{"paper_id":"3e3a58fc-6ec9-4a2a-ac2d-bd3f611f3529","body_text":"Clinical Characteristics and Management of Ovarian Endometrioma Complicated by Infertility Treatment-Induced Tubo-Ovarian Abscess: A Retrospective Study\nABSTRACT\nAim\nTo evaluate the incidence of tubo-ovarian abscess (TOA) in patients with ovarian endometrioma (OE) undergoing infertility treatment and to describe treatment approaches and clinical outcomes, including transvaginal ultrasound-guided drainage.\nMethods\nThis retrospective study included 17 patients with OE-associated infertility who developed infertility treatment-related TOA and were treated at our hospital between January 2011 and December 2022. Patient characteristics, diagnostic findings, the incidence of TOA associated with assisted reproductive technology in patients with and without OE, treatment approaches, and clinical outcomes were analyzed.\nResults\nThe incidence of TOA was higher in patients with OE than in those without OE following oocyte retrieval (1.07% vs. 0.03%, p = 0.0001) and frozen–thawed embryo transfer (1.09% vs. 0.00%, p = 0.0055). Transvaginal ultrasound-guided drainage was performed in 14 patients, with a success rate of 78.6% (11/14), a relapse rate of 18.2% (2/11), and no procedure-related complications.\nConclusions\nPatients with OE are at increased risk of developing TOA during infertility treatment. Transvaginal ultrasound-guided abscess drainage is a safe and minimally invasive method for infection control and may help avoid emergency surgery during the acute phase as part of a multidisciplinary treatment strategy.\nDisclosure\nAn earlier version of this article was presented in abstract form at the 44th Annual Meeting of the Japan Society of Endometriosis, held in Kochi, Japan, on January 21–22, 2023, and at the 75th Annual Congress of the Japan Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology, held in Tokyo, Japan, on May 12–14, 2023.\nConflicts of Interest\nThe authors declare no conflicts of interest.\nData Availability Statement\nData supporting the findings of this study are available in the Supporting Information of this article.","source_license":"public-domain-us","license_restricted":false}