{"paper_id":"cf01895b-4f43-43a2-9522-f3b7dc1af03b","body_text":"References\nGreen PH, Cellier C (2007) Celiac disease. N Engl J Med 357:1731–1743\nLettesjo H, Hansson T, Bergqvist A, Gronlund J, Dannaeus A (2005) Enhanced interleukin-18 levels in the peripheral blood of children with coeliac disease. Clin Exp Immunol 139:138–143\nSalvati VM, Mac Donald TT, BajaJ-Elliott M, Borrelli M et al (2002) Interleukin 18 and associated markers of T helper cell type 1 activity in coeliac disease. Gut 50:186–190\nLeon AJ, Garrote JA, Blanco-Quiros A, Calvo C et al (2006) Interleukin 18 maintains a long-standing inflammation in coeliac disease patients. Clin Exper Immunol 146:479–485\nBrottveit M, Beitnes AC, Tollefsen S, Bratlie JE et al (2013) Mucosal cytokine response after short-term gluten challenge in celiac disease and non-celiac gluten sensitivity. AM J Gastoenterol 108:842–850\nDinarello CA, Novick D, Puren AJ, Fantuzzi G et al (1998) Overview of interleukin-18: more than an interferon-γ inducing factor. J Leukoc Biol 63:658–664\nBethun MT, Siegel M, Howles-Banerji S, Khosla C (2009) Interferon-γ released by gluten-stimulated celiac disease-specific intestinal T cells enhances the transepithelial flux of gluten peptides. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 329(2):657–668\nNorris JM, Barriga K, Hoffenberg EJ, Taki I et al (2005) Risk of celiac disease autoimmunity and timing of gluten introduction in the diet of infants at increased risk of disease. JAMA 293:2343–2351\nStephansson O, Falconer H, Ludvigsson J (2011) Risk of endometriosis in 11.000 women with celiac disease. Hum Reprod 26(10):2896–2901\nAguiar FM, Melo SB, Galvao LC, Rosa-e-Silva JC et al (2009) Serological testing for celiac disease in women with endometriosis. A pilot study. Clin Exp Obstet Gynecol 36:23–25\nPodgaec S, Jr Dias JA, Chapron C, de Oliveira RM et al (2010) TH1 and TH2 immune responses related to pelvic endometriosis. Rev Asoc Med Bras 56:92–98\nEisenberg VH, Zolti M, Soriano D (2012) Is there an association between autoimmunity and endometriosis? Autoimmun Rev 11:806–814\nSinaii N, Clearly SD, Ballweg ML, Nieman LK, Stratton P (2002) High rates of autoimmune and endocrine disorders, fibromyalgia, chronic fatigue syndrome and atopic diseases among women with endometriosis: a survey analysis. Hum Reprod 17:2715–2724\nOku H, Tsuji Y, Kashiwamura SI, Adachi S et al (2004) Role of IL-18 in pathogenesis of endometriosis. Hum Reprod 19:709–714\nHong-Yuan H, Hsing-Tse Y, She-Hung C, Chyi-Long L et al (2010) Eutopic endometrial interleukin-18 system mRNA and protein expression at the level of endometrial-myometrial interface in adenomyosis patients. Fertil steril 94:33–39\nChiang CM, Hill JA (1997) Localization of T cells, interferon-gamma and HLA-DR in eutopic and ectopic human endometrium. Gynecol Obstet Invest 43(4):245–250\nBhanothu V, Rozati R, Theophilus J (2013) Prevalence and polymorphism in interferon-γ Gene (CA) repeats with different stage of endometriosis. Am J Med Biol Res 1:1–5\nSundqvist J, Falconer H, Seddighzadeh M, Vidilazkaia A et al (2011) Endometriosis and autoimmune disease: association of susceptibility to moderate/severe endometriosis with CCL1 and HLA-DRB1. Fertil Steril 95:437–440\nMarziali M, Venza M, Lazzaro S, Lazzaro A et al (2012) Gluten-free diet: a new strategy for management of painful endometriosis-related symptoms? Minerva Chir 67:499–504\nKumar A, Meena M, Begum N, Kumar N, Gupta RK et al (2011) Latent celiac disease in reproductive performance women. Fertil Steril 95:922–927\nNaz RK, Butler A, Witt BR, Barad D, Menge AC (1995) Levels of interferon-gamma and tumor necrosis factor-alpha in sera and cervical mucus of fertile and infertile women: implication in infertility. J Reprod Immunol 29:105–117\nConflict of interest\nWe warrant that there are no conflict of interest statements to declare.\nAuthor information\nAuthors and Affiliations\nCorresponding author\nRights and permissions\nAbout this article\nCite this article\nMormile, R., Vittori, G. Celiac disease and endometriosis: what is the nexus?. Arch Gynecol Obstet 288, 1197–1198 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00404-013-2928-3\nReceived:\nAccepted:\nPublished:\nIssue date:\nDOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00404-013-2928-3","source_license":"CC0","license_restricted":false}