{"paper_id":"74d64c38-c5fa-4d60-b9fb-5a0cf64dc759","body_text":"Abstract\nProlonged treatment with Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone (GnRH) agonists is known\nto induce bone loss among prostate cancer patients. However, evidence on the skeletal effects of\nGnRH antagonists is relatively less well-known. This review aims to examine the effects of GnRH\nantagonists on bone health. GnRH antagonists are an effective treatment for hormone-dependent\nconditions, such as advanced prostate cancer and endometriosis. They induce a competitive and reversible\nGnRH-receptor blockage, thereby suppressing the release of gonadotropins and sex hormones.\nThe sex hormone ablation results in undesirable side effects, including accelerated bone\nloss. In animal studies, treatment with GnRH antagonists is reported to cause deterioration of bone\nmicrostructure. Human clinical trials revealed significant bone loss at the spine, hip and femur in\npatients treated with GnRH antagonists. Thus, osteoporosis and the resultant fragility fractures\npose a significant impact on health and quality of life of GnRH antagonist users. Thus, early preventive\nmeasures of bone loss are critical in preventing fractures and its associated morbidity in these\npatients.\nKeywords: Bone mineral density, estrogen, fracture, osteoporosis, sex hormones, testosterone.\n67","source_license":"public-domain-us","license_restricted":false}