Hsin‐Fang Chung

OBJECTIVE: To test, among women with natural menopause, whether: infertility, miscarriage, stillbirth, and low parity are associated with a higher risk of osteoporosis; menopause age can partly explain their associations. DESIGN: Pooled an…

STUDY QUESTION: What is the association between endometriosis and the type and age of menopause? SUMMARY ANSWER: Women with endometriosis had a 7-fold increased risk of undergoing surgical menopause rather than natural menopause and were m…

BACKGROUND: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of mortality in women. We aimed to assess whether adding female-specific risk factors to traditional factors could improve CVD risk prediction. METHODS: We used a cohort of wome…

PURPOSE: Previous studies have identified associations between individual reproductive factors and chronic disease risk among postmenopausal women. However, few have investigated the association of different markers of reproductive function…

ObjectiveTo examine the associations of infertility, recurrent miscarriage, and stillbirth with the risk of first non-fatal and fatal stroke, further stratified by stroke subtypes.DesignIndividual participant pooled analysis of eight prospe…

Importance: Early menarche and early menopause are associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in midlife, but little is known about the association between reproductive life span and the risk of CVD. Objective: To invest…

STUDY QUESTION: How does the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) vary with type and age of menopause? SUMMARY ANSWER: Earlier surgical menopause (e.g. <45 years) poses additional increased risk of incident CVD events, compared to women wi…

Study questionAre parity and the timing of menarche associated with premature and early natural menopause?Summary answerEarly menarche (≤11 years) is a risk factor for both premature menopause (final menstrual period, FMP <40 years) and ear…