{"paper_id":"dafd8d5e-3e34-4e7e-ac6b-688b5b08c4ec","body_text":"tBID-Mediated Apoptosis in the Cumulus–Oocyte Complex of Endometriosis: Protective Role of Nanocurcumin\nDOI:\nhttps://doi.org/10.26538/tjnpr/v10i3.32Keywords:\nEndometriosis, Nanocurcumin, Truncated BID, Cumulus–Oocyte Complex, Good Health and Well-beingAbstract\nEndometriosis is a chronic gynecological disorder characterized by ectopic endometrial growth, inflammation, and mitochondrial dysfunction within the cumulus–oocyte complex (COC), leading to impaired oocyte competence. Truncated BID (tBID) plays a central role in linking extrinsic and intrinsic apoptotic pathways, and its dysregulation contributes to mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis in endometriosis. Curcumin possesses anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic properties; however, its limited bioavailability may be enhanced through nanoparticle formulation as nanocurcumin. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of nanocurcumin on tBID expression in an experimental endometriosis model. Thirty-one female Mus musculus were randomly assigned into four groups: positive control (C+) and three treatment groups receiving oral nanocurcumin at 2.5 mg/kgBW (T1), 5 mg/kgBW (T2), and 10 mg/kgBW (T3) for 14 days. Ovarian tissues were collected, and tBID expression in granulosa cells was assessed by immunohistochemistry and semi-quantified using the Immunoreactive Score (IRS). All animals developed endometriosis features. Nanocurcumin treatment significantly reduced tBID expression compared with the control group (p < 0.05), with the lowest expression observed in T3 (IRS 1.57 ± 0.26). Post hoc analysis demonstrated a dose-dependent reduction, with T3 differing significantly from T1 and the control. These findings indicate that nanocurcumin downregulates tBID expression, suggesting attenuation of mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis and potential preservation of oocyte quality in endometriosis. This study supports the therapeutic potential of nanocurcumin as a non-hormonal adjuvant for endometriosis, in line with Sustainable Development Goal 3 (Good Health and Well-being), particularly in addressing reproductive health challenges in women.\nKeywords: Endometriosis, Nanocurcumin, Truncated BID, Cumulus–Oocyte Complex, Good Health and Well-being.\nDownloads\nReferences\n1. Carlberg M, Nejaty J, Fröysa B, Guan Y, Söder O, Bergqvist A. Elevated expression of tumour necrosis factor alpha in cultured granulosa cells from women with endometriosis. Hum Reprod. 2000;15(6):1250 1255. Doi: 10.1093/humrep/15.6.1250.\n2. Huang E, Wang X, Chen L. Regulated cell death in endometriosis. Biomolecules. 2024;14(2):142 Doi: 10.3390/biom14020142.\n3. Turathum B, Gao EM, Chian RC. 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