{"paper_id":"a744183a-0c72-4ba5-af2d-7e33be4b4455","body_text":"Abstract\nOxidative stress is associated with many disease states including gynecologic disease. This process can damage lipids, proteins and DNA. The present study highlights the role of oxidative stress induced DNA damage as measured by 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine in development of benign gynecological conditions (BGC). Our aim was to map the oxidative DNA damage on female reproductive organs and highlight the high amount found in a variety of benign gynecologic disorders. Seventeen biopsy specimens from female pelvic organs were divided in two groups: healthy organs tissue and BGC tissue. Healthy organs biopsy tissue included the cervix, tubes, uterus, peritoneum, and topic endometrium in secretory phase. Benign gynecological biopsy tissue included hydrosalpinges, leiomyoma, adenomyosis and tubal cysts. Immunohistochemical staining showed significantly higher levels of DNA damage between BGC and healthy organs [19.36 % (6.20; 32.51) vs. 4.61 % (0.63; 8.53); P < 0.0344]. Our results highlight the involvement of oxidative stress DNA damage in female benign pelvic disease. Hydrosalpinges, leiomyoma, and adenomyosis exhibit the highest amounts of oxidative DNA damage in the pelvic cavity.\nReferences\nCarvalho L, Podgaec S, Bellodi-Privato M, Falcone T, Abrao MS (2011) Role of eutopic endometrium in pelvic endometriosis. J Minim Invasive Gynecol 18(4):419–427\nDefrere S, Lousse JC, Gonzalez-Ramos R, Colette S, Donnez J, Van Langendonckt A (2008) Potential involvement of iron in the pathogenesis of peritoneal endometriosis. Mol Hum Reprod 14(7):377–385\nGallegos-Arreola MP, Valencia-Rodriguez LE, Puebla-Perez AM, Figuera LE, Zuniga-Gonzalez GM (2012) The TP53 16-bp duplication polymorphism is enriched in endometriosis patients. Gynecol Obstet Invest 73(2):118–123\nKobayashi H, Yamada Y, Kanayama S, Furukawa N, Noguchi T, Haruta S, Yoshida S, Sakata M, Sado T, Oi H (2009) The role of iron in the pathogenesis of endometriosis. Gynecol Endocrinol Off J Int Soc Gynecol Endocrinol 25(1):39–52\nMa H, Wang J, Abdel-Rahman SZ, Boor PJ, Khan MF (2008) Oxidative DNA damage and its repair in rat spleen following subchronic exposure to aniline. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 233(2):247–253\nMatsuzaki S, Schubert B (2009) Oxidative stress status in normal ovarian cortex surrounding ovarian endometriosis. Fertil Steril 93(7):2431–2432\nMiranda SR, Noguti J, Carvalho JG, Oshima CT, Ribeiro DA (2011) Oxidative DNA damage is a preliminary step during rat tongue carcinogenesis induced by 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide. J Mol Histol 42(2):181–186\nPandey KB, Rizvi SI (2010) Markers of oxidative stress in erythrocytes and plasma during aging in humans. Oxid Med Cell Longev 3(1):2–12\nRoth RS, Punch M, Bachman JE (2011) Psychological factors in chronic pelvic pain due to endometriosis: a comparative study. Gynecol Obstet Invest 72(1):15–19\nSampson JA (1927) Metastatic or embolic endometriosis, due to the menstrual dissemination of endometrial tissue into the venous circulation. Am J Pathol 3(2):93–110.43\nSova H, Jukkola-Vuorinen A, Puistola U, Kauppila S, Karihtala P (2010) 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine: a new potential independent prognostic factor in breast cancer. Br J Cancer 102(6):1018–1023\nValavanidis A, Vlachogianni T, Fiotakis C (2009) 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG): a critical biomarker of oxidative stress and carcinogenesis. J Environ Sci Health Part C Environ Carcinog Ecotoxicol Rev 27(2):120–139\nYamaguchi K, Mandai M, Toyokuni S, Hamanishi J, Higuchi T, Takakura K, Fujii S (2008) Contents of endometriotic cysts, especially the high concentration of free iron, are a possible cause of carcinogenesis in the cysts through the iron-induced persistent oxidative stress. Clin Cancer Res Off J Am Assoc Cancer Res 14(1):32–40\nAcknowledgments\nLuiz Fernando Pina de Carvalho was supported by a Brazilian government research grant from “Coordination for the improvement of higher-level personnel” (CAPES).\nConflict of interest\nNone of the authors have conflict of interest.\nAuthor information\nAuthors and Affiliations\nCorresponding author\nRights and permissions\nAbout this article\nCite this article\nde Carvalho, L.F.P., Abrão, M.S., Biscotti, C. et al. Mapping histological levels of 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine in female reproductive organs. J Mol Hist 44, 111–116 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10735-012-9454-7\nReceived:\nAccepted:\nPublished:\nIssue date:\nDOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10735-012-9454-7","source_license":"CC0","license_restricted":false}