{"paper_id":"4a2cea39-db9d-456a-a7a0-aedcddc8b780","body_text":"Cultural Differences in Child-Rearing Attitudes Among Uyghur-Turk and Turkish Parents in Türkiye | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Cultural Differences in Child-Rearing Attitudes Among Uyghur-Turk and Turkish Parents in Türkiye Nuresma Orhun, Süheyla Kurum, Nimetcan Mehmet Orhun This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-9376802/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Under Review Version 1 posted 5 You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Objective This study aimed to investigate and compare child-rearing attitudes among Uyghur-Turk migrant and Turkish parents in Türkiye, with a particular focus on cultural differences in parenting styles. Methods This cross-sectional study collected data using an online questionnaire distributed via WhatsApp and social networks, employing convenience and snowball sampling techniques. Parenting attitudes were assessed using the Child Raising Attitude Scale, which consists of 25 items across four dimensions: democratic, authoritarian, preservative, and excessively tolerant. Each item was scored on a four-point Likert scale. Data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 26. Results A total of 301 parents participated in the study, including 150 Turkish and 151 Uyghur-Turk respondents. The mean age was 33.2 ± 5.22 years for Turkish participants and 35.79 ± 8.18 years for Uyghur-Turk participants. Turkish parents demonstrated significantly higher democratic parenting scores, whereas Uyghur-Turk parents had significantly higher authoritarian and excessively tolerant scores (p < 0.001). No statistically significant difference was observed in preservative parenting between the two groups (p > 0.05). Conclusion Significant cultural differences were observed in child-rearing attitudes between Uyghur-Turk and Turkish parents, particularly in democratic, authoritarian, and excessively tolerant parenting styles, while no difference was found in preservative parenting. Uyghur Turk Turkish parents child-rearing attitudes parenting styles cultural differences Türkiye Background Parents' interactions with their children and their positive attitudes are fundamental aspects of child development. A child's development is intertwined with a complex network of relationships [ 1 ]. Parent-child relationships constitute a very special type of relationship in which every human is personally involved[ 2 ]. Family members are linked in important ways through each stage of life, and these relationships are an important source of social connection and social influence for individuals throughout their lives[ 3 ]. Acknowledging that children develop within relationships involving multiple caregivers, such as mothers, fathers, grandparents, and others, highlights the importance of considering the quality of relationships among these adults who jointly raise specific children[ 4 ] , [ 5 ]. Parenting behaviors are largely influenced by social norms and expectations, including community and cultural values, as well as the corresponding social and legal frameworks in which they exist [ 6 ]. Recent studies on parenting styles and children's well-being have highlighted the importance of some parents' ability to engage in reciprocal forms of interaction with their children, including shared positive affect and mutual responsivity[ 7 ]. Parenting style refers to the collection of attitudes and behaviors that parents exhibit toward their children, creating an emotional environment in which these behaviors are demonstrated [ 8 ]. There isn't a sole \"correct\" method of parenting. Various parenting styles exist, including authoritative, authoritarian, attachment, permissive, free-range, helicopter, and uninvolved/neglectful approaches[ 9 ]. Cultural backgrounds have a major impact on how the family unit exists and how children are reared[ 10 ]. Culture plays a role in improving the effect of parenting on children, and this effect is still seen in various cultures in the world[ 11 ]. The discourse around the parent-child relationship has intensified due to its profound impact on children' current and future physical and emotional well-being. While technology evolves rapidly and societal changes influence how parents educate their children, cultural values and beliefs continue to serve as guiding principles in parenting practices in most societies [ 12 ]. Turkish people and Uyghur-Turks share a deep historical connection, reflected in their common Turkic language, ethnicity, and cultural heritage, despite residing in different geographical regions. Many Uyghur-Turks have settled in Türkiye, where this shared heritage has facilitated their integration into Turkish society [ 13 ]. This study aimed to investigate and compare child-rearing attitudes among Uyghur-Turk migrant and Turkish parents in Türkiye, with a particular focus on cultural differences in parenting styles. Material and Methods Research Design This study employed a cross-sectional design to collect qualitative data, which was subsequently analyzed to explore and compare the interactions and attitudes of Uyghur-Turk and Turkish parents toward their children in Türkiye. Data collection took place between July 2023 and November 2023. Sample Size Setting The research focused on Uyghur Turk migrants and Turkish parents living in Türkiye. To participate, individuals had to be Turkish citizens or residents, have a child under 36 months old, be able to read and understand Turkish or Uyghur, be at least 18 years old, and be willing to take part. Those visiting Türkiye for family, relatives, or tourism reasons were excluded. Data Collection The sampling method employed in this study utilized non-probability sampling techniques. Convenience sampling involved collecting data from members of various Uyghur Turk community WhatsApp groups in Türkiye. Snowball sampling, on the other hand, involved obtaining data through referrals from existing participants to their acquaintances or those closest to them, with the goal of expanding the participant pool. The questionnaire was designed using Google Forms and distributed via WhatsApp or WhatsApp groups, as well as through snowball sampling, where previous participants shared the survey link with their relatives or friends. Study tool To assess the parenting attitudes of the study participants, the researchers was utilize the \"Child Raising Attitude Scale\" survey developed by Fatma Elif KILINÇ and Neriman ARA[14]. The scale comprises 25 questions categorized into four dimensions: \"democratic,\" \"authoritarian,\" \"preservative,\" and \"excessive.\" The scale is scored from one to four, with each item rated as follows: \"always\" at four point, \"often\" at three points, \"sometimes\" at two points and \"never\" at one point. A high score in each sub-dimension of the measurement tool, which comprises four sub-dimensions (democratic, authoritarian, preservative, and over-tolerant attitudes), indicates a high level of the characteristics associated with that dimension. The questionnaire was prepared in Turkish and Uyghur language. Data analysis In this study, the data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software program, version 26. Descriptive statistical analysis was performed to examine the distribution of respondents' demographic characteristics. The Chi-Square test was utilized to assess significant differences between variables. Ethical clearance Ethical approval for this study was obtained from Ankara Yıldırım Beyazıt University (approval number: 17.05.2023-103/05). Prior to data collection, participants were informed about the purpose of the study and assured of the confidentiality and anonymity of their responses. Informed consent was obtained electronically, and only participants who indicated their agreement to participate were included in the study. All procedures involving human participants were conducted in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional research committee and the Declaration of Helsinki. Results Data from 150 Turkish and 151 Uyghur Turk individuals were analyzed. The participants' demographic characteristics are summarized in Table 1. Among the Turkish participants, 76% were women, while among the Uyghur participants, 60.9% were women. The mean age of the Turkish participants was 33.2 ± 5.22 years, ranging from 23 to 58 years, and the mean age of the Uyghur participants was 35.79 ± 8.18 years, ranging from 20 to 60 years. Only 3 of the Uyghur participants were widowed, with the rest being married. The majority of both Turkish and Uyghur Turkish participants had more than 12 years of education (82.67% of Turks and 69.54% of Uyghurs). In terms of occupation, 34.7% of the Turkish participants were healthcare workers, while 33.8% of the Uyghurs were housewives. Additionally, 66.6% of the Turks and 53.64% of the Uyghurs were employed. The majority of Turkish participants had one or two children (86%), while two-thirds of Uyghurs had three or more children (64.2%). In terms of financial perceptions, less than half of the participants in both groups believed that their income and current expenses were equal (39.3% of Turkish and 41.1% of Uyghur parents). Among those who did not perceive their income and expenses as equal, Turkish participants mostly indicated that their income was more than their expenses (34.7%), whereas Uyghur participants mostly indicated that their income was less than their expenses (23.8%). Table 1: The demographic characteristics of Turkish and Uyghur Turk participants (n= 301) Factors Turk Uyghur Turk Total N (%) N (%) Gender Male 36 24 59 39,1 95 Female 114 76 92 60,9 206 Age group 20-30 years 52 34,7 45 29,8 97 31-40 years 85 56,7 69 45,7 154 41 years and above 13 8,7 37 24,5 50 Marital Status Married 150 100 148 98 298 Widow 0 0 3 2 3 Education 12 years or less 26 17,33 46 30,46 72 More than 12 years 124 82,67 105 69,54 229 Occupation Housewife 35 23,3 51 33,8 86 Student 0 0 17 11,3 17 Self Employed 12 8 23 15,2 35 Government servant (non- health) 11 7,3 1 0,7 12 Healthcare Worker* 52 34,7 16 10,6 68 Lecturer/ Teacher 25 16,7 16 10,6 41 Other 15 10 27 17,9 42 Working Status Not working 50 33,3 70 46,36 120 Working 100 66,6 81 53,64 181 Number of children ≤2 children 129 86 54 35,8 183 ≥3 children 21 14 97 64,2 118 Income Status Income is less than expenses 39 26 53 35,1 92 Income equals to expenses 59 39,3 62 41,1 121 Income is more than expenses 52 34,7 36 23,8 88 Total 150 100 151 100 301 *doctor, nurse, pharmacist, midwife, dentist, physiotherapist, child development specialist, psychologist, etc. The study investigated the relationship between parenting subdimension scores and sociodemographic factors among Turkish parents. Table 2 presents the statistical results and median scores of parenting sub-dimensions for each factor. Among Turkish participants, having more than 12 years of education was linked to preservative parenting attitudes compared to having 12 years or less (p<0.05). Fathers with 12 years or less of education, and those with 3 or more children, were associated with authoritarian parenting attitudes (p<0.05). In contrast, mothers and those with one or two children were associated with democratic parenting attitudes (p<0.05). Table 2: Relationship between parenting subdimension scores and sociodemographic factors of Turkish participants (N=150) Turkish Parents Preservative Authoritarian Excessive tolerant Democratic Gender Male 15 10 10 18 Female 14 9,5 10 20 P-value 0,09 0,028 0,088 0,032 Age group 20-30 years 14 9,5 10 19 31-40 years 15 10 10 19 41 years and above 15 10 10 19 P-value 0,503 0,339 0,76 0,699 Marital Status Married 14 10 10 19 Widow - - - - P-value - - - - Education 12 years or less 13 11 9 19,5 More than 12 years 15 10 10 19 P-value 0,042 0,039 0,581 0,832 Occupation Housewife 13 11 10 19 Student Self Employed 16 9 9 20 Government servant (non-health) 14 10 10 18 Healthcare Worker* 15 10 10 19 Lecturer/ Teacher 15 9 9 20 Other 16 9 10 21 P-value 0,273 0,245 0,297 0,133 Working Status Not working 13 10 10 19 Working 15 10 10 19 P-value 0,111 0,430 0,776 0,521 Number of children ≤2 children 14 10 10 19 ≥3 children 14 11 10 18 P-value 0,794 0,013 0,763 0,031 Income Status Income is less than expenses 14 10 10 20 Income equals to expenses 15 10 10 19 Income is more than expenses 15 9 9,5 19 P-value 0,488 0,307 0,397 0,275 Total number of participants 150 *doctor, nurse, pharmacist, midwife, dentist, physiotherapist, child development specialist, psychologist, etc. In the Uyghur Turk participants, mothers, belonging to a younger age group, not being employed, and having one or two children were associated with preservative parenting (p<0.05). Additionally, there were statistically significant differences in preservative parenting attitudes based on occupation and income status. Having three or more children and belonging to different age groups were associated with authoritarian parenting (p<0.05). Widowed parents were more excessively tolerant compared to married parents, whereas married parents were more democratic than widowed parents (p<0.05) as shown in Table 3. Table 3. Relationship between parenting sub dimension scores and sociodemographic factors of Uyghur participants (N=151) Uyghur Turk Parents Preservative Authoritarian Excessive tolerant Democratic Gender Male 13 12 12 17 Female 15 12 12 17 P-value 0,029 0,885 0,251 0,256 Age group 20-30 years 16 12 12 17 31-40 years 14 11 12 17 41 years and above 13 13 12 17 P-value 0,018 0,032 0,24 0,589 Marital Status Married 14 12 12 17 Widow 16 12 18 12 P-value 0,366 0,439 0,006 0,009 Education 12 years or less 14,5 12 12 17 More than 12 years 14 12 12 17 P-value 0,534 0,721 0,151 0,305 Occupation Housewife 15 12 12 18 Student 15 12 12 17 Self Employed 13 11 12 16 Government servant (non-health) 9 8 13 15 Healthcare Worker* 14 12 11 16,5 Lecturer/ Teacher 14,5 11,5 11,5 16,5 Other 14 13 12 17 P-value 0,037 0,172 0,406 0,109 Working Status Not working 15 12 12 17,5 Working 14 12 12 17 P-value 0,005 0,190 0,533 0,100 Number of children ≤2 children 15 11,5 12 17 ≥3 children 14 12 12 17 P-value 0,041 0,047 0,681 0,198 Income Status Income is less than expenses 15 12 12 17 Income equals to expenses 14 11 12 17 Income is more than expenses 12 11 11,5 17 P-value 0,041 0,163 0,604 0,797 Table 4 presents a comparison of parenting subdimension scores between Turk and Uyghur Turks. Statistically, the democratic parenting score was significantly higher in Turks, whereas the authoritarian and excessively tolerant parenting scores were significantly higher in Uyghur Turks (p<0.001). No difference was found for the preservative parenting score (p>0.05). Table 4: Comparison of parenting sub dimension scores of Turkish and Uygur Turks Turkish Uyghur Turk p-value Median Min Max Median Min Max Preservative 14 9 24 14 8 23 0,995 Authoritarian 10 6 24 12 7 18 0,001 Excessive Tolerant 10 6 17 12 7 20 0,001 Democratic 19 13 24 17 11 24 0,001 Discussion In this study, we investigated the child rearing attitudes of Uyghur Turk and Turkish parents toward their children in Türkiye. This crucial element of early experiences molds child development and exerts lasting effects across various aspects of a person's life, encompassing mental health, language and cognitive abilities, physical well-being, academic success, and social-emotional skills[ 15 ]–[ 17 ]. The child rearing attitude of parents towards their children is a complex and multifaceted topic that is influenced by various factors such as culture, upbringing, societal norms, and personal experiences. Understanding parental attitudes towards their children is crucial as it can significantly impact the child's development, well-being, and future success. While the parent-child relationship holds universal importance across cultures, specific contexts linked to distinct parenting strategies contribute to culture-specific developmental pathways[ 18 ]. Adults do not engage in parenting in isolation; they always do so within a social and cultural context. Thus, parents and cultures are closely intertwined, as two primary objectives of parenting include transmitting the prevailing culture across generations and integrating the next generation effectively into the existing cultural framework[ 19 ]. Our research revealed no significant difference between Uyghur Turk and Turkish parents regarding preservative parenting style. This finding supports the profound historical connection between the Turkish people and the Uyghur Turks, who share a Turkic language and significant ethnic and cultural similarities. Despite sharing many similar cultural traits, they still exhibit differences due to their geographical separation and the influence of neighboring cultures on their own, one of the finding of the study demonstrated that Uyghur parents more authoritarian, less democratic than Turkish parents, this may due to Uyghur participants may influence strongly Asian culture, all the Uyghur participants in this study were born and group in Uyghur homeland where located center of Asia and they studied at least highs school in Chinese education system. Studies have similarly reported that Asian parents tend to adopt a more authoritarian parenting style[ 20 ]–[ 23 ]. Parenting styles and the relationship between parents and children vary significantly across cultures[ 24 ],[ 25 ]. Since 2017, due to pressuring policies enforced by the Chinese government, we have observed that Uyghur parents exhibit greater tolerance than Turkish parents. This trend may indicate that Uyghur parents have become excessively tolerant towards their children. This shift is influenced by the inability of Uyghur people to communicate with their parents and relatives in their home countries[ 26 ],[ 27 ]. Consequently, their children are deprived of the opportunity to enjoy the companionship of their grandparents and other relatives from back home. Excessive tolerant/Permissive parents prioritize warmth and responsiveness but show minimal control and demands. They tend to avoid confrontation, refrain from asserting authority, and allow their children considerable autonomy in regulating their behavior[ 28 ]–[ 32 ]. Limitations This study has several limitations that should be considered when interpreting the findings. First, the cross-sectional design limits the ability to establish causal relationships between the variables examined. Second, although standardized assessment tools were used, cross-cultural differences in the interpretation of questionnaire items may have influenced the results, making it difficult to distinguish true cultural variation from differences in meaning or perception. Third, the use of non-probability sampling methods, including convenience and snowball sampling, may limit the representativeness of the sample and reduce the generalizability of the findings to all Turkish and Uyghur-Turk parents in Türkiye. Despite these limitations, the study provides valuable insights into cultural variations in parenting attitudes. Future research using longitudinal designs and more representative sampling approaches is recommended to better understand the contextual factors influencing parenting practices across diverse populations. Conclusion This study identified significant differences in child-rearing attitudes between Uyghur-Turk and Turkish parents in Türkiye. Turkish parents demonstrated higher levels of democratic parenting, whereas Uyghur-Turk parents exhibited stronger authoritarian and excessively tolerant tendencies. No significant difference was observed in preservative parenting between the groups. Sociodemographic factors were associated with variations in parenting styles in both populations. Among Turkish parents, gender, education level, and number of children were key determinants, with fathers and those with lower education or larger family size showing more authoritarian tendencies. Among Uyghur-Turk parents, parenting attitudes varied by age, gender, marital status, occupation, employment status, number of children, and perceived income, reflecting a more complex pattern of influence. Overall, these findings highlight the role of cultural and sociodemographic factors in shaping parenting attitudes. Understanding these differences may inform culturally sensitive parenting interventions and support programs for diverse communities in Türkiye. Declarations Ethics approval and consent to participate Ethical approval for this study was obtained from Ankara Yıldırım Beyazıt University (approval number: 17.05.2023-103/05). Prior to data collection, participants were informed about the purpose of the study and assured of the confidentiality and anonymity of their responses. Informed consent was obtained electronically, and only participants who indicated their agreement to participate were included in the study. All procedures involving human participants were conducted in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional research committee and the Declaration of Helsinki. Consent for publication Not applicable Availability of data and materials The datasets generated and/or analyzed during this study are not publicly available due to ethical and confidentiality restrictions but can be obtained from the corresponding author upon reasonable request. Conflict interest The authors declare that they no conflict interest Funding The authors received no financial support. Clinical trial number Not Applicable Author Contributions NO, SK, and NMO conceived and designed the study and were involved in data collection. SK performed the data analysis. All authors contributed to drafting and revising the manuscript, and all authors read and approved the final version. Acknowledgement We extend our sincere gratitude to all study participants. References C. A. Frosch and S. J. 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Early Adolesc. , vol. 11, no. 1, pp. 56–95, Feb. 1991, doi: 10.1177/0272431691111004. J. A. Maccoby, E. E., & Martin, Socialization in the Context of the Family: Parent-Child Interaction . New York: Wiley, 1983. N. Darling, Parenting Style and Its Correlates . ERIC Digest, 1999. G. S. Pettit, J. E. Bates, and K. A. Dodge, “Supportive Parenting, Ecological Context, and Children’s Adjustment: A Seven-Year Longitudinal Study,” Child Dev. , vol. 68, no. 5, p. 908, Oct. 1997, doi: 10.2307/1132041. M. H. Zeller and A. C. Modi, “Psychosocial Factors Related to Obesity in Children and Adolescents,” in Handbook of Childhood and Adolescent Obesity , Boston, MA: Springer US, 2008, pp. 25–42. Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Under Review Version 1 posted Reviewers invited by journal 16 Apr, 2026 Editor invited by journal 14 Apr, 2026 Editor assigned by journal 12 Apr, 2026 Submission checks completed at journal 12 Apr, 2026 First submitted to journal 10 Apr, 2026 You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {\"props\":{\"pageProps\":{\"initialData\":{\"identity\":\"rs-9376802\",\"acceptedTermsAndConditions\":true,\"allowDirectSubmit\":false,\"archivedVersions\":[],\"articleType\":\"Research Article\",\"associatedPublications\":[],\"authors\":[{\"id\":624478439,\"identity\":\"b79fa322-9009-4dae-9125-4efff4a4cda1\",\"order_by\":0,\"name\":\"Nuresma Orhun\",\"email\":\"\",\"orcid\":\"\",\"institution\":\"University of Health Sciences, Ankara\",\"correspondingAuthor\":false,\"prefix\":\"\",\"firstName\":\"Nuresma\",\"middleName\":\"\",\"lastName\":\"Orhun\",\"suffix\":\"\"},{\"id\":624478440,\"identity\":\"81f0ddfd-3f07-462f-8462-d253fe5da9b7\",\"order_by\":1,\"name\":\"Süheyla Kurum\",\"email\":\"\",\"orcid\":\"\",\"institution\":\"Ankara Yıldırım Beyazıt University\",\"correspondingAuthor\":false,\"prefix\":\"\",\"firstName\":\"Süheyla\",\"middleName\":\"\",\"lastName\":\"Kurum\",\"suffix\":\"\"},{\"id\":624478441,\"identity\":\"80a7396e-057c-4ed7-9183-5aa278dbaf53\",\"order_by\":2,\"name\":\"Nimetcan Mehmet Orhun\",\"email\":\"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAA1ElEQVRIiWNgGAWjYNACHgYGfhCdUECsjgNALZINIC0GRGsBYgMQwUCMFnP204mPP8jY5RmfX5344YEBgzy/2AH8Wix7cjcbHOBJLja78XazBNBhhjNnJ+DXYnAgd5vEAR7mxG03zm4AaUkwuE1Iy/m3238c4KlP3Dzj7OYfxGm5kbsNGGKHEzfw924j0haQF87wHE+ccYN3m0WCgQQRfjmfu/FDZU91Yn//2c03f1TYyPNLE9ACBow9QEICrFKCCOVg8AOI+Q8Qq3oUjIJRMApGGgAAsGRKrjC6agkAAAAASUVORK5CYII=\",\"orcid\":\"\",\"institution\":\"Ankara Yıldırım Beyazıt University\",\"correspondingAuthor\":true,\"prefix\":\"\",\"firstName\":\"Nimetcan\",\"middleName\":\"Mehmet\",\"lastName\":\"Orhun\",\"suffix\":\"\"}],\"badges\":[],\"createdAt\":\"2026-04-10 08:39:25\",\"currentVersionCode\":1,\"declarations\":\"\",\"doi\":\"10.21203/rs.3.rs-9376802/v1\",\"doiUrl\":\"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-9376802/v1\",\"draftVersion\":[],\"editorialEvents\":[],\"editorialNote\":\"\",\"failedWorkflow\":false,\"files\":[{\"id\":107723287,\"identity\":\"f4aeeddb-7309-45cc-bbcc-6ac7937777f8\",\"added_by\":\"auto\",\"created_at\":\"2026-04-24 11:27:09\",\"extension\":\"pdf\",\"order_by\":0,\"title\":\"\",\"display\":\"\",\"copyAsset\":false,\"role\":\"manuscript-pdf\",\"size\":580083,\"visible\":true,\"origin\":\"\",\"legend\":\"\",\"description\":\"\",\"filename\":\"manuscript.pdf\",\"url\":\"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-9376802/v1/f4264d0e-f879-48f8-9f00-88f09c1e06e9.pdf\"}],\"financialInterests\":\"No competing interests reported.\",\"formattedTitle\":\"Cultural Differences in Child-Rearing Attitudes Among Uyghur-Turk and Turkish Parents in Türkiye\",\"fulltext\":[{\"header\":\"Background\",\"content\":\"\\u003cp\\u003eParents' interactions with their children and their positive attitudes are fundamental aspects of child development. A child's development is intertwined with a complex network of relationships [\\u003cspan citationid=\\\"CR1\\\" class=\\\"CitationRef\\\"\\u003e1\\u003c/span\\u003e]. Parent-child relationships constitute a very special type of relationship in which every human is personally involved[\\u003cspan citationid=\\\"CR2\\\" class=\\\"CitationRef\\\"\\u003e2\\u003c/span\\u003e]. Family members are linked in important ways through each stage of life, and these relationships are an important source of social connection and social influence for individuals throughout their lives[\\u003cspan citationid=\\\"CR3\\\" class=\\\"CitationRef\\\"\\u003e3\\u003c/span\\u003e]. Acknowledging that children develop within relationships involving multiple caregivers, such as mothers, fathers, grandparents, and others, highlights the importance of considering the quality of relationships among these adults who jointly raise specific children[\\u003cspan citationid=\\\"CR4\\\" class=\\\"CitationRef\\\"\\u003e4\\u003c/span\\u003e]\\u003csup\\u003e,\\u003c/sup\\u003e[\\u003cspan citationid=\\\"CR5\\\" class=\\\"CitationRef\\\"\\u003e5\\u003c/span\\u003e]. Parenting behaviors are largely influenced by social norms and expectations, including community and cultural values, as well as the corresponding social and legal frameworks in which they exist [\\u003cspan citationid=\\\"CR6\\\" class=\\\"CitationRef\\\"\\u003e6\\u003c/span\\u003e]. Recent studies on parenting styles and children's well-being have highlighted the importance of some parents' ability to engage in reciprocal forms of interaction with their children, including shared positive affect and mutual responsivity[\\u003cspan citationid=\\\"CR7\\\" class=\\\"CitationRef\\\"\\u003e7\\u003c/span\\u003e].\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003eParenting style refers to the collection of attitudes and behaviors that parents exhibit toward their children, creating an emotional environment in which these behaviors are demonstrated [\\u003cspan citationid=\\\"CR8\\\" class=\\\"CitationRef\\\"\\u003e8\\u003c/span\\u003e]. There isn't a sole \\\"correct\\\" method of parenting. Various parenting styles exist, including authoritative, authoritarian, attachment, permissive, free-range, helicopter, and uninvolved/neglectful approaches[\\u003cspan citationid=\\\"CR9\\\" class=\\\"CitationRef\\\"\\u003e9\\u003c/span\\u003e]. Cultural backgrounds have a major impact on how the family unit exists and how children are reared[\\u003cspan citationid=\\\"CR10\\\" class=\\\"CitationRef\\\"\\u003e10\\u003c/span\\u003e]. Culture plays a role in improving the effect of parenting on children, and this effect is still seen in various cultures in the world[\\u003cspan citationid=\\\"CR11\\\" class=\\\"CitationRef\\\"\\u003e11\\u003c/span\\u003e]. The discourse around the parent-child relationship has intensified due to its profound impact on children' current and future physical and emotional well-being. While technology evolves rapidly and societal changes influence how parents educate their children, cultural values and beliefs continue to serve as guiding principles in parenting practices in most societies [\\u003cspan citationid=\\\"CR12\\\" class=\\\"CitationRef\\\"\\u003e12\\u003c/span\\u003e]. Turkish people and Uyghur-Turks share a deep historical connection, reflected in their common Turkic language, ethnicity, and cultural heritage, despite residing in different geographical regions. Many Uyghur-Turks have settled in T\\u0026uuml;rkiye, where this shared heritage has facilitated their integration into Turkish society [\\u003cspan citationid=\\\"CR13\\\" class=\\\"CitationRef\\\"\\u003e13\\u003c/span\\u003e]. This study aimed to investigate and compare child-rearing attitudes among Uyghur-Turk migrant and Turkish parents in T\\u0026uuml;rkiye, with a particular focus on cultural differences in parenting styles.\\u003c/p\\u003e\"},{\"header\":\"Material and Methods\",\"content\":\"\\u003cp\\u003eResearch Design\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n\\u003cp\\u003eThis study employed a cross-sectional design to collect qualitative data, which was subsequently analyzed to explore and compare the interactions and attitudes of Uyghur-Turk and Turkish parents toward their children in T\\u0026uuml;rkiye. Data collection took place between July 2023 and November 2023.\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n\\u003cp\\u003eSample Size Setting\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n\\u003cp\\u003eThe research focused on Uyghur Turk migrants and Turkish parents living in T\\u0026uuml;rkiye. To participate, individuals had to be Turkish citizens or residents, have a child under 36 months old, be able to read and understand Turkish or Uyghur, be at least 18 years old, and be willing to take part. Those visiting T\\u0026uuml;rkiye for family, relatives, or tourism reasons were excluded.\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n\\u003cp\\u003eData Collection\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n\\u003cp\\u003eThe sampling method employed in this study utilized non-probability sampling techniques. Convenience sampling involved collecting data from members of various Uyghur Turk community WhatsApp groups in T\\u0026uuml;rkiye. Snowball sampling, on the other hand, involved obtaining data through referrals from existing participants to their acquaintances or those closest to them, with the goal of expanding the participant pool. The questionnaire was designed using Google Forms and distributed via WhatsApp or WhatsApp groups, as well as through snowball sampling, where previous participants shared the survey link with their relatives or friends.\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n\\u003cp\\u003eStudy tool\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n\\u003cp\\u003eTo assess the parenting attitudes of the study participants, the researchers was utilize the \\u0026quot;Child Raising Attitude Scale\\u0026quot; survey developed by Fatma Elif KILIN\\u0026Ccedil; and Neriman ARA[14]. The scale comprises 25 questions categorized into four dimensions: \\u0026quot;democratic,\\u0026quot; \\u0026quot;authoritarian,\\u0026quot; \\u0026quot;preservative,\\u0026quot; and \\u0026quot;excessive.\\u0026quot; The scale is scored from one to four, with each item rated as follows: \\u0026quot;always\\u0026quot; at four point, \\u0026quot;often\\u0026quot; at three points, \\u0026quot;sometimes\\u0026quot; at two points and \\u0026quot;never\\u0026quot; at one point. A high score in each sub-dimension of the measurement tool, which comprises four sub-dimensions (democratic, authoritarian, preservative, and over-tolerant attitudes), indicates a high level of the characteristics associated with that dimension. The questionnaire was prepared in Turkish and Uyghur language.\\u0026nbsp;\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n\\u003cp\\u003eData analysis\\u0026nbsp;\\u003cbr\\u003e\\u0026nbsp;In this study, the data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software program, version 26. Descriptive statistical analysis was performed to examine the distribution of respondents\\u0026apos; demographic characteristics. The Chi-Square test was utilized to assess significant differences between variables.\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n\\u003cp\\u003eEthical clearance\\u0026nbsp;\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n\\u003cp\\u003eEthical approval for this study was obtained from Ankara Yıldırım Beyazıt University (approval number: 17.05.2023-103/05). Prior to data collection, participants were informed about the purpose of the study and assured of the confidentiality and anonymity of their responses. Informed consent was obtained electronically, and only participants who indicated their agreement to participate were included in the study. All procedures involving human participants were conducted in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional research committee and the Declaration of Helsinki.\\u003c/p\\u003e\"},{\"header\":\"Results\",\"content\":\"\\u003cp\\u003eData from 150 Turkish and 151 Uyghur Turk individuals were analyzed. The participants\\u0026apos; demographic characteristics are summarized in Table 1. Among the Turkish participants, 76% were women, while among the Uyghur participants, 60.9% were women. The mean age of the Turkish participants was 33.2 \\u0026plusmn; 5.22 years, ranging from 23 to 58 years, and the mean age of the Uyghur participants was 35.79 \\u0026plusmn; 8.18 years, ranging from 20 to 60 years. Only 3 of the Uyghur participants were widowed, with the rest being married. The majority of both Turkish and Uyghur Turkish participants had more than 12 years of education (82.67% of Turks and 69.54% of Uyghurs). In terms of occupation, 34.7% of the Turkish participants were healthcare workers, while 33.8% of the Uyghurs were housewives. Additionally, 66.6% of the Turks and 53.64% of the Uyghurs were employed. The majority of Turkish participants had one or two children (86%), while two-thirds of Uyghurs had three or more children (64.2%). In terms of financial perceptions, less than half of the participants in both groups believed that their income and current expenses were equal (39.3% of Turkish and 41.1% of Uyghur parents). Among those who did not perceive their income and expenses as equal, Turkish participants mostly indicated that their income was more than their expenses (34.7%), whereas Uyghur participants mostly indicated that their income was less than their expenses (23.8%).\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n\\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cstrong\\u003eTable 1:\\u003c/strong\\u003e The demographic characteristics of Turkish and Uyghur Turk participants (n= 301)\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n\\u003ctable border=\\\"0\\\" cellspacing=\\\"0\\\" cellpadding=\\\"0\\\" width=\\\"100%\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003ctbody\\u003e\\n \\u003ctr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd rowspan=\\\"2\\\" style=\\\"width: 32px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cstrong\\u003eFactors\\u003c/strong\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd colspan=\\\"2\\\" style=\\\"width: 27px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cstrong\\u003eTurk\\u003c/strong\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd colspan=\\\"2\\\" style=\\\"width: 27px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cstrong\\u003eUyghur Turk\\u003c/strong\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd rowspan=\\\"2\\\" style=\\\"width: 12px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cstrong\\u003eTotal\\u003c/strong\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003c/tr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 12px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cstrong\\u003eN\\u003c/strong\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 15px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cstrong\\u003e(%)\\u003c/strong\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 13px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cstrong\\u003eN\\u003c/strong\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 13px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cstrong\\u003e(%)\\u003c/strong\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003c/tr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 32px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cstrong\\u003eGender\\u003c/strong\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 12px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp;\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 15px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp;\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 13px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp;\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 13px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp;\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 12px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp;\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003c/tr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 32px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp; Male\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 12px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e36\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 15px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e24\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 13px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e59\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 13px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e39,1\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 12px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e95\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003c/tr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 32px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp; Female\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 12px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e114\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 15px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e76\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 13px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e92\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 13px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e60,9\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 12px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e206\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003c/tr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 32px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cstrong\\u003eAge group\\u003c/strong\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd colspan=\\\"2\\\" style=\\\"width: 27px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp;\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd colspan=\\\"2\\\" style=\\\"width: 27px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp;\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 12px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp;\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003c/tr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 32px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp; 20-30 years\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 12px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e52\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 15px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e34,7\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 13px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e45\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 13px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e29,8\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 12px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e97\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003c/tr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 32px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp; 31-40 years\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 12px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e85\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 15px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e56,7\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 13px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e69\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 13px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e45,7\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 12px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e154\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003c/tr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 32px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp; 41 years and above\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 12px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e13\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 15px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e8,7\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 13px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e37\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 13px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e24,5\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 12px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e50\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003c/tr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 32px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cstrong\\u003eMarital Status\\u003c/strong\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 12px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp;\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 15px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp;\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 13px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp;\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 13px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp;\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 12px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp;\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003c/tr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 32px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp; Married\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 12px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e150\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 15px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e100\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 13px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e148\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 13px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e98\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 12px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e298\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003c/tr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 32px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp; Widow\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 12px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e0\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 15px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e0\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 13px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e3\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 13px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e2\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 12px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e3\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003c/tr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 32px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cstrong\\u003eEducation\\u0026nbsp;\\u003c/strong\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 12px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp;\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 15px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp;\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 13px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp;\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 13px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp;\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 12px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp;\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003c/tr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 32px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp; 12 years or less\\u0026nbsp;\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 12px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e26\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 15px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e17,33\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 13px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e46\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 13px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e30,46\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 12px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e72\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003c/tr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 32px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp; \\u0026nbsp;More than 12 years\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 12px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e124\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 15px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e82,67\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 13px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e105\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 13px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e69,54\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 12px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e229\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003c/tr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 32px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cstrong\\u003eOccupation\\u003c/strong\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 12px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp;\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 15px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp;\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 13px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp;\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 13px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp;\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 12px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp;\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003c/tr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 32px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp; Housewife\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 12px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e35\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 15px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e23,3\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 13px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e51\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 13px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e33,8\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 12px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e86\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003c/tr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 32px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp; Student\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 12px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e0\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 15px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e0\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 13px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e17\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 13px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e11,3\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 12px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e17\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003c/tr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 32px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp; Self Employed\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 12px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e12\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 15px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e8\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 13px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e23\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 13px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e15,2\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 12px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e35\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003c/tr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 32px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp; Government servant (non- \\u0026nbsp; \\u0026nbsp;health)\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 12px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e11\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 15px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e7,3\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 13px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e1\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 13px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e0,7\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 12px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e12\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003c/tr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 32px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp; Healthcare Worker*\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 12px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e52\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 15px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e34,7\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 13px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e16\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 13px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e10,6\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 12px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e68\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003c/tr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 32px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp; Lecturer/ Teacher\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 12px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e25\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 15px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e16,7\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 13px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e16\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 13px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e10,6\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 12px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e41\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003c/tr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 32px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp; Other\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 12px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e15\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 15px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e10\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 13px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e27\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 13px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e17,9\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 12px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e42\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003c/tr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 32px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cstrong\\u003eWorking Status\\u003c/strong\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 12px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp;\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 15px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp;\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 13px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp;\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 13px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp;\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 12px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp;\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003c/tr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 32px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp; Not working\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 12px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e50\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 15px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e33,3\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 13px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e70\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 13px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e46,36\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 12px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e120\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003c/tr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 32px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp; Working\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 12px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e100\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 15px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e66,6\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 13px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e81\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 13px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e53,64\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 12px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e181\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003c/tr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 32px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cstrong\\u003eNumber of children\\u003c/strong\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 12px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp;\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 15px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp;\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 13px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp;\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 13px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp;\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 12px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp;\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003c/tr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 32px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp; \\u0026le;2 children\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 12px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e129\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 15px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e86\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 13px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e54\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 13px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e35,8\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 12px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e183\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003c/tr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 32px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp; \\u0026ge;3 children\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 12px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e21\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 15px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e14\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 13px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e97\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 13px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e64,2\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 12px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e118\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003c/tr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 32px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cstrong\\u003eIncome Status\\u003c/strong\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 12px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp;\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 15px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp;\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 13px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp;\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 13px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp;\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 12px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp;\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003c/tr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 32px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp; Income is less than expenses\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 12px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e39\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 15px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e26\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 13px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e53\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 13px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e35,1\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 12px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e92\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003c/tr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 32px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp; Income equals to expenses\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 12px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e59\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 15px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e39,3\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 13px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e62\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 13px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e41,1\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 12px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e121\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003c/tr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 32px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp; Income is more than expenses\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 12px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e52\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 15px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e34,7\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 13px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e36\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 13px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e23,8\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 12px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e88\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003c/tr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 32px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cstrong\\u003eTotal\\u003c/strong\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 12px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e150\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 15px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e100\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 13px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e151\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 13px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e100\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 12px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e301\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003c/tr\\u003e\\n \\u003c/tbody\\u003e\\n\\u003c/table\\u003e\\n\\u003cp\\u003e*doctor, nurse, pharmacist, midwife, dentist, physiotherapist, child development specialist, psychologist, etc.\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n\\u003cp\\u003eThe study investigated the relationship between parenting subdimension scores and sociodemographic factors among Turkish parents. Table 2 presents the statistical results and median scores of parenting sub-dimensions for each factor. Among Turkish participants, having more than 12 years of education was linked to preservative parenting attitudes compared to having 12 years or less (p\\u0026lt;0.05). Fathers with 12 years or less of education, and those with 3 or more children, were associated with authoritarian parenting attitudes (p\\u0026lt;0.05). In contrast, mothers and those with one or two children were associated with democratic parenting attitudes (p\\u0026lt;0.05).\\u0026nbsp;\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n\\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cstrong\\u003eTable 2:\\u003c/strong\\u003e Relationship between parenting subdimension scores and sociodemographic factors of Turkish participants (N=150)\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n\\u003ctable border=\\\"1\\\" cellspacing=\\\"0\\\" cellpadding=\\\"0\\\" width=\\\"100%\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003ctbody\\u003e\\n \\u003ctr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd rowspan=\\\"2\\\" valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 20px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cstrong\\u003e\\u0026nbsp;\\u003c/strong\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd colspan=\\\"4\\\" valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 79px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cstrong\\u003eTurkish Parents\\u003c/strong\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003c/tr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 20px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cstrong\\u003ePreservative\\u003c/strong\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 22px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cstrong\\u003eAuthoritarian\\u003c/strong\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 16px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cstrong\\u003eExcessive tolerant\\u003c/strong\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 19px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cstrong\\u003eDemocratic\\u003c/strong\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003c/tr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 20px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cstrong\\u003eGender\\u003c/strong\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 20px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp;\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 22px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp;\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 16px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp;\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 19px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp;\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003c/tr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 20px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp; Male\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 20px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e15\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 22px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e10\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 16px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e10\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 19px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e18\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003c/tr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 20px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp;Female\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 20px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e14\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 22px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e9,5\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 16px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e10\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 19px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e20\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003c/tr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 20px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp; P-value\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 20px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e0,09\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 22px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cstrong\\u003e0,028\\u003c/strong\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 16px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e0,088\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 19px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cstrong\\u003e0,032\\u003c/strong\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003c/tr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 20px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cstrong\\u003eAge group\\u003c/strong\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd colspan=\\\"2\\\" valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 43px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp;\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 16px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp;\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 19px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp;\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003c/tr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 20px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp; 20-30 years\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 20px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e14\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 22px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e9,5\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 16px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e10\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 19px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e19\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003c/tr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 20px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp; 31-40 years\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 20px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e15\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 22px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e10\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 16px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e10\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 19px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e19\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003c/tr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 20px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp; 41 years and above\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 20px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e15\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 22px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e10\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 16px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e10\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 19px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e19\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003c/tr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 20px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp; P-value\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 20px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e0,503\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 22px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e0,339\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 16px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e0,76\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 19px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e0,699\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003c/tr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 20px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cstrong\\u003eMarital Status\\u003c/strong\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 20px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp;\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 22px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp;\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 16px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp;\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 19px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp;\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003c/tr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 20px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp; Married\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 20px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e14\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 22px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e10\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 16px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e10\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 19px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e19\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003c/tr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 20px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp; Widow\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 20px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e-\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 22px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e-\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 16px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e-\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 19px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e-\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003c/tr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 20px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp; P-value\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 20px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e-\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 22px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e-\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 16px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e-\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 19px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e-\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003c/tr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 20px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cstrong\\u003eEducation\\u0026nbsp;\\u003c/strong\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 20px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp;\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 22px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp;\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 16px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp;\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 19px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp;\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003c/tr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 20px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp; 12 years or less\\u0026nbsp;\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 20px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e13\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 22px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e11\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 16px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e9\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 19px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e19,5\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003c/tr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 20px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp; More than 12 years\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 20px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e15\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 22px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e10\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 16px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e10\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 19px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e19\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003c/tr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 20px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp; \\u0026nbsp;P-value\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 20px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cstrong\\u003e0,042\\u003c/strong\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 22px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cstrong\\u003e0,039\\u003c/strong\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 16px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e0,581\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 19px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e0,832\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003c/tr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 20px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cstrong\\u003eOccupation\\u003c/strong\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 20px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp;\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 22px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp;\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 16px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp;\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 19px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp;\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003c/tr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 20px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp; Housewife\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 20px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e13\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 22px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e11\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 16px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e10\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 19px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e19\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003c/tr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 20px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp; Student\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 20px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp;\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 22px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp;\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 16px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp;\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 19px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp;\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003c/tr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 20px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp; Self Employed\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 20px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e16\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 22px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e9\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 16px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e9\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 19px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e20\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003c/tr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 20px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp; Government servant (non-health)\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 20px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e14\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 22px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e10\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 16px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e10\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 19px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e18\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003c/tr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 20px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp; Healthcare Worker*\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 20px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e15\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 22px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e10\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 16px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e10\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 19px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e19\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003c/tr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 20px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp; Lecturer/ Teacher\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 20px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e15\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 22px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e9\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 16px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e9\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 19px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e20\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003c/tr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 20px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp; Other\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 20px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e16\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 22px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e9\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 16px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e10\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 19px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e21\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003c/tr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 20px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp; P-value\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 20px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e0,273\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 22px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e0,245\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 16px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e0,297\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 19px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e0,133\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003c/tr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 20px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cstrong\\u003eWorking Status\\u003c/strong\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 20px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp;\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 22px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp;\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 16px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp;\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 19px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp;\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003c/tr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 20px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp; Not working\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 20px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e13\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 22px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e10\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 16px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e10\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 19px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e19\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003c/tr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 20px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp; Working\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 20px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e15\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 22px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e10\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 16px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e10\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 19px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e19\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003c/tr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 20px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp; P-value\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 20px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e0,111\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 22px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e0,430\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 16px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e0,776\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 19px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e0,521\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003c/tr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 20px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cstrong\\u003eNumber of children\\u003c/strong\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 20px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp;\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 22px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp;\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 16px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp;\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 19px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp;\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003c/tr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 20px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp; \\u0026le;2 children\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 20px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e14\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 22px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e10\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 16px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e10\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 19px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e19\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003c/tr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 20px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp; \\u0026ge;3 children\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 20px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e14\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 22px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e11\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 16px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e10\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 19px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e18\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003c/tr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 20px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp; P-value\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 20px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e0,794\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 22px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cstrong\\u003e0,013\\u003c/strong\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 16px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e0,763\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 19px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cstrong\\u003e0,031\\u003c/strong\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003c/tr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 20px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cstrong\\u003eIncome Status\\u003c/strong\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 20px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp;\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 22px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp;\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 16px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp;\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 19px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp;\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003c/tr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 20px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp; Income is less than expenses\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 20px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e14\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 22px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e10\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 16px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e10\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 19px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e20\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003c/tr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 20px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp; Income equals to expenses\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 20px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e15\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 22px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e10\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 16px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e10\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 19px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e19\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003c/tr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 20px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp; Income is more than expenses\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 20px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e15\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 22px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e9\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 16px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e9,5\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 19px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e19\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003c/tr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 20px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp; \\u0026nbsp;P-value\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 20px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e0,488\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 22px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e0,307\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 16px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e0,397\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 19px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e0,275\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003c/tr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 20px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cstrong\\u003eTotal number of participants\\u003c/strong\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd colspan=\\\"4\\\" valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 79px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e150\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003c/tr\\u003e\\n \\u003c/tbody\\u003e\\n\\u003c/table\\u003e\\n\\u003cp\\u003e*doctor, nurse, pharmacist, midwife, dentist, physiotherapist, child development specialist, psychologist, etc.\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n\\u003cp\\u003eIn the Uyghur Turk participants, mothers, belonging to a younger age group, not being employed, and having one or two children were associated with preservative parenting (p\\u0026lt;0.05). Additionally, there were statistically significant differences in preservative parenting attitudes based on occupation and income status. Having three or more children and belonging to different age groups were associated with authoritarian parenting (p\\u0026lt;0.05). Widowed parents were more excessively tolerant compared to married parents, whereas married parents were more democratic than widowed parents (p\\u0026lt;0.05) as shown in Table 3.\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n\\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cstrong\\u003eTable 3.\\u003c/strong\\u003e Relationship between parenting sub dimension scores and sociodemographic factors of Uyghur participants (N=151)\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n\\u003ctable border=\\\"1\\\" cellspacing=\\\"0\\\" cellpadding=\\\"0\\\" width=\\\"100%\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003ctbody\\u003e\\n \\u003ctr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd rowspan=\\\"2\\\" valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 20px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cstrong\\u003e\\u0026nbsp;\\u003c/strong\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd colspan=\\\"4\\\" valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 79px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cstrong\\u003eUyghur Turk Parents\\u003c/strong\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003c/tr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 21px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cstrong\\u003ePreservative\\u003c/strong\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 22px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cstrong\\u003eAuthoritarian\\u003c/strong\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 16px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cstrong\\u003eExcessive tolerant\\u003c/strong\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 19px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cstrong\\u003eDemocratic\\u003c/strong\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003c/tr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 20px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cstrong\\u003eGender\\u003c/strong\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 21px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp;\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 22px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp;\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 16px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp;\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 19px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp;\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003c/tr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 20px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp; Male\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 21px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e13\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 22px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e12\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 16px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e12\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 19px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e17\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003c/tr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 20px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp;Female\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 21px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e15\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 22px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e12\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 16px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e12\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 19px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e17\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003c/tr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 20px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp; P-value\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 21px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cstrong\\u003e0,029\\u003c/strong\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 22px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e0,885\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 16px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e0,251\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 19px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e0,256\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003c/tr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 20px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cstrong\\u003eAge group\\u003c/strong\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd colspan=\\\"2\\\" valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 43px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp;\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 16px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp;\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 19px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp;\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003c/tr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 20px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp; 20-30 years\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 21px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e16\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 22px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e12\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 16px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e12\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 19px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e17\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003c/tr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 20px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp; 31-40 years\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 21px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e14\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 22px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e11\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 16px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e12\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 19px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e17\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003c/tr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 20px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp; 41 years and above\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 21px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e13\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 22px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e13\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 16px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e12\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 19px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e17\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003c/tr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 20px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp; P-value\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 21px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cstrong\\u003e0,018\\u003c/strong\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 22px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cstrong\\u003e0,032\\u003c/strong\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 16px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e0,24\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 19px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e0,589\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003c/tr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 20px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cstrong\\u003eMarital Status\\u003c/strong\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 21px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp;\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 22px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp;\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 16px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp;\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 19px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp;\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003c/tr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 20px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp; Married\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 21px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e14\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 22px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e12\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 16px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e12\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 19px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e17\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003c/tr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 20px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp; Widow\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 21px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e16\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 22px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e12\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 16px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e18\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 19px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e12\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003c/tr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 20px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp; P-value\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 21px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e0,366\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 22px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e0,439\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 16px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cstrong\\u003e0,006\\u003c/strong\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 19px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cstrong\\u003e0,009\\u003c/strong\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003c/tr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 20px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cstrong\\u003eEducation\\u0026nbsp;\\u003c/strong\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 21px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp;\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 22px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp;\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 16px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp;\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 19px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp;\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003c/tr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 20px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp; 12 years or less\\u0026nbsp;\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 21px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e14,5\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 22px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e12\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 16px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e12\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 19px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e17\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003c/tr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 20px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp; More than 12 years\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 21px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e14\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 22px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e12\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 16px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e12\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 19px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e17\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003c/tr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 20px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp; \\u0026nbsp;P-value\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 21px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e0,534\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 22px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e0,721\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 16px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e0,151\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 19px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e0,305\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003c/tr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 20px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cstrong\\u003eOccupation\\u003c/strong\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 21px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp;\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 22px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp;\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 16px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp;\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 19px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp;\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003c/tr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 20px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp; Housewife\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 21px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e15\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 22px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e12\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 16px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e12\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 19px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e18\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003c/tr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 20px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp; Student\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 21px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e15\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 22px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e12\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 16px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e12\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 19px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e17\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003c/tr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 20px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp; Self Employed\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 21px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e13\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 22px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e11\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 16px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e12\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 19px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e16\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003c/tr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 20px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp; Government servant (non-health)\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 21px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e9\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 22px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e8\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 16px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e13\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 19px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e15\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003c/tr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 20px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp; Healthcare Worker*\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 21px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e14\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 22px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e12\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 16px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e11\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 19px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e16,5\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003c/tr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 20px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp; Lecturer/ Teacher\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 21px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e14,5\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 22px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e11,5\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 16px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e11,5\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 19px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e16,5\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003c/tr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 20px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp; Other\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 21px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e14\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 22px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e13\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 16px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e12\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 19px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e17\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003c/tr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 20px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp; P-value\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 21px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cstrong\\u003e0,037\\u003c/strong\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 22px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e0,172\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 16px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e0,406\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 19px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e0,109\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003c/tr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 20px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cstrong\\u003eWorking Status\\u003c/strong\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 21px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp;\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 22px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp;\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 16px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp;\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 19px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp;\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003c/tr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 20px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp; Not working\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 21px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e15\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 22px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e12\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 16px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e12\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 19px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e17,5\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003c/tr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 20px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp; Working\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 21px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e14\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 22px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e12\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 16px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e12\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 19px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e17\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003c/tr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 20px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp; P-value\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 21px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cstrong\\u003e0,005\\u003c/strong\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 22px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e0,190\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 16px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e0,533\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 19px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e0,100\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003c/tr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 20px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cstrong\\u003eNumber of children\\u003c/strong\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 21px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp;\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 22px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp;\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 16px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp;\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 19px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp;\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003c/tr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 20px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp; \\u0026le;2 children\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 21px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e15\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 22px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e11,5\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 16px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e12\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 19px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e17\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003c/tr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 20px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp; \\u0026ge;3 children\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 21px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e14\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 22px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e12\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 16px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e12\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 19px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e17\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003c/tr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 20px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp; P-value\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 21px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cstrong\\u003e0,041\\u003c/strong\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 22px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cstrong\\u003e0,047\\u003c/strong\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 16px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e0,681\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 19px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e0,198\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003c/tr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 20px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cstrong\\u003eIncome Status\\u003c/strong\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 21px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp;\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 22px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp;\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 16px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp;\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 19px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp;\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003c/tr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 20px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp; Income is less than expenses\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 21px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e15\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 22px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e12\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 16px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e12\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 19px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e17\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003c/tr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 20px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp; Income equals to expenses\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 21px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e14\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 22px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e11\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 16px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e12\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 19px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e17\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003c/tr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 20px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp; Income is more than expenses\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 21px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e12\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 22px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e11\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 16px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e11,5\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 19px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e17\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003c/tr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 20px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp; \\u0026nbsp;P-value\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 21px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cstrong\\u003e0,041\\u003c/strong\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 22px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e0,163\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 16px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e0,604\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd valign=\\\"top\\\" style=\\\"width: 19px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e0,797\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003c/tr\\u003e\\n \\u003c/tbody\\u003e\\n\\u003c/table\\u003e\\n\\u003cp\\u003eTable 4 presents a comparison of parenting subdimension scores between Turk and Uyghur Turks. Statistically, the democratic parenting score was significantly higher in Turks, whereas the authoritarian and excessively tolerant parenting scores were significantly higher in Uyghur Turks (p\\u0026lt;0.001). No difference was found for the preservative parenting score (p\\u0026gt;0.05).\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n\\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cstrong\\u003eTable 4:\\u003c/strong\\u003e Comparison of parenting sub dimension scores of Turkish and Uygur Turks\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n\\u003ctable border=\\\"0\\\" cellspacing=\\\"0\\\" cellpadding=\\\"0\\\" width=\\\"100%\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003ctbody\\u003e\\n \\u003ctr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 22px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cstrong\\u003e\\u0026nbsp;\\u003c/strong\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd colspan=\\\"3\\\" style=\\\"width: 29px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cstrong\\u003eTurkish\\u003c/strong\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cstrong\\u003e\\u0026nbsp;\\u003c/strong\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd colspan=\\\"3\\\" style=\\\"width: 27px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cstrong\\u003eUyghur Turk\\u003c/strong\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cstrong\\u003e\\u0026nbsp;\\u003c/strong\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd rowspan=\\\"2\\\" style=\\\"width: 21px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cstrong\\u003ep-value\\u003c/strong\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003c/tr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 22px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cstrong\\u003e\\u0026nbsp;\\u003c/strong\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 11px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cstrong\\u003eMedian\\u003c/strong\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 9px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cstrong\\u003eMin\\u003c/strong\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 8px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cstrong\\u003eMax\\u003c/strong\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 10px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cstrong\\u003eMedian\\u003c/strong\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 8px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cstrong\\u003eMin\\u003c/strong\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 8px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cstrong\\u003eMax\\u003c/strong\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003c/tr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 22px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cstrong\\u003ePreservative\\u003c/strong\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 11px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e14\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 9px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e9\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 8px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e24\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 10px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e14\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 8px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e8\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 8px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e23\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 21px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e0,995\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003c/tr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 22px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cstrong\\u003eAuthoritarian\\u003c/strong\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 11px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e10\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 9px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e6\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 8px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e24\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 10px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e12\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 8px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e7\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 8px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e18\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 21px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cstrong\\u003e0,001\\u003c/strong\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003c/tr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 22px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cstrong\\u003eExcessive Tolerant\\u003c/strong\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 11px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e10\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 9px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e6\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 8px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e17\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 10px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e12\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 8px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e7\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 8px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e20\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 21px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cstrong\\u003e0,001\\u003c/strong\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003c/tr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctr\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 22px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cstrong\\u003eDemocratic\\u003c/strong\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 11px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e19\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 9px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e13\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 8px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e24\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 10px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e17\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 8px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e11\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 8px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e24\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003ctd style=\\\"width: 21px;\\\"\\u003e\\n \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cstrong\\u003e0,001\\u003c/strong\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n \\u003c/td\\u003e\\n \\u003c/tr\\u003e\\n \\u003c/tbody\\u003e\\n\\u003c/table\\u003e\\n\\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp;\\u003c/p\\u003e\"},{\"header\":\"Discussion\",\"content\":\"\\u003cp\\u003eIn this study, we investigated the child rearing attitudes of Uyghur Turk and Turkish parents toward their children in T\\u0026uuml;rkiye. This crucial element of early experiences molds child development and exerts lasting effects across various aspects of a person's life, encompassing mental health, language and cognitive abilities, physical well-being, academic success, and social-emotional skills[\\u003cspan additionalcitationids=\\\"CR16\\\" citationid=\\\"CR15\\\" class=\\\"CitationRef\\\"\\u003e15\\u003c/span\\u003e]\\u0026ndash;[\\u003cspan citationid=\\\"CR17\\\" class=\\\"CitationRef\\\"\\u003e17\\u003c/span\\u003e]. The child rearing attitude of parents towards their children is a complex and multifaceted topic that is influenced by various factors such as culture, upbringing, societal norms, and personal experiences. Understanding parental attitudes towards their children is crucial as it can significantly impact the child's development, well-being, and future success. While the parent-child relationship holds universal importance across cultures, specific contexts linked to distinct parenting strategies contribute to culture-specific developmental pathways[\\u003cspan citationid=\\\"CR18\\\" class=\\\"CitationRef\\\"\\u003e18\\u003c/span\\u003e]. Adults do not engage in parenting in isolation; they always do so within a social and cultural context. Thus, parents and cultures are closely intertwined, as two primary objectives of parenting include transmitting the prevailing culture across generations and integrating the next generation effectively into the existing cultural framework[\\u003cspan citationid=\\\"CR19\\\" class=\\\"CitationRef\\\"\\u003e19\\u003c/span\\u003e].\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003eOur research revealed no significant difference between Uyghur Turk and Turkish parents regarding preservative parenting style. This finding supports the profound historical connection between the Turkish people and the Uyghur Turks, who share a Turkic language and significant ethnic and cultural similarities. Despite sharing many similar cultural traits, they still exhibit differences due to their geographical separation and the influence of neighboring cultures on their own, one of the finding of the study demonstrated that Uyghur parents more authoritarian, less democratic than Turkish parents, this may due to Uyghur participants may influence strongly Asian culture, all the Uyghur participants in this study were born and group in Uyghur homeland where located center of Asia and they studied at least highs school in Chinese education system. Studies have similarly reported that Asian parents tend to adopt a more authoritarian parenting style[\\u003cspan additionalcitationids=\\\"CR21 CR22\\\" citationid=\\\"CR20\\\" class=\\\"CitationRef\\\"\\u003e20\\u003c/span\\u003e]\\u0026ndash;[\\u003cspan citationid=\\\"CR23\\\" class=\\\"CitationRef\\\"\\u003e23\\u003c/span\\u003e]. Parenting styles and the relationship between parents and children vary significantly across cultures[\\u003cspan citationid=\\\"CR24\\\" class=\\\"CitationRef\\\"\\u003e24\\u003c/span\\u003e],[\\u003cspan citationid=\\\"CR25\\\" class=\\\"CitationRef\\\"\\u003e25\\u003c/span\\u003e]. Since 2017, due to pressuring policies enforced by the Chinese government, we have observed that Uyghur parents exhibit greater tolerance than Turkish parents. This trend may indicate that Uyghur parents have become excessively tolerant towards their children. This shift is influenced by the inability of Uyghur people to communicate with their parents and relatives in their home countries[\\u003cspan citationid=\\\"CR26\\\" class=\\\"CitationRef\\\"\\u003e26\\u003c/span\\u003e],[\\u003cspan citationid=\\\"CR27\\\" class=\\\"CitationRef\\\"\\u003e27\\u003c/span\\u003e]. Consequently, their children are deprived of the opportunity to enjoy the companionship of their grandparents and other relatives from back home. Excessive tolerant/Permissive parents prioritize warmth and responsiveness but show minimal control and demands. They tend to avoid confrontation, refrain from asserting authority, and allow their children considerable autonomy in regulating their behavior[\\u003cspan additionalcitationids=\\\"CR29 CR30 CR31\\\" citationid=\\\"CR28\\\" class=\\\"CitationRef\\\"\\u003e28\\u003c/span\\u003e]\\u0026ndash;[\\u003cspan citationid=\\\"CR32\\\" class=\\\"CitationRef\\\"\\u003e32\\u003c/span\\u003e].\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n\\u003ch3\\u003eLimitations\\u003c/h3\\u003e\\n\\u003cp\\u003eThis study has several limitations that should be considered when interpreting the findings. First, the cross-sectional design limits the ability to establish causal relationships between the variables examined. Second, although standardized assessment tools were used, cross-cultural differences in the interpretation of questionnaire items may have influenced the results, making it difficult to distinguish true cultural variation from differences in meaning or perception. Third, the use of non-probability sampling methods, including convenience and snowball sampling, may limit the representativeness of the sample and reduce the generalizability of the findings to all Turkish and Uyghur-Turk parents in T\\u0026uuml;rkiye. Despite these limitations, the study provides valuable insights into cultural variations in parenting attitudes. Future research using longitudinal designs and more representative sampling approaches is recommended to better understand the contextual factors influencing parenting practices across diverse populations.\\u003c/p\\u003e\"},{\"header\":\"Conclusion\",\"content\":\"\\u003cp\\u003eThis study identified significant differences in child-rearing attitudes between Uyghur-Turk and Turkish parents in T\\u0026uuml;rkiye. Turkish parents demonstrated higher levels of democratic parenting, whereas Uyghur-Turk parents exhibited stronger authoritarian and excessively tolerant tendencies. No significant difference was observed in preservative parenting between the groups. Sociodemographic factors were associated with variations in parenting styles in both populations. Among Turkish parents, gender, education level, and number of children were key determinants, with fathers and those with lower education or larger family size showing more authoritarian tendencies. Among Uyghur-Turk parents, parenting attitudes varied by age, gender, marital status, occupation, employment status, number of children, and perceived income, reflecting a more complex pattern of influence. Overall, these findings highlight the role of cultural and sociodemographic factors in shaping parenting attitudes. Understanding these differences may inform culturally sensitive parenting interventions and support programs for diverse communities in T\\u0026uuml;rkiye.\\u003c/p\\u003e\"},{\"header\":\"Declarations\",\"content\":\"\\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cstrong\\u003eEthics approval and consent to participate\\u003c/strong\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n\\u003cp\\u003eEthical approval for this study was obtained from Ankara Yıldırım Beyazıt University (approval number: 17.05.2023-103/05). Prior to data collection, participants were informed about the purpose of the study and assured of the confidentiality and anonymity of their responses. Informed consent was obtained electronically, and only participants who indicated their agreement to participate were included in the study. All procedures involving human participants were conducted in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional research committee and the Declaration of Helsinki.\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n\\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cstrong\\u003eConsent for publication\\u0026nbsp;\\u003c/strong\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n\\u003cp\\u003eNot applicable\\u0026nbsp;\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n\\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cstrong\\u003eAvailability of data and materials\\u003c/strong\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n\\u003cp\\u003eThe datasets generated and/or analyzed during this study are not publicly available due to ethical and confidentiality restrictions but can be obtained from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n\\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cstrong\\u003eConflict interest\\u0026nbsp;\\u003c/strong\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n\\u003cp\\u003eThe authors declare that they no conflict interest\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n\\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cstrong\\u003eFunding\\u003c/strong\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n\\u003cp\\u003eThe authors received no financial support.\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n\\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cstrong\\u003eClinical trial number\\u003c/strong\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n\\u003cp\\u003e\\u0026nbsp;Not Applicable\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n\\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cstrong\\u003eAuthor Contributions\\u003c/strong\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n\\u003cp\\u003eNO, SK, and NMO conceived and designed the study and were involved in data collection. SK performed the data analysis. All authors contributed to drafting and revising the manuscript, and all authors read and approved the final version.\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n\\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cstrong\\u003eAcknowledgement\\u0026nbsp;\\u003c/strong\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n\\u003cp\\u003eWe extend our sincere gratitude to all study participants.\\u003c/p\\u003e\"},{\"header\":\"References\",\"content\":\"\\u003col\\u003e\\n\\u003cli\\u003eC. A. Frosch and S. J. Schoppe-sullivan, \\u0026ldquo;A nalytic Parenting and Child Development : A Relational Health Perspective,\\u0026rdquo; \\u003cem\\u003eAm J Lifestyle Med\\u003c/em\\u003e, vol. 15, no. 1, pp. 45\\u0026ndash;59, 2019, doi: 10.1177/1559827619849028.\\u003c/li\\u003e\\n\\u003cli\\u003eK. . Troll,L.E., \\u0026amp; Fingerman, \\u0026ldquo;Connections between parents and their adult children,\\u0026rdquo; in \\u003cem\\u003eHandbook of emotion, adult development, and aging\\u003c/em\\u003e, San Diego: Academic Press, 1996, pp. 185\\u0026ndash;205.\\u003c/li\\u003e\\n\\u003cli\\u003eD. Umberson, R. Crosnoe, and C. Reczek, \\u0026ldquo;Social Relationships and Health Behavior Across Life Course,\\u0026rdquo; \\u003cem\\u003eAnnu Rev Sociol\\u003c/em\\u003e, vol. 29, pp. 139\\u0026ndash;157, 2011, doi: 10.1146/annurev-soc-070308-120011.Social.\\u003c/li\\u003e\\n\\u003cli\\u003eF. ME, \\u0026ldquo;The internal structure and ecological context of coparenting: a framework for research and intervention.,\\u0026rdquo; \\u003cem\\u003eParent Sci Pr.\\u003c/em\\u003e, vol. 3, pp. 95\\u0026ndash;131, 2003.\\u003c/li\\u003e\\n\\u003cli\\u003eMinuchin S, \\u003cem\\u003eFamilies and Family Therapy.\\u003c/em\\u003e Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1974.\\u003c/li\\u003e\\n\\u003cli\\u003eM. E. Kochanska, G., Aksan, N., \\u0026amp; Joy, \\u0026ldquo;Children\\u0026rsquo;s fearfulness as a moderator of parenting in early socialization: Two longitudinal studies.,\\u0026rdquo; \\u003cem\\u003eDev. Psychol.\\u003c/em\\u003e, vol. 43, no. 1, pp. 222\\u0026ndash;237, 2007, doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0012-1649.43.1.222.\\u003c/li\\u003e\\n\\u003cli\\u003eE. E. Maccoby, \\u0026ldquo;Parenting and its effects on children: On reading and misreading behavior genetics,\\u0026rdquo; \\u003cem\\u003eAnnu. Rev. 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Modi, \\u0026ldquo;Psychosocial Factors Related to Obesity in Children and Adolescents,\\u0026rdquo; in \\u003cem\\u003eHandbook of Childhood and Adolescent Obesity\\u003c/em\\u003e, Boston, MA: Springer US, 2008, pp. 25\\u0026ndash;42.\\u003c/li\\u003e\\n\\u003c/ol\\u003e\"}],\"fulltextSource\":\"\",\"fullText\":\"\",\"funders\":[],\"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow\":false,\"hasManuscriptDocX\":true,\"hasOptedInToPreprint\":true,\"hasPassedJournalQc\":\"\",\"hasAnyPriority\":false,\"hideJournal\":false,\"highlight\":\"\",\"institution\":\"\",\"isAcceptedByJournal\":false,\"isAuthorSuppliedPdf\":false,\"isDeskRejected\":\"\",\"isHiddenFromSearch\":false,\"isInQc\":false,\"isInWorkflow\":false,\"isPdf\":false,\"isPdfUpToDate\":true,\"isWithdrawnOrRetracted\":false,\"journal\":{\"display\":true,\"email\":\"info@researchsquare.com\",\"identity\":\"bmc-psychology\",\"isNatureJournal\":false,\"hasQc\":true,\"allowDirectSubmit\":false,\"externalIdentity\":\"psyo\",\"sideBox\":\"Learn more about [BMC Psychology](http://bmcpsychology.biomedcentral.com/)\",\"snPcode\":\"\",\"submissionUrl\":\"\",\"title\":\"BMC Psychology\",\"twitterHandle\":\"BMC_series\",\"acdcEnabled\":true,\"dfaEnabled\":true,\"editorialSystem\":\"stoa\",\"reportingPortfolio\":\"BMC Series\",\"inReviewEnabled\":true,\"inReviewRevisionsEnabled\":true},\"keywords\":\"Uyghur, Turk, Turkish parents, child-rearing attitudes, parenting styles, cultural differences, Türkiye\",\"lastPublishedDoi\":\"10.21203/rs.3.rs-9376802/v1\",\"lastPublishedDoiUrl\":\"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-9376802/v1\",\"license\":{\"name\":\"CC BY 4.0\",\"url\":\"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/\"},\"manuscriptAbstract\":\"\\u003ch2\\u003eObjective\\u003c/h2\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003eThis study aimed to investigate and compare child-rearing attitudes among Uyghur-Turk migrant and Turkish parents in T\\u0026uuml;rkiye, with a particular focus on cultural differences in parenting styles.\\u003c/p\\u003e\\u003ch2\\u003eMethods\\u003c/h2\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003eThis cross-sectional study collected data using an online questionnaire distributed via WhatsApp and social networks, employing convenience and snowball sampling techniques. Parenting attitudes were assessed using the Child Raising Attitude Scale, which consists of 25 items across four dimensions: democratic, authoritarian, preservative, and excessively tolerant. Each item was scored on a four-point Likert scale. Data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 26.\\u003c/p\\u003e\\u003ch2\\u003eResults\\u003c/h2\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003eA total of 301 parents participated in the study, including 150 Turkish and 151 Uyghur-Turk respondents. The mean age was 33.2\\u0026thinsp;\\u0026plusmn;\\u0026thinsp;5.22 years for Turkish participants and 35.79\\u0026thinsp;\\u0026plusmn;\\u0026thinsp;8.18 years for Uyghur-Turk participants. Turkish parents demonstrated significantly higher democratic parenting scores, whereas Uyghur-Turk parents had significantly higher authoritarian and excessively tolerant scores (p\\u0026thinsp;\\u0026lt;\\u0026thinsp;0.001). No statistically significant difference was observed in preservative parenting between the two groups (p\\u0026thinsp;\\u0026gt;\\u0026thinsp;0.05).\\u003c/p\\u003e\\u003ch2\\u003eConclusion\\u003c/h2\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003eSignificant cultural differences were observed in child-rearing attitudes between Uyghur-Turk and Turkish parents, particularly in democratic, authoritarian, and excessively tolerant parenting styles, while no difference was found in preservative parenting.\\u003c/p\\u003e\",\"manuscriptTitle\":\"Cultural Differences in Child-Rearing Attitudes Among Uyghur-Turk and Turkish Parents in Türkiye\",\"msid\":\"\",\"msnumber\":\"\",\"nonDraftVersions\":[{\"code\":1,\"date\":\"2026-04-24 11:26:26\",\"doi\":\"10.21203/rs.3.rs-9376802/v1\",\"editorialEvents\":[{\"type\":\"communityComments\",\"content\":0},{\"type\":\"reviewersInvited\",\"content\":\"\",\"date\":\"2026-04-16T09:14:18+00:00\",\"index\":\"\",\"fulltext\":\"\"},{\"type\":\"editorInvited\",\"content\":\"\",\"date\":\"2026-04-14T09:50:16+00:00\",\"index\":\"\",\"fulltext\":\"\"},{\"type\":\"editorAssigned\",\"content\":\"\",\"date\":\"2026-04-12T23:02:38+00:00\",\"index\":\"\",\"fulltext\":\"\"},{\"type\":\"checksComplete\",\"content\":\"\",\"date\":\"2026-04-12T23:02:16+00:00\",\"index\":\"\",\"fulltext\":\"\"},{\"type\":\"submitted\",\"content\":\"BMC Psychology\",\"date\":\"2026-04-10T08:28:48+00:00\",\"index\":\"\",\"fulltext\":\"\"}],\"status\":\"published\",\"journal\":{\"display\":true,\"email\":\"info@researchsquare.com\",\"identity\":\"bmc-psychology\",\"isNatureJournal\":false,\"hasQc\":true,\"allowDirectSubmit\":false,\"externalIdentity\":\"psyo\",\"sideBox\":\"Learn more about [BMC Psychology](http://bmcpsychology.biomedcentral.com/)\",\"snPcode\":\"\",\"submissionUrl\":\"\",\"title\":\"BMC Psychology\",\"twitterHandle\":\"BMC_series\",\"acdcEnabled\":true,\"dfaEnabled\":true,\"editorialSystem\":\"stoa\",\"reportingPortfolio\":\"BMC Series\",\"inReviewEnabled\":true,\"inReviewRevisionsEnabled\":true}}],\"origin\":\"\",\"ownerIdentity\":\"78f9bf13-d538-41d1-848a-895520f9afec\",\"owner\":[],\"postedDate\":\"April 24th, 2026\",\"published\":true,\"recentEditorialEvents\":[],\"rejectedJournal\":[],\"revision\":\"\",\"amendment\":\"\",\"status\":\"under-review\",\"subjectAreas\":[],\"tags\":[],\"updatedAt\":\"2026-04-24T11:26:27+00:00\",\"versionOfRecord\":[],\"versionCreatedAt\":\"2026-04-24 11:26:26\",\"video\":\"\",\"vorDoi\":\"\",\"vorDoiUrl\":\"\",\"workflowStages\":[]},\"version\":\"v1\",\"identity\":\"rs-9376802\",\"journalConfig\":\"researchsquare\"},\"__N_SSP\":true},\"page\":\"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]\",\"query\":{\"redirect\":\"/article/rs-9376802\",\"identity\":\"rs-9376802\",\"version\":[\"v1\"]},\"buildId\":\"XKTyCvWXoU3ODBz1xrDgd\",\"isFallback\":false,\"isExperimentalCompile\":false,\"dynamicIds\":[84888],\"gssp\":true,\"scriptLoader\":[]}","source_license":"CC-BY-4.0","license_restricted":false}