{"paper_id":"7c750551-01c1-43b8-ac27-6a26bbdb7739","body_text":"Abstract\nEndometriosis is a complex condition with a wide range of clinical manifestations, presenting significant challenges, particularly for young women. Its diverse and often perplexing presentations pose difficulties within the medical community. Laparoscopy remains the gold-standard diagnostic tool for endometriosis. However, alternative diagnostic methods are valuable for monitoring disease progression, assessing the likelihood of recurrence, reducing the need for surgical procedures, and facilitating timely decisions regarding fertility concerns. Recent research highlights the potential of microRNAs (miRNAs) as an alternative diagnostic test for endometriosis. A case-control study was conducted at the infertility unit of Arash Women’s Hospital, involving 50 female participants, 25 with endometriosis and 25 without it. Plasma samples were collected and analyzed for the expression levels of 16 miRNAs using quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Diagnostic accuracy measures were evaluated to establish a reliable and comparable diagnostic framework. Compared to the control group, downregulation of 11 miRNAs and upregulation of 5 miRNAs were observed in the case group. Regarding expression patterns, evidence from this study indicates that half of the evaluated miRNAs fall into the high-agreement category with similar studies. Sensitivity (SN) of the evaluated miRNAs ranged from 64.0% to 88.0%, while specificity (SP) ranged from 56.0% to 88.0%. The area under the curve (AUC) was reported between 0.619 (miR-135a) and 0.846 (miR-340). These findings suggest that the evaluated miRNAs demonstrate moderate to acceptable diagnostic accuracy for endometriosis.\nAcknowledgments\nWe extend our gratitude to all those who have dedicated their time and energy to this study, with special mention to the esteemed colleagues at Arash Hospital, the professors of Tehran University of Medical Sciences, and the respected Professor Abbasali Keshtkar, whose exceptional contributions to the methodology and statistical aspects were invaluable.\nEthics approval\nThe present study was designed as a predetermined investigation and was approved by the institutional review board (IRB) of Tehran University of Medical Sciences under reference number 46868. Approval was granted by the ethics committee of this university with the assigned code IR.TUMS.MEDICINE.REC.1399.009. The article was written in accordance with the standards for reporting diagnostic accuracy studies (STARD) guidelines (Mitchell et al. Citation2008).\nDisclosure statement\nThe authors of this study have no affiliations or financial interests with any companies mentioned in the test methods or elsewhere in the paper. Furthermore, there are no conflicts of interest to report.\nAuthors’ contributions\nProject administration: NT; Conceptualization, methodology: FA; Validation: AM; Supervision, writing – review & editing: TR; Methodology, formal Analysis: MS; Investigation, data curation: FH; Investigation, software, writing – original draft, resources: SDM. Investigation, resources: ShZh; Validation and supervision; SA.\nData availability statement\nAll data pertaining to this study, including information gathering and analysis, may be disclosed and made accessible for review at any time, provided that doing so does not violate any university regulations.","source_license":"public-domain-us","license_restricted":false}