{"paper_id":"bc807673-220d-4661-be3f-58e8956569e5","body_text":"Abstract\nEndometriosis is one of the most common gynecological inflammatory diseases,\noccurring in adolescents and women in the reproductive age group and leading to infertility. The precise\netiopathogenesis of endometriosis is unknown, but several theories concerning the phenomena involved in its\ndevelopment have been proposed. Beside classic retrograde menstruation, these include lymphatic and\nvascular metastases, iatrogenic direct implantation, coelomic metaplasia, embryonic remnants and\nmesenchymal cell differentiation or induction; the persistence of a form of embryonic endometriosis may also\nbe involved, as well as the theory of the possible role of endometrial stem/progenitor cells. This paper deals\nwith other risk factors which may be potentially involved in the etiopathogenesis of endometriosis, including the\nimmune, inflammatory, endocrine, genetic, anatomical and environmental factors. At present, endometriosis\ncan only be diagnosed with surgery, where laparoscopy is considered a gold standard. Therefore, there is an\nurgent need for a test allowing to detect non-invasive molecular biomarkers to identify the symptoms of\nendometriosis early on in disease development. A thorough understanding of the etiopathogenesis of\nendometriosis is essential toward the development of novel diagnostic assays and effective treatments of the\ndisease.\nKeywords: Pathogenesis of endometriosis, endometriosis risk factors, gynecological disorders, biomarkers.\n62\n6","source_license":"CC0","license_restricted":false}