Anusha Shirwaikar Thomas

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) have revolutionized cancer care and work primarily by blocking CTLA-4 (cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4), and/or PD-1 (programmed cell death protein 1), and/or PD-L1 (programm…

Introduction: The pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) remains unclear to date. Although numerous risk factors have been identified, the disease is thought to be multifactorial in origin. It is suggested that varying ovarian hor…