{"paper_id":"646985e2-606d-490f-91a4-b784f39c96ec","body_text":"Abstract\nThe human endometrium, the innermost lining of the uterus, is the anatomic prerequisite for pregnancy. It is the only dynamic tissue that undergoes more than 400 cycles of regeneration throughout the reproductive life of women. Key to this function are endometrial stem cells as well as cell adhesion molecules. Melanoma cell adhesion molecule (MCAM/CD146/MUC18) is a membrane glycoprotein of the mucin family and a key cell adhesion protein, highly expressed by endometrial cells. CD146 is a significant molecule pivotal in endometrial physiology, assisting tissue regeneration and angiogenesis. Endometrium also acts as a culprit in causing several endometrial dysfunctions, such as endometriosis, endometrial hyperplasia, and endometrial carcinoma, due to interrupted molecular and functional mechanisms. Though most of the endometrial dysfunctions arise as a result of endocrine disturbance, it has a major pathological role associated with angiogenesis. It has already been proven that CD146 is a potential marker for the diagnosis of angiogenic dysfunctions and malignancy, including endometrial cancer. However, its mechanistic role in causing the pathology is a mystery. This chapter explores the role of CD146 in normal and pathological endometrial conditions and the therapeutic implications of CD146.\nAccess this chapter\nTax calculation will be finalised at checkout\nPurchases are for personal use only\nSimilar content being viewed by others\nAbbreviations\n- AA4:\n-\nAnti-CD146 monoclonal antibody clone\n- AA98:\n-\nAnti-CD146 monoclonal antibody clone\n- AKT-mTOR:\n-\nProtein kinase B (Akt)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR)\n- ALCAM:\n-\nActivated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule\n- a-SMA:\n-\nα-smooth muscle actin\n- CAMs:\n-\nCell adhesion molecules\n- C-CAM:\n-\nCell-CAM\n- CCL20:\n-\nChemokine (C-C motif) ligand 20\n- CD146:\n-\nCluster of differentiation 146\n- CSF:\n-\nCerebrospinal fluid\n- EC:\n-\nEndometrial carcinoma\n- ECM:\n-\nExtracellular matrix\n- EH:\n-\nEndometrial hyperplasia\n- EMT:\n-\nEpithelial-mesenchymal transition\n- ERK:\n-\nExtracellular signal–regulated kinase\n- ETTs:\n-\nEpithelioid trophoblastic tumors\n- FSH:\n-\nFollicle-stimulating hormone\n- Gab1:\n-\nGrowth-factor receptor–bound protein 2–associated protein\n- Gai 1/3:\n-\nGelectin 3\n- HUVECs:\n-\nHuman umbilical vein endothelial cells\n- ICAM-1:\n-\nIntercellular adhesion molecule-1\n- IgSF:\n-\nImmunoglobulin superfamily\n- IL10:\n-\nInterleukin 10\n- IUD:\n-\nIntrauterine device\n- JAK1:\n-\nJanus kinase 1\n- kDa:\n-\nKilodalton\n- Ki-67:\n-\nAntigen Kiel 67\n- lg CD146:\n-\nCD146 long isoform\n- LH:\n-\nLuteinizing hormone\n- M2J-1:\n-\nNeutralizing monoclonal antibody\n- mAb:\n-\nMonoclonal antibody\n- MCAM:\n-\nMelanoma cell adhesion molecule\n- MDA-MB-231:\n-\nHuman breast cancer cell line\n- MET-CAM:\n-\nMetastasis cell adhesion molecule\n- MSC:\n-\nMesenchymal stem cells\n- N-CAM:\n-\nNeural cell adhesion molecule\n- NFKB:\n-\nNuclear factor kappa B\n- NG2:\n-\nNeuron glia antigen-2\n- NR4A3:\n-\nNuclear receptor subfamily 4 group A member 3\n- P53:\n-\nTumor protein 53\n- PCOS:\n-\nPolycystic ovarian syndrome\n- PDGFR β:\n-\nPlatelet-derived growth factor receptor beta\n- PSD95:\n-\nDrosophila disc large tumor suppressor\n- PSD95:\n-\nPostsynaptic density protein\n- sCD146:\n-\nSoluble CD146\n- sh CD146:\n-\nCD146 short isoform\n- STAT3:\n-\nSignal transducer and activator of transcription 3\n- TNBC:\n-\nTriple-negative breast cancer\n- VEGF:\n-\nVascular endothelial growth factor\n- WHO:\n-\nWorld Health Organization\n- Wnt/beta:\n-\nWingless-related integration site beta\n- Zo-1:\n-\nZonula occludens-1 protein\nReferences\nAldovini D, Demichelis F, Doglioni C, Di Vizio D, Galligioni E, Brugnara S, Zeni B, Griso C, Pegoraro C, Zannoni M, Gariboldi M (2006) M-CAM expression as marker of poor prognosis in epithelial ovarian cancer. 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(eds) Cell Biology and Translational Medicine, Volume 23. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology(), vol 1474. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/5584_2024_826\nDownload citation\nDOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/5584_2024_826\nPublished:\nPublisher Name: Springer, Cham\nPrint ISBN: 978-3-031-83688-6\nOnline ISBN: 978-3-031-83689-3\neBook Packages: Biomedical and Life SciencesBiomedical and Life Sciences (R0)","source_license":"public-domain-us","license_restricted":false}