Giustino Varrassi

Endometriosis is a common gynecological condition that usually affects women during their reproductive years. The main goal of this narrative review is to understand the role of the innate and adaptive immune system in the pathogenesis of e…

Palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) emerged over the years as a promising approach in the management of chronic pain. Despite the fact that the efficacy of micron-size PEA formulations appears to be time-dependent, the optimal timing has not yet be…

INTRODUCTION: Endometriosis affects 5% to 10% of reproductive age women and may be associated with severely painful and debilitating symptoms as well as infertility. Endometriosis involves hormonal fluctuations, angiogenesis, neurogenesis, …

As estrogen-dependent breast cancer is more affected by the local production of estrogen via aromatase than serum estrogen, aromatase inhibitors for treating breast carcinomas in postmenopausal women have been developed. As the aromatase en…

Osteoporosis affects a significant number of postmenopausal women in the United States. Screening is performed using clinical assessments and bone mineral density scans via dual x-ray absorptiometry. Oral therapy is indicated to prevent pat…

Infertility, the inability to establish a clinical pregnancy after 12 months of regular unprotected sexual intercourse, is caused by a wide variety of both male and female factors. Infertility is estimated to affect between 8-12% of couples…

CONTEXT: Pelvic pain is described as pain originating from the visceral or somatic system localizing to the pelvis, the anterior abdominal wall at the level of or below the umbilicus, lumbosacral back in either men or women. EVIDENCE ACQUI…

INTRODUCTION: In 2016, the orally administered fixed-dose combination of dexketoprofen 25 mg and tramadol 75 mg (DKP/TRAM FDC) was approved in Europe for short-term treatment of moderate-to-severe acute pain, an indication that encompasses …

CONTEXT: The influence of the gonadal hormones on some aspects of the human physiology has been studied with uncertain results. Still a confusion exists in relation to the real effects of the female hormones on the perception of pain. The e…