{"paper_id":"3f61ba27-308a-4490-8320-899026ed2edf","body_text":"Physical, Mechanical, Biological Properties and Characterization of Blended Films of Chitosan-Cellulose Diacetate Derived Waste Cigarette Filters | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Physical, Mechanical, Biological Properties and Characterization of Blended Films of Chitosan-Cellulose Diacetate Derived Waste Cigarette Filters Aung Than Htwe, May Thazin Kyaw, Hninn Wutt Yee Htun, Margaret Hkawn Tawng, and 1 more This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-5461678/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Cigarette butts (CB) accumulate due to the poor biodegradability of cellulose acetate filters, and the toxic substances trapped therein pose a threat to human life, marine ecosystems and the environment if not disposed of properly increase. Due to growing concerns stemming from inadequate landfill sites and growing environmental concerns about toxic combustion gases, there is a great need for environmentally friendly alternative CB waste treatment processes. This research describes the preparation of blended films with chitosan (CS) and cellulose diacetate (CDA) derived waste cigarette filters as reinforcement. The aim was to evaluate their physical, mechanical and biodegradable properties, and to determine their potential for biomedical use. Blended films were prepared via solvent casting CDA suspensions in CS solution, at CDA amount of 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0 and 2.5 (w/w) with pure chitosan as a reference. The prepared blended films were investigated by using the physical parameters, the physico-mechanical properties, the degree of swelling, and water uptake. Comparative characterization of the prepared blended films included XRD, FT IR, SEM, and TG-DTA analysis. The various types of CS-CDA blended films were also tested for antimicrobial activity using an agar well diffusion method. Subsequently, the biodegradable nature of the prepared CS-CDA blended films was studied through the soil burial test. Based on the results, The CS/CDA blended films which could be reduce cigarette waste filters and increase the values. In the future, these CS-CDA blended films can be developed in the membrane to use for biomedical applications as face sheet and mash sheet of COVID-19 pendemic. Cigarette butts Chitosan Cellulose diacetate Characterization Biodegradable Full Text Additional Declarations Competing interest reported. I will hope to get free of charge of publication. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. 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Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {\"props\":{\"pageProps\":{\"initialData\":{\"identity\":\"rs-5461678\",\"acceptedTermsAndConditions\":true,\"allowDirectSubmit\":true,\"archivedVersions\":[],\"articleType\":\"Research Article\",\"associatedPublications\":[],\"authors\":[{\"id\":390463750,\"identity\":\"40567a4b-f92c-4ce5-a5ad-cfbd58d1ea63\",\"order_by\":0,\"name\":\"Aung Than Htwe\",\"email\":\"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAABB0lEQVRIiWNgGAWjYLACxgYGBgMgzfynwgbEbTxAUMtBkBY2IIPnTBrYBBK08LYcBgvg1cI/I/fw64877PLM5XsMH0g2nLdb234YaEuNTTQuLRI38tIsDp5JLrZs4zE2MNxxO3nbmUSglmNpuQ249NzIMTM42MacuOEY7zaJxDO3k80OALUwNhzGqUUeoqUepGX7j4Nt55LNzj/Er8XgRo7xg4Nth8G2MDa2HbAzu0HAFsMzb8wYzrYdB2rJ/yzNcCY5wewG0JYEPH6RO55j/KGyrTpxw+FjiZ8ZKuzszc6nP3zwocYGt/cZGNgkkHmJYJUJuJWDAPMHZJ49fsWjYBSMglEwEgEAzCNu1UAuZkIAAAAASUVORK5CYII=\",\"orcid\":\"\",\"institution\":\"University of Yangon, Kamaryut Township\",\"correspondingAuthor\":true,\"prefix\":\"\",\"firstName\":\"Aung\",\"middleName\":\"Than\",\"lastName\":\"Htwe\",\"suffix\":\"\"},{\"id\":390463751,\"identity\":\"f8492d5e-2423-43a2-9571-089626372c29\",\"order_by\":1,\"name\":\"May Thazin Kyaw\",\"email\":\"\",\"orcid\":\"\",\"institution\":\"University of Yangon, Kamaryut Township\",\"correspondingAuthor\":false,\"prefix\":\"\",\"firstName\":\"May\",\"middleName\":\"Thazin\",\"lastName\":\"Kyaw\",\"suffix\":\"\"},{\"id\":390463752,\"identity\":\"93a95d03-f8a1-4342-9af2-662fcbc31014\",\"order_by\":2,\"name\":\"Hninn Wutt Yee Htun\",\"email\":\"\",\"orcid\":\"\",\"institution\":\"University of Yangon, Kamaryut Township\",\"correspondingAuthor\":false,\"prefix\":\"\",\"firstName\":\"Hninn\",\"middleName\":\"Wutt Yee\",\"lastName\":\"Htun\",\"suffix\":\"\"},{\"id\":390463754,\"identity\":\"19743095-6299-4a94-bbbd-be17e9ff5b84\",\"order_by\":3,\"name\":\"Margaret Hkawn Tawng\",\"email\":\"\",\"orcid\":\"\",\"institution\":\"University of Yangon, Kamaryut Township\",\"correspondingAuthor\":false,\"prefix\":\"\",\"firstName\":\"Margaret\",\"middleName\":\"Hkawn\",\"lastName\":\"Tawng\",\"suffix\":\"\"},{\"id\":390463755,\"identity\":\"d7e1a273-67ee-46dc-9fe6-64aa8b45af95\",\"order_by\":4,\"name\":\"Yamin Thet\",\"email\":\"\",\"orcid\":\"\",\"institution\":\"University of Yangon, Kamaryut Township\",\"correspondingAuthor\":false,\"prefix\":\"\",\"firstName\":\"Yamin\",\"middleName\":\"\",\"lastName\":\"Thet\",\"suffix\":\"\"}],\"badges\":[],\"createdAt\":\"2024-11-15 15:53:13\",\"currentVersionCode\":1,\"declarations\":\"\",\"doi\":\"10.21203/rs.3.rs-5461678/v1\",\"doiUrl\":\"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-5461678/v1\",\"draftVersion\":[],\"editorialEvents\":[],\"editorialNote\":\"\",\"failedWorkflow\":false,\"files\":[{\"id\":88461673,\"identity\":\"0afc96d2-16b8-461b-b28e-0abd69a7a853\",\"added_by\":\"auto\",\"created_at\":\"2025-08-06 16:38:22\",\"extension\":\"pdf\",\"order_by\":1,\"title\":\"\",\"display\":\"\",\"copyAsset\":false,\"role\":\"manuscript-pdf\",\"size\":810759,\"visible\":true,\"origin\":\"\",\"legend\":\"\",\"description\":\"\",\"filename\":\"ICAMN2022DrATHCorrection.pdf\",\"url\":\"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-5461678/v1_covered_315c82f2-8116-49f0-840c-df45363d0334.pdf\"}],\"financialInterests\":\"Competing interest reported. I will hope to get free of charge of publication.\",\"formattedTitle\":\"Physical, Mechanical, Biological Properties and Characterization of Blended Films of Chitosan-Cellulose Diacetate Derived Waste Cigarette Filters\",\"fulltext\":[],\"fulltextSource\":\"\",\"fullText\":\"\",\"funders\":[],\"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow\":false,\"hasManuscriptDocX\":false,\"hasOptedInToPreprint\":true,\"hasPassedJournalQc\":\"\",\"hasAnyPriority\":false,\"hideJournal\":true,\"highlight\":\"\",\"institution\":\"\",\"isAcceptedByJournal\":false,\"isAuthorSuppliedPdf\":true,\"isDeskRejected\":\"\",\"isHiddenFromSearch\":false,\"isInQc\":false,\"isInWorkflow\":false,\"isPdf\":true,\"isPdfUpToDate\":true,\"isWithdrawnOrRetracted\":false,\"journal\":{\"display\":true,\"email\":\"info@researchsquare.com\",\"identity\":\"researchsquare\",\"isNatureJournal\":false,\"hasQc\":true,\"allowDirectSubmit\":true,\"externalIdentity\":\"\",\"sideBox\":\"\",\"snPcode\":\"\",\"submissionUrl\":\"/submission\",\"title\":\"Research Square\",\"twitterHandle\":\"researchsquare\",\"acdcEnabled\":true,\"dfaEnabled\":false,\"editorialSystem\":\"\",\"reportingPortfolio\":\"\",\"inReviewEnabled\":false,\"inReviewRevisionsEnabled\":true},\"keywords\":\"Cigarette butts, Chitosan, Cellulose diacetate, Characterization, Biodegradable\",\"lastPublishedDoi\":\"10.21203/rs.3.rs-5461678/v1\",\"lastPublishedDoiUrl\":\"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-5461678/v1\",\"license\":{\"name\":\"CC BY 4.0\",\"url\":\"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/\"},\"manuscriptAbstract\":\"\\u003cp\\u003eCigarette butts (CB) accumulate due to the poor biodegradability of cellulose acetate filters, and the toxic substances trapped therein pose a threat to human life, marine ecosystems and the environment if not disposed of properly increase. Due to growing concerns stemming from inadequate landfill sites and growing environmental concerns about toxic combustion gases, there is a great need for environmentally friendly alternative CB waste treatment processes. This research describes the preparation of blended films with chitosan (CS) and cellulose diacetate (CDA) derived waste cigarette filters as reinforcement. The aim was to evaluate their physical, mechanical and biodegradable properties, and to determine their potential for biomedical use. Blended films were prepared via solvent casting CDA suspensions in CS solution, at CDA amount of 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0 and 2.5 (w/w) with pure chitosan as a reference. The prepared blended films were investigated by using the physical parameters, the physico-mechanical properties, the degree of swelling, and water uptake. Comparative characterization of the prepared blended films included XRD, FT IR, SEM, and TG-DTA analysis. 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