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BACKGROUND: Endometriosis (EMS) is an estrogen-dependent chronic inflammatory disorder for which metabolic reprogramming has emerged as a central pathological feature. Driven by genetic, epigenetic, and microenvironmental stressors, ectopic…

BackgroundE2 is important in follicular development. During monitoring of stimulated cycles, serum levels of E2 are expected to increase steadily with follicle growth until final maturation. Unexpected E2 decline before triggering is report…

Hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF-1α) is a major molecular mediator of the hypoxic response. In the endometrium, local hypoxic conditions induced by hormonal fluctuations and endometrial vascular remodeling contribute to the production …