{"paper_id":"b05d4954-5284-40ca-84d2-2fe022bd1811","body_text":"Abstract\nPurpose of Review\nTo review the current state of terminology, evaluation, and management of abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) in adolescents.\nRecent Findings\nThe current terminology classifies the causes of AUB under the mnemonic “PALM-COEIN”: Polyps, Adenomyosis, Leiomyoma, Malignancy/hyperplasia; Coagulopathy, Ovulatory dysfunction, Endometrial, Iatrogenic, Not yet classified. Heavy menstrual bleeding (HMB) is one manifestation of AUB. Complete menstrual, gynecologic, medical, and family histories, together with a thorough physical exam, are critical to the determination of the underlying cause of AUB. Initial laboratory testing should be guided by the findings of history and physical. Hormonal therapy is the mainstay of acute and chronic management of AUB. Hemostatic treatments could be considered.\nSummary\nThe primary management for AUB is with hormonal medications. Further studies of combining estrogen-containing hormonal management and hemostatic therapies (such as tranexamic acid) are needed given the theoretical concerns about increased risk of thromboembolism in women with difficult to manage AUB.\nSimilar content being viewed by others\nReferences\nPapers of particular interest, published recently, have been highlighted as: • Of importance •• Of major importance\n•• Munro MG, Critchley HO, Broder MS, Fraser IS. FIGO working group on menstrual disorders. FIGO classification system (PALM-COEIN) for causes of abnormal uterine bleeding in nongravid women of reproductive age. Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2011;113(1):3–13. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijgo.2010.11.011. Key paper describing the FIGO classification system of abnormal uterine bleeding.\nAmerican College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. ACOG committee opinion no. 557: management of acute abnormal uterine bleeding in nonpregnant reproductive-aged women. 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Kowalczyk Mullins declare no conflicts of interest.\nEric Mullins reports personal fees from Shire, personal fees from Bayer, outside the submitted work.\nHuman and Animal Rights and Informed Consent\nThis article does not contain any studies with human or animal subjects performed by any of the authors.\nAdditional information\nThis article is part of the Topical Collection on Adolescent Medicine\nRights and permissions\nAbout this article\nCite this article\nMullins, E.S., Miller, R.J. & Mullins, T.L.K. Abnormal Uterine Bleeding in Adolescent Women. Curr Pediatr Rep 6, 123–131 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40124-018-0164-9\nPublished:\nVersion of record:\nIssue date:\nDOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40124-018-0164-9","source_license":"CC0","license_restricted":false}