{"paper_id":"4478a9e5-4855-4e54-bf0c-7e4269d3bba0","body_text":"Restoration of a mid-Atlantic coastal bay scallop population (Argopecten irradians) | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Restoration of a mid-Atlantic coastal bay scallop population (Argopecten irradians) Richard Snyder, Rebecca T Smith, Darian M Kelley, Sean Fate, Robert J Orth, and 12 more This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-8272356/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Under Review Version 1 posted 5 You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Bay scallops (Argopecten irradians) once flourished in the eelgrass (Zostera marina) meadows of the Virginia coastal bays. Eelgrass wasting disease led to meadow declines, and both eelgrass and scallops were lost after a 1933 hurricane. The Virginia Institute of Marine Science (VIMS) led a successful seagrass restoration effort starting in 1997, expanding at 240 ha per year since 2007, and covering over 4,800 ha in 2025. From 2009-2025, we have been attempting to restore bay scallops to these grass beds. Bay scallops were brought from North Carolina to the VIMS Eastern Shore Laboratory (VIMS ESL) in Wachapreague, VA for brood stock. Progeny were released to the eelgrass beds and held in spawning cages. Annual census data have documented low and fluctuating scallop densities from 2012-2018, and continued exponential growth from 2019-2025 with a current specific growth rate of m = 0.473 year-1 and a population doubling time of 1.47 years. The carrying capacity of the system for the new Virginian bay scallop population remains unknown with the population still in the exponential growth phase. In 2025, we documented an average density of 0.114 scallops m-2. However, the spatial extent of the eelgrass bed is not evenly utilized by the scallops, with a 2025 maximum recorded local density within 50 m-2 sampling stations of 0.52 scallops m-2. Aggregation within the population was anticipated as necessary for reproductive success and was observed in population data with increasing density. The restoration of Virginia bay scallops represents a significant societal and ecological achievement. restoration seagrass Zostera marina bay scallop Argopecten irradians coastal lagoons Full Text Cite Share Download PDF Status: Under Review Version 1 posted Reviewers agreed at journal 04 Dec, 2025 Reviewers invited by journal 04 Dec, 2025 Editor invited by journal 03 Dec, 2025 Editor assigned by journal 03 Dec, 2025 First submitted to journal 03 Dec, 2025 You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. 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Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {\"props\":{\"pageProps\":{\"initialData\":{\"identity\":\"rs-8272356\",\"acceptedTermsAndConditions\":true,\"allowDirectSubmit\":false,\"archivedVersions\":[],\"articleType\":\"Research Article\",\"associatedPublications\":[],\"authors\":[{\"id\":555570746,\"identity\":\"8b4e748f-dcd2-4166-8dfe-d26f5768af43\",\"order_by\":0,\"name\":\"Richard 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Eelgrass wasting disease led to meadow declines, and both eelgrass and scallops were lost after a 1933 hurricane. The Virginia Institute of Marine Science (VIMS) led a successful seagrass restoration effort starting in 1997, expanding at 240 ha per year since 2007, and covering over 4,800 ha in 2025. From 2009-2025, we have been attempting to restore bay scallops to these grass beds. Bay scallops were brought from North Carolina to the VIMS Eastern Shore Laboratory (VIMS ESL) in Wachapreague, VA for brood stock. Progeny were released to the eelgrass beds and held in spawning cages. Annual census data have documented low and fluctuating scallop densities from 2012-2018, and continued exponential growth from 2019-2025 with a current specific growth rate of m = 0.473 year-1 and a population doubling time of 1.47 years. The carrying capacity of the system for the new Virginian bay scallop population remains unknown with the population still in the exponential growth phase. In 2025, we documented an average density of 0.114 scallops m-2. However, the spatial extent of the eelgrass bed is not evenly utilized by the scallops, with a 2025 maximum recorded local density within 50 m-2 sampling stations of 0.52 scallops m-2. Aggregation within the population was anticipated as necessary for reproductive success and was observed in population data with increasing density. 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