{"paper_id":"4589b413-f4e3-4f66-96a4-359671a8c987","body_text":"Abstract\nBackground: Vitamin D is involved in the physiological functions of several tissues, however, its deficiency may contribute to the development of various disorders. Recent research has been focusing on the role of vitamin D in the pathogenesis of endometriosis based on the evidence of the presence of vitamin D receptor and the enzymes required for vitamin D synthesis in the ectopic endometrium. Endometriosis, defined as the presence of endometrial glands and stroma in ectopic locations, is considered an estrogen-dependent disease and Vitamin D seems to have a role in modulation of the inflammatory state and proliferation of endometriotic cells.\nObjective: This study aimed to review the available literature regarding the relationship between vitamin D and endometriosis as well as the effects of vitamin D supplementation.\nMethods: A search on PubMed database has been performed.\nResults: The relationship between endometriosis and Vitamin D has been analyzed through the evaluation of vitamin D serum level, the polymorphism of vitamin D receptor and the role of vitamin D-binding protein in patient with endometriosis. The possible role of Vitamin D in the endometriosis therapy has also been investigated, in particular, the effect of vitamin D on pain relief, on endometriotic lesion in vitro and in rat models and in addition to a future target immunotherapy.\nConclusion: Although promising, the data analyzed are not sufficient to evidence a cause-effect relationship between VD status and endometriosis, therefore further studies are needed in order to better clarify the association between vitamin D and endometriosis, especially in the context of the possibility of new treatment options.\nKeywords: Vitamin D, vitamin D binding protein, vitamin D receptor, vitamin D supplementation, female fertility, endometriosis.\n[http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/88.2.491S] [PMID: 18689389]\n[http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/er.2004-0002] [PMID: 15798098]\n[http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/physrev.1998.78.4.1193] [PMID: 9790574]\n[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2362.2005.01487.x] [PMID: 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