{"paper_id":"68935c4e-ded1-4b31-b98f-0ad51534aadb","body_text":"Abstract\nEndometriosis is a common gynecological condition affecting an estimated 2–10% of women of childbearing age. The name of this condition comes from the word “endometrium,” which is the tissue that lines the uterus. It is unusual for endometrial tissue to spread beyond your pelvic region, but it is not impossible. During a woman’s regular menstrual cycle, this tissue builds up and is shed if she does not become pregnant. Women with endometriosis develop tissue that looks and acts like endometrial tissue outside the uterus, usually on other reproductive organs inside the pelvis or in the whole abdominal cavity. Each month, this misplaced tissue responds to the hormonal changes of the menstrual cycle by building up and breaking down just as the endometrium inside the uterus does, resulting in small bleeding inside the pelvis. This means the tissue will grow, thicken, and break down. This leads to inflammation, swelling, and scarring of the normal tissue surrounding the endometriosis implants. Over time, the tissue that has broken down has nowhere to go and becomes trapped in pelvis. When the ovary is involved, blood can become embedded in the normal ovarian tissue, forming a “blood blister” surrounded by a fibrous cyst, called an endometrioma.\nAccess this chapter\nTax calculation will be finalised at checkout\nPurchases are for personal use only\nSimilar content being viewed by others\nReferences\nPinar H, Kodaman MD. Current strategies for endometriosis management. Obstet Gynecol Clin North Am. 2015;42(1):87–101. Epub 2015 Jan 5.\nAzem F, Lessing JB, Geva E, Shahar A, Lerner-Geva L, Yovel I, Amit A. Patients with stages III and IV endometriosis have a poorer outcome of in vitro fertilization–embryo transfer than patients with tubal infertility. Fertil Steril. 1999;72:1107–9.\nSelam B, Arici A. Implantation defect in endometriosis: endometrium or peritoneal fluid. J Reprod Fertil Suppl. 2000;55:121–8.\nPrapas Y, et al. History of endometriosis may adversely affect the outcome in menopausal recipients of sibling oocytes. Reprod Biomed Online. 2012;25:543–8.\nBellelis P, Dias JA Jr, Podgaec S, Gonzales M, Baracat EC, Abrão MS. Epidemiological and clinical aspects of pelvic endometriosis–a case series. Rev Assoc Med Bras. 2010;56(4):467–71. https://doi.org/10.1590/s0104-42302010000400022. English, Portuguese. PMID: 20835646.\nSchliep KC, Mumford SL, Peterson CM, Chen Z, Johnstone EB, Sharp HT, Stanford JB, Hammoud AO, Sun L, Buck Louis GM. Pain typology and incident endometriosis. Hum Reprod. 2015;30(10):2427–38. https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/dev147. Epub 2015 Aug 11. PMID: 26269529; PMCID: PMC4573450.\nGylfason JT, Kristjansson KA, Sverrisdottir G, Jonsdottir K, Rafnsson V, Geirsson RT. Pelvic endometriosis diagnosed in an entire nation over 20 years. Am J Epidemiol. 2010;172(3):237–43. https://doi.org/10.1093/aje/kwq143. Epub 2010 Jul 8. PMID: 20616202.\nDovey S, Sanfilippo J. Endometriosis and the adolescent. Clin Obstet Gynecol. 2010;53(2):420–8. https://doi.org/10.1097/GRF.0b013e3181dbdc61. PMID: 20436319.\nAmerican Academy of Pediatrics, Committee on Adolescence, American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, Committee on Adolescent Health Care. Menstruation in girls and adolescents: using the menstrual cycle as a vital sign. Pediatrics. 2006;118:2245–50.\nKobayashi H, Kawahara N, Ogawa K, Yoshimoto C. A relationship between endometriosis and obstetric complications. Reprod Sci. 2020;27(3):771–8. https://doi.org/10.1007/s43032-019-00118-0. Epub 2020 Jan 6. PMID: 32046459.\nLalani S, Choudhry AJ, Firth B, Bacal V, Walker M, Wen SW, Singh S, Amath A, Hodge M, Chen I. Endometriosis and adverse maternal, fetal and neonatal outcomes, a systematic review and meta-analysis. Hum Reprod. 2018;33(10):1854–65. https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/dey269. PMID: 30239732; PMCID: PMC6145420.\nBerlanda N, Alio W, Angioni S, Bergamini V, Bonin C, Boracchi P, Candiani M, Centini G, D’Alterio MN, Del Forno S, Donati A, Dridi D, Incandela D, Lazzeri L, Maiorana A, Mattei A, Ottolina J, Orenti A, Perandini A, Perelli F, Piacenti I, Pino I, Porpora MG, Scaramuzzino S, Seracchioli R, Solima E, Somigliana E, Venturella R, Vercellini P, Viganò P, Vignali M, Zullo F, Zupi E. Endometriosis Treatment Italian Club (ETIC). Impact of endometriosis on obstetric outcome after natural conception: a multicenter Italian study. Arch Gynecol Obstet. 2022;305(1):149–57. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00404-021-06243-z. Epub 2021 Oct 8. PMID: 34623489.\nAuthor information\nAuthors and Affiliations\nCorresponding author\nEditor information\nEditors and Affiliations\nRights and permissions\nCopyright information\n© 2023 Springer Nature Switzerland AG\nAbout this chapter\nCite this chapter\nBosisio, C., Fusi, F.M., Longhi, E.V. (2023). Endometriosis and Fertility. In: Longhi, E.V. (eds) Managing Psychosexual Consequences in Chronic Diseases. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-31307-3_15\nDownload citation\nDOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-31307-3_15\nPublished:\nPublisher Name: Springer, Cham\nPrint ISBN: 978-3-031-31306-6\nOnline ISBN: 978-3-031-31307-3\neBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)","source_license":"CC0","license_restricted":false}