{"paper_id":"d7939797-a446-4911-81b9-df19d8e9a729","body_text":"Abstract\nThe chemokine thymus-expressed chemokine (TECK), which regulates T-cell development and tissue-specific homing, has been identified as a potential contributor to the pathogenesis and progression of endometriosis. Dioxin (2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin, TCDD), an air pollutant, and estrogen also appear to be involved in endometriosis. Both endometrial stromal cells (ESCs) and the combination of 17β-estradiol and TCDD increase the secretion of TECK in the endometriosis-associated cells and promote the invasiveness of ESCs by increasing expression of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and MMP-9. Anti-TECK neutralizing antibodies can effectively inhibit the invasiveness of ESCs and the expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9 in the cells. Interestingly, the expression of chemokine C receptor 9 (CCR9) and its ligand TECK increases significantly in the endometriotic milieu of patients with endometriosis. 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Hum Reprod 2005; 20: 794–801.\nMulayim N, Savlu A, Guzeloglu-Kayisli O, Kayisli UA, Arici A . Regulation of endometrial stromal cell matrix metalloproteinase activity and invasiveness by interleukin-8. Fertil Steril 2004; 81: 904–911.\nBradundmeier AG, Nowak RA . Cytokines regulate matrix metalloproteinases in human uterine endometrial fibroblast cells through a mechanism that does not involve increases in extracellular matrix metalloproteinase inducer. Am J Reprod Immunol 2006; 56: 201–214.\nAcknowledgements\nThis work was supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (2006CB944007, to DJ Li), the National and Shanghai Leading Academic Discipline Project (211XK22, to DJ Li) and the Program for Outstanding Medical Academic Leader of Shanghai (to DJ Li). The human peritoneal mesothelial cell line (HMrSV5) was generously provided by Professor Jian Yao (The First People’s Hospital, Shanghai, China)\nAuthor information\nAuthors and Affiliations\nRights and permissions\nAbout this article\nCite this article\nWang, Y., Yu, J., Luo, X. et al. Abnormal regulation of chemokine TECK and its receptor CCR9 in the endometriotic milieu is involved in pathogenesis of endometriosis by way of enhancing invasiveness of endometrial stromal cells. Cell Mol Immunol 7, 51–60 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1038/cmi.2009.102\nReceived:\nRevised:\nAccepted:\nPublished:\nIssue date:\nDOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/cmi.2009.102\nKeywords\nThis article is cited by\n-\nAnti-inflammatory cytokines in endometriosis\nCellular and Molecular Life Sciences (2019)\n-\nCCR9 in cancer: oncogenic role and therapeutic targeting\nJournal of Hematology & Oncology (2016)\n-\nCD4+Foxp3+ regulatory T cell differentiation mediated by endometrial stromal cell-derived TECK promotes the growth and invasion of endometriotic lesions\nCell Death & Disease (2014)","source_license":"CC0","license_restricted":false}