{"paper_id":"4bf7b69f-75ad-4ea8-878f-655e3fee2889","body_text":"Abstract\nPurpose\nTo investigate possible relationships of interleukin-1Β (IL-1Β, interleukin-6 (IL-6), and growth hormone (GH) with biochemical variables in human follicular fluid (FF) and selected in vitro fertilization (IVF) parameters.\nMethods\nA total of 67 FF samples (n=67 patients undergoing oocyte retrieval for IVF) was evaluated. IL-1Β, IL-6, GH, hLH, FSH, PRL, hCG, testosterone, total protein, fibrinogen, sialic acid, α 1-antitrypsin, plasminogen levels, and spectrophotometric absorbance at 458 nm were analyzed for selected FF. IL-6 and GH levels of serum and FF samples were also compared (n=23).\nResults\nImmunoreactive levels of IL-1Β, IL-6, and GH were detected in all FF samples. A positive correlation existed for IL-6 (r=0.5069, P=0.0161 when serum-to-FF levels were compared (concentration ratio, 1∶1.857). Smaller-volume follicles (<4 ml) were associated with high IL-1Β levels (P=0.0229, and an additional tendency of IL-1Β to decrease with increasing embryo cleavage and scoring was observed. With the exception of a weak positive correlation between follicular IL-1Β and testosterone levels (r=0.3128, P=0.025, no other relationship with biochemical variables or IVF parameters (etiology, e.g., endometriosis) could be implicated.\nConclusions\nSubstantially higher IL-6 levels occurred in FF compared to serum, thus supporting intrafollicular production. Interleukin- 1Β,IL-6, and GH levels in FF are, however, unsuitable markers for in vitro fertilization outcome.\nSimilar content being viewed by others\nReferences\nWolvekamp MCJ, Marquet RL: Interleukin-6: Historical background, genetics and biological significance. Immunol Lett 1990;24:1–9\nArai K, Lee F, Miyajima A, Miyatake S, Arai N, Yokota T: Cytokines: Coordinators of immune and inflammatory responses. 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Hum Reprod 1993;8:68 (abstr 195)\nFukuoka M, Yasuda K, Fujiwara H, Kanzaki H, Mori T: Interactions between interferon gamma, tumour necrosis factor α, and interleukin-1 in modulating progesterone and oestradiol production by human luteinized granulosa cells in culture. Hum Reprod 1992;7:1361–1364\nAuthor information\nAuthors and Affiliations\nRights and permissions\nAbout this article\nCite this article\nHuyser, C., Fourie, F.L.R., Bosmans, E. et al. Interleukin-1Β, interleukin-6, and growth hormone levels in human follicular fluid. J Assist Reprod Genet 11, 193–202 (1994). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02211808\nReceived:\nAccepted:\nIssue date:\nDOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02211808","source_license":"CC0","license_restricted":false}