{"paper_id":"50347668-a095-46a3-b58b-609637de35d3","body_text":"Abstract\nPolypoid endometriosis is a rare variant characterized by mass-forming endometriosis, often mimicking malignancy. This report describes the case of a postmenopausal woman who presented with an incidental complex adnexal mass and elevated tumor markers. She underwent bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy and mass removal. Frozen section suggested endometriosis with possible serous borderline tumor, prompting staging. Final pathology revealed polypoid endometriosis with areas of endometrioid intraepithelial neoplasia. Polypoid endometriosis may present as a postmenopausal pelvic mass with elevated tumor markers and can contain endometrioid intraepithelial neoplasia.\nKEY POINTS\nPolypoid endometriosis is a rare, mass-forming variant that can closely mimic gynecologic malignancy in peri- and postmenopausal patients.\nDefinitive diagnosis of polypoid endometriosis requires permanent histopathology.\nPolypoid endometriosis may present with elevated CA-125 and CA 19-9.\nPolypoid endometriosis can harbor endometrioid intraepithelial neoplasia, which carries premalignant implications that influence postoperative estrogen management and surveillance.\nDisclosure statement/Funding\nThe planners and faculty for this activity have no relevant financial relationships to disclose. The authors report no funding. The patient consented to publication of this case report.","source_license":"CC0","license_restricted":false}