{"paper_id":"9733d12e-8add-49fe-b666-e28637299622","body_text":"Abstract\nObjective\nTo characterize the anatomical features and clinical settings of Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser (MRKH) syndrome and correlate them with patterns of uterine involvement.\nMethods\nPelvic magnetic resonance images and medical records of 92 MRKH patients were retrospectively reviewed. Patients were subgrouped by uterine morphology: uterine agenesis, unilateral rudimentary uterus and bilateral rudimentary uteri. Uterine volume, presence of endometrium, location of ovary, endometriosis and pelvic pain were compared among groups.\nResults\nThe mean uterine volume was 33.5 ml (17.5–90.0 ml) for unilateral uterine remnants, and 16.1 ml (3.5–21.5 ml) for bilateral uterine rudiments (p<0.01). The incidence of presence of endometrium (100% vs. 22%, p<0.001), haematometra (56% vs. 3%, p<0.001) and ovarian endometriosis (22% vs. 3%, p<0.01) was significantly increased in the group of unilateral rudimentary uteri as compared with the group of bilateral uterine remnants. Thirty-one patients (38%) showed ectopic ovaries. Pelvic pain was more common in individuals with unilateral rudimentary uterus than those who had no (56% vs. 5%, p<0.01) or bilateral uterine remnants (56% vs. 14%, p<0.05).\nConclusion\nMRKH patients with different patterns of uterine involvement may have differentiated anatomical features and clinical settings.\nKey Points\n• Rudimentary uteri, especially bilateral rudimentary uteri, were quite common in MRKH syndrome.\n• Uterine remnants can be relatively large, especially the unilateral rudimentary uterus.\n• Presence of endometrium and related complications are not rare in MRKH syndrome.\n• Existence of endometrium and complications are more frequent in unilateral rudimentary uterus.\nSimilar content being viewed by others\nAbbreviations\n- MRKH:\n-\nMayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser syndrome\n- MRI:\n-\nMagnetic resonance imaging\nReferences\nPatnaik SS, Brazile B, Dandolu V, Ryan PL, Liao J (2015) Mayer-Rokitansky-Kuster-Hauser (MRKH) syndrome: a historical perspective. 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Int Urogynecol J 27:839–848\nAcknowledgements\nAn abstract containing similar content was accepted for oral presentation at ECR 2017\nAuthor information\nAuthors and Affiliations\nCorresponding authors\nEthics declarations\nGuarantor\nThe scientific guarantor of this publication is Prof. Jingjing Lu.\nConflict of interest\nThe authors of this manuscript declare no relationships with any companies whose products or services may be related to the subject matter of the article.\nFunding\nThe study was funded by the ‘Excellent Talents of Beijing Dongcheng District program, year 2012 and year 2015’.\nStatistics and biometry\nNo complex statistical methods were necessary for this paper.\nInformed consent\nWritten informed consent was waived by the Institutional Review Board.\nEthical approval\nInstitutional Review Board approval was obtained.\nMethodology\n• retrospective\n• observational\n• performed at one institution\nRights and permissions\nAbout this article\nCite this article\nWang, Y., Lu, J., Zhu, L. et al. Evaluation of Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser syndrome with magnetic resonance imaging: Three patterns of uterine remnants and related anatomical features and clinical settings. Eur Radiol 27, 5215–5224 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00330-017-4919-4\nReceived:\nRevised:\nAccepted:\nPublished:\nIssue date:\nDOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00330-017-4919-4","source_license":"public-domain-us","license_restricted":false}