{"paper_id":"6897487b-dc66-46db-81c4-14c7258eaa50","body_text":"FEMALE INFERTILITY\nA STUDY OF SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC AND ETIOLOGICAL PROFILE IN ABBOTTABAD\nDOI:\nhttps://doi.org/10.29309/TPMJ/2018.25.03.386Keywords:\nInfertility, Etiology, FemaleAbstract\nObjectives: To find the prevalence and etiology of female infertility as well as\nto study the associated biochemical abnormalities. Place and Duration of Study: Department\nof Gynecology, Frontier Medical & Dental College, Abbottabad, from July 2016 to June 2017.\nStudy Design: Case-control study. Materials & Methods: All married patients between the\nages of 18-35 years were included in the study. Sixty patients who met eligibility criteria were\nincluded in one group while sixty normal healthy individuals were included in the second group\nas controls. Detailed history was taken focusing specifically on age and duration of marriage,\nmenstrual and sexual history and drug history especially use of contraceptives. A thorough\nclinical examination was performed by an experienced clinician and body mass index was\ncalculated. Laboratory investigations included complete blood examination, hormonal assays,\nultrasonography in female patients and semen analysis in male partners. Tubal patency was\nassessed by hysterosalpingography and laparoscopy was performed, if required. Results: The\nmean age of infertile patients was 27.4±4.9 years and mean duration of their marriage was\n6.6±2.9 years. Majority of patients in our study belonged to lower socio-economic status in\nboth groups. About 50% belonged to lower and 16.67% to poor socio-economic group among\ninfertile subjects while 60% belonged to lower and 10% to poor socio-economic group among\ncontrols. The chief presenting complaint was oligomenorrhea followed by galactorrhea and\ndyspareunia. The chiefunderlying condition was luteal phase deficiency, 60%, followed by\nhyperprolactinemia, 16.66%, and polycystic ovarian disease, 10%, fibroid uterus, 6.7%, and\nendometriosis, 6.7%. The serum estradiol levels were 114.6±48.7pg/ml and 233.2±70.8 pg/\nml in follicular and luteal phase among infertile couples. Similarly, serum progesterone, serum\nprolactin, serum FSH and LH levels were 3.6±4.2 ng/ml, 18.1±12 ng/ml, 6.7±2.7 mIU/ml, and\n7±6.6 mIU/ml among infertile patients respectively. Serum estradiol and prolactin levels were\nsignificantly higher among infertile patients. Conclusion: Infertility is not a very uncommon\ncondition in our country. It is the need of time to increase awareness and educate masses\nabout infertility as well as establish infertility clinics for early detection and treatment of infertile\ncouples. Large scale multi-centric studies should also be conducted to accurately estimate the\nprevalence and etiology of infertility in our region.","source_license":"CC0","license_restricted":false}