{"paper_id":"c734ef58-5722-49ca-adc7-1091e98e1fc4","body_text":"Abstract\nEndometriosis is a chronic disease characterized by endometrial tissue located outside of the uterine cavity and is associated with chronic pelvic pain and infertility. However, an in-depth understanding of the pathophysiology of endometriosis is still elusive. It is generally believed that besides ovarian steroid hormones, the growth of endometriosis can be regulated by innate immune system in pelvic microenvironment by their interaction with endometrial cells and immune cells. We conducted a series of studies in perspectives of pelvic inflammation that is triggered primarily by bacterial endotoxin (lipopolysacccharide, LPS) and is mediated by toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and showed their involvement in the development of pelvic endometriosis. As a cellular component of innate immune system, macrophages (Mφ) play a central role in inducing pelvic inflammatory reaction. We further reported here that peritoneal Mφ retain receptors encoding for estrogen and progesterone and ovarian steroids also participate in producing an inflammatory response in pelvic cavity and involved in the growth of endometriosis either alone or in combination LPS. As a pleiotropic growth factor, Mφ-mediated and LPS-stimulated hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) plays significant growth promoting effect on endometriosis. Estrogen-suppressing agent, GnRHa, treatment exhibits local biological effect and is able to decrease tissue inflammation in endometriosis. We describe here the role Mφ and ovarian steroid hormones and orchestrated their involvement in the pathogenesis of endometriosis.\nAccess this chapter\nTax calculation will be finalised at checkout\nPurchases are for personal use only\nSimilar content being viewed by others\nChange history\n10 September 2022\nCorrection to:\nReferences\nBurney RO, Giudice LC. Pathogenesis and pathophysiology of endometriosis. 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The author also cordially thanks Prof. Sun-Wei Guo of Shanghai OB/GYN Hospital, Fudan Medical University, Shanghai, China, for his kind recommendation, stimulating discussion and advice during writing this chapter.\nAuthor information\nAuthors and Affiliations\nCorresponding author\nEditor information\nEditors and Affiliations\nRights and permissions\nCopyright information\n© 2022 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG\nAbout this chapter\nCite this chapter\nKhan, K.N. (2022). Pathogenesis of Endometriosis: Role of Macrophages in Endometriosis. In: Oral, E. (eds) Endometriosis and Adenomyosis. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-97236-3_5\nDownload citation\nDOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-97236-3_5\nPublished:\nPublisher Name: Springer, Cham\nPrint ISBN: 978-3-030-97235-6\nOnline ISBN: 978-3-030-97236-3\neBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)","source_license":"CC0","license_restricted":false}