{"paper_id":"9fb5e70b-91df-42fd-b026-640227e61872","body_text":"Identification of urine biomarkers of endometriosis—Protein mass spectrometry\nAlenka Višnić\nClinical Hospital Center Rijeka, Clinic for Gynecology and Obstetrics, Institute of Human Reproduction and Endocrinology, Rijeka, Croatia\nSearch for more papers by this authorDubravko Barišić\nSpecial Hospital Radiochirurgia Sveta Nedjelja, Zagreb, Croatia\nSearch for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author\nGordana Čanadi Jurešić\nDepartment of Medical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia\nCorrespondence\nGordana Čanadi Jurešić, Department of Medical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University in Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia.\nEmail: [email protected]\nSearch for more papers by this authorTina Sušanj Šepić\nClinical Hospital Center Rijeka, Clinic for Gynecology and Obstetrics, Institute of Human Reproduction and Endocrinology, Rijeka, Croatia\nSearch for more papers by this authorNeda Smiljan Severinski\nClinical Hospital Center Rijeka, Clinic for Gynecology and Obstetrics, Institute of Human Reproduction and Endocrinology, Rijeka, Croatia\nSearch for more papers by this authorAlenka Višnić\nClinical Hospital Center Rijeka, Clinic for Gynecology and Obstetrics, Institute of Human Reproduction and Endocrinology, Rijeka, Croatia\nSearch for more papers by this authorDubravko Barišić\nSpecial Hospital Radiochirurgia Sveta Nedjelja, Zagreb, Croatia\nSearch for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author\nGordana Čanadi Jurešić\nDepartment of Medical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia\nCorrespondence\nGordana Čanadi Jurešić, Department of Medical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University in Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia.\nEmail: [email protected]\nSearch for more papers by this authorTina Sušanj Šepić\nClinical Hospital Center Rijeka, Clinic for Gynecology and Obstetrics, Institute of Human Reproduction and Endocrinology, Rijeka, Croatia\nSearch for more papers by this authorNeda Smiljan Severinski\nClinical Hospital Center Rijeka, Clinic for Gynecology and Obstetrics, Institute of Human Reproduction and Endocrinology, Rijeka, Croatia\nSearch for more papers by this authorAbstract\nIntroduction\nEndometriosis is a chronic inflammatory disease that leads to a series of pathological reactions. The basis is a changed proinflammatory activated immune system, which results in more pronounced oxidative stress, disturbed function of proteolysis and cell apoptosis. These processes are crucial in the development of the disease because their dysfunctional activities cause the progression of the disease. It is believed that the proteins excreted in the urine interact with each other and promote pathological processes in endometriosis.\nMethods\nWe analyzed the urine proteome of patients and aimed to detect a potential protein biomarker for endometriosis in the urine proteome. We collected urine samples from 16 patients with endometriosis and 16 patients in the control group with functional ovarian cysts. The diagnosis for all patients was confirmed through pathohistological analysis. After the preanalytical preparation of the urine, chromatography and mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) used the technology of urine proteome analysis.\nResults\nThe main finding was a significantly different concentration of 14 proteins in the urine samples. We recorded a considerably higher concentration of proteins that have a significant role in activating the immune system (SELL), iron metabolism (HAMP) and cell apoptosis (CHGA) in endometriosis compared to controls. Proteins having an antioxidant function (SOD1) and a role in proteolysis of the extracellular matrix (MMP-9) were significantly reduced in endometriosis compared to controls.\nConclusion\nConsistent with the known pathogenesis of endometriosis, the study results complement the pathological responses that occur with disease progression.\nCONFLICT OF INTEREST STATEMENT\nAll authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest that are detrimental to the impartiality of the published research.\nDATA AVAILABILITY STATEMENT\nThe authors confirm that the data supporting the findings of this study are available within the article and Table 1.\nSupporting Information\n| Filename | Description |\n|---|---|\n| aji13856-sup-0001-SuppMat.docx37.5 KB | Supporting Information |\nPlease note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. 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