{"paper_id":"b97af59b-11ea-417e-8172-b0aadd45647a","body_text":"Abstract\nPosttranscriptional gene regulation is a regulatory mechanism which occurs “above the genome” and confers different phenotypes and functions within a cell. Transcript and protein abundance above the level of transcription can be regulated via noncoding ribonucleic acid (ncRNA) molecules, which potentially play substantial roles in the regulation of reproductive function. MicroRNA (miRNA), endogenous small interfering RNA (endo-siRNA), and PIWI-interacting RNA (piRNA) are three primary classes of small ncRNA. Similarities and distinctions between their biogenesis and in the interacting protein machinery that facilitate their function distinguish these three classes. Characterization of the expression and importance of the critical components for the biogenesis of each class in different tissues contributes a clearer understanding of their contributions in specific reproductive tissues and their ability to influence fertility in both males and females. This chapter discusses the expression and potential roles of miRNA, endo-siRNA, and piRNA in the regulation of reproductive function. 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Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 868. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-18881-2_3\nDownload citation\nDOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-18881-2_3\nPublisher Name: Springer, Cham\nPrint ISBN: 978-3-319-18880-5\nOnline ISBN: 978-3-319-18881-2\neBook Packages: Biomedical and Life SciencesBiomedical and Life Sciences (R0)","source_license":"public-domain-us","license_restricted":false}