Stead TS

BackgroundDysmenorrhea, or painful menstrual periods, is one of the most common gynecological complaints. Most reports of uterine contractions range between moderate to severe pain, and patients often elect to cope with their discomfort wit…

Despite the relatively high incidence of ovarian cysts, particularly in premenopausal women, cyst rupture may on occasion present painfully and require surgical intervention to resolve. Particularly in the case of ruptured hemorrhagic ovari…