{"paper_id":"4513fa55-d4fc-463e-b54c-73c9e376a22a","body_text":"Abstract\nObjective\nThe aim of this study was to investigate the effect of endometriosis on the ocular surface.\nMethods\nA total of 50 patients were included in the study and divided into two groups. Group 1 consisted of 25 patients with endometriosis. Group 2 had 25 control patients. All patients underwent complete ophthalmic examination, and the right eyes were included in the study. To evaluate the ocular surface, both groups were tested with the following: the Schirmer I test, tear breakup time (TBUT), the conjunctival impression cytology (CIC), and the Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI). The results were subsequently compared.\nResults\nThe average Schirmer I test results were 8.40 ± 2.74 mm in group 1 and were significantly lower in patients with endometriosis (P < 0.001). The average TBUT test results were 9.04 ± 3.61 s in group 1 and were significantly lower in patients with endometriosis (P < 0.001). The average OSDI results were 24.04 ± 9.29 in group 1 and were significantly higher in patients with endometriosis (P < 0.001). The average CIC results were 1.76 ± 0.88 in group 1 and were significantly higher in patients with endometriosis (P < 0.001).\nConclusions\nOcular surface changes, including squamous metaplasia, may be observed in the conjunctiva of patients with endometriosis.\nAccess this article\nWe’re sorry, something doesn't seem to be working properly.\nPlease try refreshing the page. If that doesn't work, please contact support so we can address the problem.\nSimilar content being viewed by others\nReferences\nMissmer SA, Hankinson SE, Spiegelman D et al (2004) Reproductive history and endometriosis among premenopausal women. Obstet Gynecol 104:965–974. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.AOG.0000142714.54857.f8\nYamamoto A, Johnstone EB, Bloom MS et al (2017) A higher prevalence of endometriosis among Asian women does not contribute to poorer IVF outcomes. 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Ophthalmology 91:545–552. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0161-6420(84)34251-8\nAuthor information\nAuthors and Affiliations\nCorresponding author\nEthics declarations\nConflict of interest\nThe authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.\nEthical approval\n“All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee (ethical committee of Balıkesir University Medical Faculty (registration number: 2019/60) and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.”\nInformed consent\n“Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.”\nAdditional information\nPublisher’s note\nSpringer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.\nRights and permissions\nAbout this article\nCite this article\nTuran, M., Turan, G. & Usta, A. Evaluation of the ocular surface by impression cytology in patients with endometriosis. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 258, 931–937 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00417-019-04591-w\nReceived:\nRevised:\nAccepted:\nPublished:\nVersion of record:\nIssue date:\nDOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00417-019-04591-w","source_license":"CC0","license_restricted":false}