

A rare case of rectovaginal endometriosis with lymph node involvement is described in a 44-year-old patient. The presence of endometrial tissue in pelvic lymph nodes is rare and has been confirmed in the literature in subjects who underwent…