{"paper_id":"f7f062ab-dbd4-4a43-b99b-77ec151563c9","body_text":"Synonyms\nEndometrioma; Endometriosis\nDefinition\nEndometriosis is a condition of implant of a focus of benign endometrial cells outside of the corpus (body) uterus. The etiology and pathogenesis of endometriosis is still not well understood. It usually results from retrograde menstruation and persists and may become functional in women with some form of immune dysfunction such as upregulation of inflammatory pathways that are normally deployed in response to infection or trauma. Genetics is being considered as a risk factor in the development of endometriosis and endometriosis-associated ovarian carcinomas, but the exact cellular and molecular pathways are not well elucidated.\nClinical Features\n-\nIncidence\nThe exact incidence of endometriosis is difficult to estimate, as some lesions are asymptomatic. Current estimates suggest that 6–10% of women of reproductive age, >50% of women and teenage girls with pelvic pain, and 50% of women with infertility have endometriosis. In the United...\nAccess this chapter\nTax calculation will be finalised at checkout\nPurchases are for personal use only\nReferences and Further Reading\nAhn, S. H., Monsanto, S. P., Miller, C., Singh, S. S., Thomas, R., & Tayade, C. (2015). Pathophysiology and immune dysfunction in endometriosis. BioMed Research International, 2015, 795976.\nAmerican College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. (2010). Management of endometriosis (Practice Bulletin No. 114). Obstetrics & Gynecology, 116, 223–236.\nBiscotti, C., & Ray, N. (2010). Papanicolaou tests associated with cervical mucosal endometriosis: An analysis of cellular features and c omparison to endocervical adenocarcinoma in situ. Diagnostic Cytopahology, 38, 551–554.\nCobb, J. (2008). Endometriosis. In D. C. Wilbur & M. R. Henry (Eds.), College of American pathologists practical guide to gynecologic cytopathology. Illinois: College of American Pathologists.\nGadducci, A., Lanfredini, N., & Tana, R. (2014). Novel insights on the malignant transformation of endometriosis into ovarian carcinoma. Gynecological Endocrinology, 30, 612–617.\nGiudice, L. C. (2010). Endometriosis. New England Journal of Medicine, 362, 2389–2398.\nKennedy, S., Bennett, S., & Weeks, D. E. (2001). Affected sib-pair analysis in endometriosis. Human Reproduction Update, 7, 411–418. Review.\nParazzini, F., Esposito, G., Tozzi, L., Noli, S., & Bianchi, S. (2016). Epidemiology of endometriosis and its comorbidities. European Journal of Obstetrics Gynecology and Reproductive Biology. Apr 30.\nAuthor information\nAuthors and Affiliations\nCorresponding author\nEditor information\nEditors and Affiliations\nRights and permissions\nCopyright information\n© 2017 Springer International Publishing AG\nAbout this entry\nCite this entry\nHoda, R.S., Goyal, A., Alperstein, S.A. (2017). Endometriosis, Cytological Findings. In: Schmitt, F. (eds) Cytopathology. Encyclopedia of Pathology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-33286-4_866\nDownload citation\nDOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-33286-4_866\nPublished:\nPublisher Name: Springer, Cham\nPrint ISBN: 978-3-319-33285-7\nOnline ISBN: 978-3-319-33286-4\neBook Packages: MedicineReference Module Medicine","source_license":"CC0","license_restricted":false}