{"paper_id":"70f05121-4da5-424d-a5f4-a9573d1f433c","body_text":"Abstract\nEndometriosis is a common benign disease, which is defined by the presence of endometrial tissue outside the uterus. Primary umbilical endometriosis is a rare disorder, caused by the presence of ectopic endometrial tissue in the umbilicus, which can present as a painful, discolored umbilical nodule. The clinical distinction between umbilical endometriosis and other causes of an umbilical nodule is difficult. Imaging modalities do not show any pathognomonic signs for umbilical endometriosis, which will make the diagnosis even harder to recognize. Treatment with hormones may diminish the symptoms of umbilical endometriosis temporarily, but after discontinuation of the hormonal therapy, they may reoccur. 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