{"paper_id":"3abd2c4c-e635-472c-a449-033a2075561c","body_text":"Identification of culturable bacteria associated with the rhizosphere of Lablab purpureus growing in Namibia | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Identification of culturable bacteria associated with the rhizosphere of Lablab purpureus growing in Namibia Faith Fransisca Kavishe, Jean Damascène Uzabakiriho, Jeya Kennedy, and 1 more This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3821617/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Dolichos lablab ( Lablab purpureus (L.) Sweet)) is a multipurpose drought tolerant protein-rich legume crop native to Africa and grown in warm temperate to tropical climates for its edible seeds and manure. Lablab purpureus holds significant benefits to subsistence farmers and offers a great promise for sustainable crop productivity, especially in marginalised areas. Its uses range from human consumption as a vegetable to improving soil fertility, and as forage. Notwithstanding Lablab purpureus crucial potential functions in Namibia, there is currently limited information regarding the plant’s rhizosphere bacteria. The study aimed at identifying Lablab purpureus’ natural rhizosphere bacteria. Isolation of rhizosphere bacteria involved the use of general media (Luria Bertani agar and tryptic soy agar); selective media such as Rhizobium and Yeast Extract Mannitol (YEM) Congo red from soil sample extracts. Eighty-five strains of bacteria were isolated and were subsequently identified by 16S rRNA gene sequencing analysis. The results showed that they belonged to the following genera, Bacillus, Streptomyces, Exiguobacterium, Stutzerimonas, Rhizobium, Acidovorax, Agrobacterium, Psychrobacter, Priestia, Planococcus, Bhargavaea, Stenotrophomonas, Caulobacter, Peribacillus, Niallia, Athrobacter, Sphingobium, Enterobacter, Sphingobacterium, Sinorhizobium, Flavobacterium, Microbacterium, Metabacillus, Neobacillus , and Pseudomonas which are reported to have growth promoting substances. The study highlighted the potential use of these plant growth promoting rhizobacteria for inocula production or biofertilisers for enhancing growth and nutrient content of beans and other crops under field conditions. The study was the first report of Lablab purpureus’s rhizosphere associated bacteria in Namibia. Rhizosphere bacteria Rhizosphere Lablab purpureus Dolichos lablab 16s rRNA Namibia Figures Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 3 Figure 4 1. Introduction Dolichos lablab ( Lablab purpureus (L) Sweet) also known as Dolichos bean, Indian bean or Hyacinth bean is a perennial herb from the family Fabaceae endowed with high protein content and nutritional value (Raghu et al., 2018). This drought-tolerant under-utilised crop has a global social recognition that stretches from human food (vegetable and pulse) to soil fertility improvement to high-quality animal fodder (Kumar, 2017 ; Minde et al., 2020 ; Shivachi et al., 2012). This crop is indigenous to India and Africa and is mostly grown by small-scale farmers in the semi-arid, dry poor soils of Africa, Southeast Asia and America (Kumar, 2017 ; Maass et al., 2010 ; Minde et al., 2020 ; Ngure et al., 2021 ). Agricultural methods involving inappropriate use of chemical pesticides and fertilisers which are usually costly, not readily available and have caused environmental problems need to be addressed. Alternative ways of sustainably meeting agricultural demands involve using rhizobacteria or other microbial inoculants for plant growth and development (Majeed et al., 2015 ). According to Pervin et al. ( 2017 ) plants have the unusual ability to form symbioses with soil bacteria. The exchange of resources between roots and the soil environment takes place in the rhizosphere, which is a biologically active interface around plant roots (Genitsaris et al., 2020 ). Sugars, carbohydrates, and secondary metabolites released by plant roots shape the microbial community structures and have an impact on rhizosphere zone activities (Wu et al., 2018 ). Different plant species have different amounts and qualities of these root exudates, and they can select particular microbial communities, including fungi and bacteria that have different roles in the soil (Berendensen et al., 2012 ). Rhizobacteria directly promote plant growth by controlling levels of plant hormones or by helping in procurement of essential minerals, phosphorus, and nitrogen; or indirectly as biocontrol agents that decrease the repressive effects that different pathogens have on plant growth (Ahemad & Kibret, 2014 ). They improve plant yield and growth when applied to seeds or crops and are usually mediated by root exudates such as siderophores, enzymes, sugars, and amino acids (Chaiharn et al., 2008 ; Majeed et al., 2015 ; Wu et al., 2018 ). Rhizosphere bacteria are of great importance because they promote plant productivity by regulating nutrient mineralization, acting as environmental buffers, permitting decomposition, and by enhancing water relations (Basu et al., 2021 ). Identifying the rhizosphere bacteria growing in association with Lablab purpureus will shed some light on whether they have any role in plant growth promotion. It could elucidate how they adapt to the Namibian environment and can be useful in other agricultural practices. Moreover, information on the bacteria that are promoting its growth have the potential to increase other crops’ drought stress tolerance and thus be beneficial agricultural bioresources. The aim of this study was to isolate and identify the bacteria associated with Lablab purpureus rhizosphere. 2. Materials and Methods 2.1 Sample collection and process Lablab purpureus root samples with bulk rhizosphere soil were collected from 2 varieties in Windhoek (Whk1 and Whk2) at Olympia suburb (Coordinates: -22.5652880, 17.1103930) and were placed in sterile individually labelled zip lock bags. These were then transported on ice to the laboratory for further analysis. Seeds from 5 bean accessions (IC-0623096, IC-0623072, HA 4, IC-0623005 and IC-0623043) were planted in pots containing soil from Bagani Research Centre and were taken to the lab for processing after they had shown the first 3 leaves. The two (2) Windhoek varieties were purposefully sampled, whereas the other 5 varieties grown in the pots were randomly chosen from the other 24 varieties. The plants in the pots were uprooted and shaken to get rid of the bulk soil (Fig. 1 ). For the 2 Windhoek varieties, samples were aseptically removed from the zip lock bags and shaken off to get rid of bulk soil. Using a sterile blade, gloves and weighing boat, 0.3 grams of rhizosphere roots from each variety were weighed. 2.2 Isolation of Bacteria By carefully placing 0.3 g of rhizosphere roots from each sample in 25 ml of sterile Phosphate buffered Saline (PBS) in a 50 ml falcon tube, rhizosphere bacteria were isolated from soil. The tube was then vortexed, and the suspension serial diluted to 10 − 10 . Thereafter, each dilution (100µl) was spread on Luria Bertani (LB) agar, Tryptic soy agar (TSA), Rhizobium media agar and Yeast extract mannitol (YEM) Congo Red agar plates substituted with the fungicide nystatin (100 µg/ml) and growth was observed until bacterial colonies appeared. Selected colonies were subcultured on the appropriate media until pure colonies were obtained (Fig. 2 ). 2.3 Catalase Test Using a sterile inoculation loop, a little bit of bacteria was spread onto a dry microscope slide. A drop of 3% hydrogen peroxide was applied to the bacteria using a pipette. The presence or absence of bubbles immediately gave an indication whether that bacterium is catalase negative or catalase positive (Kandjimi et al., 2015 ). 2.4 DNA Extraction The pure cultures of the strains were each inoculated in 100ml of fresh LB or tryptic soy broth and incubated for 48 hours to increase the mass of cells (Zahid et al., 2015 ). The DNA from each isolate (strains 1–39) were extracted from the broth using the protocol from the Zymo bacteria DNA isolation Kit. The other strains that were not extracted from the kit, were used directly in colony PCR. 2.5 Conventional PCR of bacterial genomic DNA The primers were purchased in lyophilized form from Inqaba Biotech (South Africa) and reconstituted in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions. From a stock solution of 100 µM, a working solution (10 µM) was made for each primer. They were kept until use at -20˚C. Primers for 16S rRNA gene were 27F (5 ̍- AGAGTTTGATCMTGGCTCAG-3 ̍) and 1492R (5 ̍-CGGTTACCTTGTTACGACTT-3 ̍) with amplicon length of approximately 1500bp as described by (Zahid et al., 2015 ). The amplification conditions: Qualitative PCR was carried out following DNA extraction from the samples. A 25 µl overall reaction made up of 12.5µl of VWR Red Taq DNA Polymerase (2x MM) with buffer (2mM MgCL 2 ) from Life Sciences, 3 µl of template DNA from the samples, 7.5 µl of nuclease-free water, and 1 µl of both reverse and forward primer were used. Additionally, a negative control was included, consisting of all the components but with 3 µl of nuclease-free water in place of the template DNA. This was carried out for all PCR processes. Conventional PCR was performed in the molecular biology laboratory at UNAM on a MULTIGENE OPTIMAX Cycler from Labnet International Inc. The conditions used were denaturation at 95˚C for 4 minutes, final denaturation at 95˚C for 1 minute; annealing at 55˚C for 30 seconds; extension at 72˚C for 1 minute; final extension at 72˚C for 1 minute and final hold at 4˚C. The PCR products were examined using 2% gel electrophoresis. Using agarose gel with a 1kb ladder and 4ul of PCR products loaded onto it and the gel had been stained with Ethidium bromide. An image of the agarose gel was captured using a digital camera after it had been run for 45 minutes at 120V in a 1X TBE buffer. The PCR bands that were visualised were those of about 1500bp in size and those amplicons were then sent to Inqaba Biotech for sequencing. 2.6 Colony PCR Bacterial strains whose DNA was not extracted using the kit were used directly in colony PCR as described by (Pesce et al., 2019 ) using the same 16S primer sequences. A single pure colony was aseptically picked and added to an Eppendorf tube that had 80 µl of sterile distilled water. It was then vortexed for 15 minutes and thereafter incubated at 96˚C for 10 minutes. It was let to cool at 4˚C for ten minutes. PCR was performed using the supernatant. For a 25 µl colony PCR reaction, 11.5 µl supernatant from the tubes was added to a PCR tube together with 12.5 µl of the master mix and 1 µl each of reverse and forward primers. The conditions used in the thermocycler were denaturation at 95˚C for 4minutes, final denaturation at 95˚C for 1 minute; annealing at 55˚C for 30 seconds; extension at 72˚C for 1 minute; final extension at 72˚C for 1 minute and final hold at 4˚C. The PCR products were examined using 2% gel electrophoresis. The agarose gel had a 1kb ladder and 4ul of PCR products loaded onto it and the gel had been stained with Ethidium bromide. An image of the agarose gel was captured using a digital camera after it had been run for 45 minutes at 120V in a 1X TBE buffer. The PCR bands that were visualised were those of about 1500bp in size and those amplicons were then sent to Inqaba Biotech for sequencing (Fig. 3 ). 2.7 Isolate Identification and Phylogenetic analysis The sequences were cleaned and edited using BioEdit software version 7.2.5 (Alzohairy, 2011 ) and Chromas software version 2.6.6 ( http://www.technelysium.com.au/chromas.html ). The Basic Local Alignment Search Tool (BLAST) program was used to align and analyse the DNA sequences to determine the closest matches (Table 1 ). The MEGA version 11.0.13 was used to create the phylogenetic tree and inferred with neighbour joining in 1000 replicates of bootstrap. The bootstrap consensus tree (Fig. 4 ) was obtained. 3. Results A total of 85 bacterial strains were isolated from Lablab purpureus rhizosphere. 16S rRNA gene sequencing was used to identify the isolated bacteria. 3.1 Catalase reaction Most isolates were found to be catalase positive except strains: 6, 13, 72E, 72I and 72H representing 5.9% of all isolates. 3.2 Molecular Identification of bacteria strains From the Lablab purpureus rhizosphere soil samples, a total of 85 bacterial strains were isolated and identified using 16S rRNA gene sequencing (Table 1 ). The sequences were also submitted to GenBank where accession numbers were assigned to them. Among the identified genera were Bacillus, Streptomyces, Exiguobacterium, Stutzerimonas, Rhizobium, Acidovorax, Agrobacterium, Psychrobacter, Priestia, Planococcus, Bhargavaea, Stenotrophomonas, Caulobacter, Peribacillus, Niallia, Athrobacter, Sphingobium and Pseudomonas. Table 1 Molecular identification of isolated bacterial strains based on 16S rDNA sequences Bacteria strain code Homology to the reference strains % Percent Identity Accession numbers from GenBank 1 Exiguobacterium aurantiacum 99.44 OR921826 2 Stutzerimonas kunmingensis 99.13 OR921827 4 Peribacillus simplex 99.72 OR921828 5 Bacillus wiedmannii 99.59 OR921829 5C Peribacillus acanthi 98.77 OR921830 5D Acidovorax delafieldii 99.14 OR921831 5E Agrobacterium tumefaciens 99.71 OR921832 5F Priestia aryabhattai 100.00 OR921833 6 Microbacterium testaceum 99.87 OR921834 7 Priestia aryabhattai 99.86 OR921835 8 Planococcus ruber 99.27 OR921836 9 Bacillus wiedmannii 100.00 OR921837 10 Streptomyces caviscabies 98.61 OR921838 11 Rhizobium rosettiformans 99.60 OR921839 12 Bacillus albus 100.00 OR921840 13 Priestia megaterium 99.86 OR921841 14 Agrobacterium tumefaciens 100.00 OR921842 15 Agrobacterium tumefaciens 98.70 OR921843 16 Exiguobacterium mexicanum 99.87 OR921844 16B Exiguobacterium mexicanum 100.00 OR921845 17 Stenotrophomonas maltophilia 99.34 OR921846 18 Agrobacterium fabrum 97.98 OR921847 19 Pseudomonas japonica 99.76 OR921848 20 Agrobacterium pusense 99.62 OR921849 21 Bacillus licheniformis 99.88 OR921850 22 Bhargavaea cecembensis 95.77 OR921851 23 Bacillus fungorum 99.76 OR921852 24 Bacillus cereus 99.77 OR921853 25 Priestia flexa 96.68 OR921854 26 Bacillus cereus 99.76 OR921855 27 Bacillus cereus 99.65 OR921856 28 Bacillus amyloliquefaciens 100.00 OR921857 29 Bacillus licheniformis 98.20 OR921858 30 Peribacillus frigoritolerans 99.88 OR921859 31 Stutzerimonas chloritidismutans 98.92 OR921860 32 Niallia taxi 99.65 OR921861 33 Planococcus plakortidis 95.59 OR921862 34 Caulobacteraceae bacterium 100.00 OR921863 35 Bacillus subtilis 99.77 OR921864 36 Bacillus wiedmannii 99.87 OR921865 37 Arthrobacter sedimenti 93.60 OR921866 38 Bacillus cereus 100.00 OR921867 39 Priestia megaterium 99.34 OR921868 72B Agrobacterium tumefaciens 100.00 OR921869 72C Bacillus cereus 99.17 OR921870 72E Agrobacterium tumefaciens 100.00 OR921871 72F Pseudomonas knackmussii 100.00 OR921872 72H Agrobacterium tumefaciens 100.00 OR921873 72I Agrobacterium tumefaciens 99.74 OR921875 72RA Agrobacterium tumefaciens 99.86 OR921876 72RB Sphingobium mellinum 98.20 OR921877 72RC Priestia megaterium 98.27 OR921878 72RD Priestia flexa 83.53 OR921879 96B Bacillus wiedmannii 99.29 OR921880 96D Bacillus thuringiensis 100.00 OR921881 96L Bacillus toyonensis 99.43 OR921882 96M Neobacillus niacini 99.29 OR921883 96N Neobacillus niacini 98.43 OR921884 96S Agrobacterium pusense 98.97 OR921885 96U Streptomyces gardneri 99.72 OR921886 96V Agrobacterium tumefaciens 99.86 OR921887 96X Flavobacterium panacis 84.81 OR921888 96Z Bacillus subtilis 99.71 OR921889 FB1 Exiguobacterium mexicanum 99.31 OR921890 HA2 Priestia megaterium 99.18 OR921891 HA8 Flavobacterium anhuiense 99.25 OR921892 HA11 Rhizobium herbae 98.64 OR921893 HAC Enterobacter cloacaes 99.87 OR921894 HAD Psychrobacter nivimaris 99.42 OR921895 HAE Psychrobacter namhaensis 96.73 OR921896 HAF Bacillus thuringiensis 99.43 OR921897 HAG Stutzerimonas stutzeri 99.30 OR921898 HAH Sinorhizobium meliloti 100.00 OR921899 PG1 Sphingobacterium zeae 89.38 OR921900 PG4 Pseudomonas koreensis 98.35 OR921901 PG10 Pseudomonas koreensis 99.86 OR921902 PG14 Pseudomonas koreensis 99.86 OR921903 PG15 Stenotrophomonas lacuserhaii 99.61 OR921904 PG18 Metabacillus niabensis 100.00 OR921905 PG19 Pseudomonas poae 98.87 OR921906 PP1 Bacillus cereus 100.00 OR921907 PP2 Stenotrophomonas maltophilia 99.86 OR921908 PPA Agrobacterium tumefaciens 100.00 OR921909 PPB Pseudomonas canavaninivorans 99.55 OR921910 PPF Priestia aryabhattai 100.00 OR921911 3.3 Phylogenetic analysis Clade one (purple colour) in Fig. 4 consists of 17 sequences representing 20% of the rhizobacteria isolated. This clade consisted of six different genera, five of which belong to the Gamma proteobacteria. Stutzerimonas had a percentage similarity of 98–99% to the closest strain from the NCBI database and was supported by strong bootstrap values > 95%, Pseudomonas (percentage similarity of 98–99%) with a bootstrap of 98%, Psychrobacter (percentage similarity 96–99%) with a bootstrap of 100%, Stenotrophomonas (99% similarity) supported by a 100% bootstrap value and Enterobacter (99% similarity) also with a bootstrap of 100%. This suggests that they belong to those genera. One sequence in this clade was not in a cluster and belongs to the class Betaproteobacteria . It has a 99% percentage similarity to the genus Acidovorax from NCBI Database but a weak bootstrap value that suggests lower confidence of it being grouped into that genus. Three sequences resulting from clade 2 (orange) are all from the phylum Bacteroidetes. The sequences are representing only 3.5% of all the rhizobacteria isolated. Two belong to the genus Flavobacterium (percentage similarity 84–99%) and supported by a bootstrap of 100%. The other sequence had an 89% percentage similarity to Sphingobacterium from the NCBI database and a bootstrap of 100%. Due to their low sequence similarity ,the sequences in this clade are most likely from new genera. Clade 3 (green) consisted of 18 sequences accounting for 21.1% of the sequences isolated. They all belong to the class Alpha proteobacteria . The genus Agrobacterium (percentage similarity 97–100%) and bootstrap of 97% formed the majority (66.7%) and polytomic section in this clade. Two sequences with percentage similarity of 99% and bootstrap of 98% clustered with significant support to indicate that they belong to the genus Rhizobium . Sinorhizobium (100% similarity) clustered with Rhizobium with a moderate bootstrap of 66%. The genus Sphingobium (98% similarity) with a bootstrap of 96% and the genus Caulobacter (100% similarity ) supported by a strong bootstrap also belonged to this clade. Clade 4 (red) accounted for only 4.7% of rhizosphere bacteria isolated from Lablab purpureus . The sequences were of three genera that belong to Actinomycetes. The genus Microbacterium (99% similarity), Athrobacter (93% similarity), Streptomyces (percentage similarity 98–99%) with respective bootstrap values of 93%, 93% and 100% to support that these sequences are indeed related to those genera. The 43 sequences derived from clade 5 (brown) represented 50.6% of all isolated sequences. This deeply branched clades’ sequences were all from the phylum Baciollota and from 9 genera. The genera Bacillus (percentage similarity 98–100%) with bootstrap values ranging from 51–99%, Exiguobacterium (percentage similarity 99–100%) with bootstrap range of 82–100%, Planococcus (percentage similarity 95–99%) with 100% bootstrap, Bhargavaea (percentage similarity of 95%) with 75% bootstrap and Peribacillus (percentage similarity 98–99%) with 100% bootstrap are all well supported to suggest they belong to those genera. The genera Niallia (99% similarity), Metabacillus (100% similarity), Neobacillus (98 to 99% similarity) and Priestia (percentage similarity 83–100%) had moderate bootstrap values of 50%, 61%, 50% and 50–100% respectively to support their groupings. 4. Discussion The catalase activity found in 94.1% of the isolated bacteria has evolutionary and advantageous implications for the Lablab purpureus bacteria association. Catalase-producing bacteria are extremely resilient to physical, chemical, and environmental stress (Kandjimi et al., 2015 ). Lablab purpureus thrives in challenging drought conditions with high daytime temperatures above 37°C, acidic soils, and low nutrient soils. In this study, culturable bacterial analysis of Lablab purpureus rhizosphere revealed a considerable bacteria diversity. Using colony morphology and 16S rRNA gene sequencing, 85 strains were identified. The identified genera were Bacillus, Streptomyces, Exiguobacterium, Stutzerimonas, Rhizobium, Acidovorax, Agrobacterium, Psychrobacter, Priestia, Planococcus, Bhargavaea, Stenotrophomonas, Caulobacter, Peribacillus, Niallia, Athrobacter, Sphingobium, Enterobacter, Sphingobacterium, Sinorhizobium, Flavobacterium, Microbacterium, Neobacillus, Metabacillus , and Pseudomonas. Bacteria in these genera have been found in literature to have PGP traits and can thus be useful in establishment of biofertilisers. In the study done by Di Benedetto et al., ( 2019 ) Pseudomonas produces siderophores and ammonium at different levels (high, moderate, or weak). Pseudomonas species produces auxins, and profoundly increases crop production when grown in artificially dry environments, directly influencing the promotion of plant growth under drought stress (Felestrino et al., 2017). Bacteria that are under an iron stress produce and secrete siderophores to bind iron (Di Benedetto et al., 2019 ). The same authors’ Bacillus isolates produced a lot of ammonium and showed a high level of nitrification. Their findings supported the ability of Bacillus and related genera to promote plant growth. Bacteria genera associated with potassium metabolism are Bacillus, Pseudomonas and Rhizobium and they achieved this by making potassium more available for plant use (Alawiye & Babalola, 2019 ). The same authors reported that rhizobia are involved in nitrogen fixation and nitrogen metabolism. Their findings also showed that Streptomyces species alleviated metal contamination stress in plants by producing siderophores. Priestia megaterium was described to increase plant disease resistance and exhibits promise as a future biocontrol agent (Li et al., 2022 ). Since they were able to demonstrate that this bacterium produces ACC deaminase, has nitrogen-fixing capabilities, secretes Indole Acetic Acid (IAA), and can solubilize both potassium and phosphate, the same authors claimed that it is a bacteria that promotes plant growth. In the study by Suharjono and Yuliatin ( 2022 ) Bacillus wiedmannii was found to release IAA hormone, had nitrogen-fixing properties as well as being able to solubilize phosphate in order to enhance plant growth. The same authors also reported that Pseudomonas putida quantified IAA and siderophores and enhanced phosphate solubilization. The genera Exiguobacterium , and Arthrobacter are capable of synthesising siderophores, nitrogen fixation, and phosphate solubilization; Arthrobacter is also capable of synthesising the hormone IAA (Brambilla et al., 2022 ). These authors also report that bacteria belonging to the genera Pseudomonas , Agrobacterium and Stenotrophomonas through endophytic associations can give plants nitrogen. The ethylene-producing precursor 1-amino-cyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) is also used by these three bacteria genera, which reduces the production of plant hormones produced in response to stressful conditions (Brambilla et al., 2022 ). Exiguobacterium bacteria are thought to be able to tolerate salinity stress and regulate secondary metabolites in plants (Basu et al., 2021 ). Moreover, Shen et al. ( 2019 ) state that Exiguobacterium is also of importance in microplastic degradation in the environment. The bacteria of the genus Niallia were found to be catalase positive and having optimum growth temperature of 30˚C. In nutrient agar, it seemed to also be able to grow in temperature range of 5–40˚C. Peribacillus bacteria produce siderophores, IAA, ACC deaminase, they are also phosphate solubilizing and are nitrogen fixing bacteria (Gaete et al., 2020 ). Romanenko et al. ( 2009 ) described Psychrobacter as being catalase positive and have an ability to grow at high temperature of 37˚C. Bacteria in this genus also have ACC deaminase activity, phosphate solubilizing activities and can produce indole and siderophores (Ramesh et al., 2014 ). Bacteria in the genus Acidovorax promote shoot and root growth and are also beneficial by reducing insect growth such as in the suppression of pests like aphids (Zytynska et al., 2020 ). These bacteria also compete with pathogens, and they produce hormones and secondary metabolites which promote plant growth (Siani et al., 2021 ). According to Manorama et al. ( 2009 ) the genus Bhargavaea is catalase positive and has an ideal growth temperature of 37˚C although the cells can also grow from 15–55˚C. Planococcus genus of bacteria has ACC deaminase, IAA production and is also phosphate solubilizing (Hakim et al., 2021 ). Boss et al. ( 2022 ) found Sphingobium to produce IAA and siderophores. The genus Stutzerimonas has bacteria with very useful biodegradation capabilities (Salvà-Serra et al., 2023 ). Caulobacter bacteria produce cytokinin, auxins and have ACC deaminase activity all of which help improve plant growth (Luo et al., 2019 ). According to Weyenberg and Yoshida ( 2015 ) phylogenetic trees can be used to organise various types of biological data and to make inferences about possible occurrences in an organism's evolutionary past. The consensus phylogenetic tree constructed (Fig. 4 ) shows how this study's isolates are related to the ones in the NCBI database. Five clades were observed (Fig. 4 ) in this study with various clusters and tight sub-clusters with strong bootstrap support. Berta et al. ( 2015 ) state that branches with high bootstrap values such as those in the range of 70–100% indicate greater confidence in those groupings. Genera that had groupings with bootstrap values of 100% were Exiguobacterium, Streptomyces, Peribacillus, Neobacillus and Flavobacterium . Some of these bacteria have been isolated before. Streptomyces have been isolated from rhizospheres and bulk soils of plants (Essel et al., 2019 ). Santoyo et al. ( 2021 ) state that Neobacillus is a common inhabitant of the rhizosphere. Exiguobacterium has been found in root nodules of fenugreek and the rhizosphere of cowpea (Dastager et al., 2010 ; Rajendran et al., 2012 ). Flavobacterium was isolated from wild legume nodules (Cardoso et al., 2018 ). Furthermore, Peribacillus has been isolated from soybean roots and the rhizosphere of pepper (Manetsberger et al., 2023 ; Song et al., 2020 ). The clusters with bootstrap values between 70–100% were found to be of the genera Agrobacterium, Pseudomonas, Sphingobacterium, Stutzerimonas, Planococcus, Bhargavaeae, Rhizobium, Caulobacter, Sphingobium, Psychrobacter, Enterobacter, Acidovorax, Stenotrophomonas, Sinorhizobium, Microbacterium, Athrobacter , and Priestia . This suggests that these clusters have close phylogenetic relatedness to their nearest matches in NCBI database and that the groupings that were observed are likely to be accurate and reflect the true evolutionary relationship among the bacteria (Berta et al., 2015 ). 5. Conclusions Analysis of Lablab purpureus rhizosphere revealed a great diversity of bacterial communities. The bacteria were found to belong to the genera Bacillus, Streptomyces, Exiguobacterium, Stutzerimonas, Rhizobium, Acidovorax, Agrobacterium, Psychrobacter, Priestia, Planococcus, Bhargavaea, Stenotrophomonas, Caulobacter, Peribacillus, Sphingobacterium, Niallia, Athrobacter, Sphingobium, Enterobacter, Sinorhizobium, Flavobacterium, Microbacterium, Metabacillus, Neobacillus , and Pseudomonas. These bacteria play a role in promoting plant growth and are very useful in the establishment of inoculums and biofertilisers to help improve plant growth and increase crop yields. This in turn will lead to the reduction in the use and over dependence of harmful chemical fertilisers on agricultural land. The bootstrap values seen in the phylogenetic trees of this study mostly fall within high values range. Indicating that the groupings that were observed are likely to be accurate and reflect the true evolutionary relationship among the bacteria. This study provides a foundation and a point of reference for potential future studies in understanding plant-microbe interactions in this drought tolerant legume, Lablab purpureus . Declarations Conflict of Interests On behalf of all authors, the corresponding author states that there is no conflict of interest. Funding Information This laboratory work was financed by the Institutional Research and Publication Committee (IRPC) of the Namibia University of Science and Technology (NUST). Author contributions Jean Damascène Uzabakiriho: Lead the research design of the isolation and identification of rhizosphere bacteria. Discussed the results and contributed to the final manuscript. Percy Chimwamurombe: Project conception, and article writing. Jeya Kennedy: Lead the research design and implementation. Collaborated in sample collection and contributed to the discussion and interpretation of the results. References Ahemad, M., & Kibret, M. (2014). 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A plant growth-promoting bacteria Priestia megaterium JR48 induces plant resistance to the crucifer black rot via a salicylic acid-dependent signaling pathway. Frontiers in Plant Science , 13 . doi:10.3389/fpls.2022.1046181 Kandjimi, O. S., Uzabakiriho, J.-D., & Chimwamurombe, P. M. (2015). Isolation and characterization of culturable bacteria from bulk soil samples and the rhizosphere of arid- adapted Tylosema esculentum (Burchell). A. Schreiber (Marama bean) in Namibia. African Journal of Biotechnology , 14 (11), 944–952. doi:10.5897/AJB2014.14257 Kumar, A. (2017). Quantitative Analysis of some Germplasms of lablab Bean in Uttar Pradesh. International Journal of Environment, Agriculture and Biotechnology , 2 (1), 40–45. doi:10.22161/ijeab/2.1.7 Luo, D., Langendries, S., Mendez, S. G., De Ryck, J., Liu, D., Beirinckx, S., Willems, A., Russinova, E., Debode, J., & Goormachtig, S. (2019). Plant growth promotion driven by a novel Caulobacter strain. Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions , 32 (9), 1162–1174. doi:10.1094/MPMI-12-18-0347-R Maass, B. L., Knox, M. R., Venkatesha, S. C., Angessa, T. T., Ramme, S., & Pengelly, B. C. (2010). Lablab purpureus-A Crop Lost for Africa? Tropical Plant Biology , 3 (3), 123–135. doi:10.1007/s12042-010-9046-1 Majeed, A., Kaleem Abbasi, M., Hameed, S., Imran, A., & Rahim, N. (2015). Isolation and characterization of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria from wheat rhizosphere and their effect on plant growth promotion. Frontiers in Microbiology , 6 , 1–10. doi:10.3389/fmicb.2015.00198 Manetsberger, J., Caballero Gómez, N., Soria-Rodríguez, C., Benomar, N., & Abriouel, H. (2023). Simply Versatile: The Use of Peribacillus simplex in Sustainable Agriculture. Microorganisms, 11 (10). doi:10.3390/microorganisms11102540 Manorama, R., Pindi, P. K., Reddy, G. S. N., & Shivaji, S. (2009). Bhargavaea cecembensis gen. nov., sp. nov., isolated from the Chagos-Laccadive ridge system in the Indian Ocean. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology , 59 (10), 2618–2623. doi:10.1099/ijs.0.002691-0 Minde, J. J., Venkataramana, P. B., & Matemu, A. O. (2020). Dolichos Lablab-an underutilised crop with future potentials for food and nutrition security: a review. Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition . doi:10.1080/10408398.2020.1775173 Ngure, D., Kinyua, M., & Kiplagat, O. (2021). Morphological and microsatellite characterization of improved Lablab purpureus genotypes. Journal of Plant Breeding and Crop Science , 13 (2), 23–34. doi:10.5897/JPBCS2020.0927 Omar, A. F., Abdelmageed, A. H. A., Al-Turki, A., Abdelhameid, N. M., Sayyed, R. Z., & Rehan, M. (2022). Exploring the Plant Growth-Promotion of Four Streptomyces Strains from Rhizosphere Soil to Enhance Cucumber Growth and Yield. Plants , 11 (23). doi:10.3390/plants11233316 Pervin, S., Jannat, B., Sanjee, S. Al, & Farzana, T. (2017). Characterization of Rhizobia from Root Nodule and Rhizosphere of Lablab purpureus and Vigna sinensis in Bangladesh. Turkish Journal of Agriculture Food Science and Technology , 5 (1), 14–17. doi:10.24925/turjaf.v5i1.14-17.743 Pesce, C., Kleiner, V. A., & Tisa, L. S. (2019). Simple colony PCR procedure for the filamentous actinobacteria Frankia . Antonie van Leeuwenhoek, International Journal of General and Molecular Microbiology , 112 (1), 109–114. doi:10.1007/s10482-018-1155-0 Raghu, B. R., Samuel, D. K., N, M., & S, A. T. (2018). Dolichos Bean: An underutilised and unexplored crop with immense potential. International Journal of Recent Advances in Multidisciplinary Research , 5 (12), 4338–4341. Rajendran, G., Patel, M. H., & Joshi, S. J. (2012). Isolation and characterization of nodule-associated Exiguobacterium sp. from the root nodules of fenugreek ( Trigonella foenum - graecum ) and their possible role in plant growth promotion. International Journal of Microbiology . doi:10.1155/2012/693982 Ramesh, A., Sharma, S. K., Sharma, M. P., Yadav, N., & Joshi, O. P. (2014). Plant Growth-Promoting Traits in Enterobacter cloacae subsp. dissolvens MDSR9 Isolated from Soybean Rhizosphere and its Impact on Growth and Nutrition of Soybean and Wheat Upon Inoculation. Agricultural Research , 3 (1), 53–66. doi:10.1007/s40003-014-0100-3 Romanenko, L. A., Tanaka, N., Frolova, G. M., & Mikhailov, V. V. (2009). Psychrobacter fulvigenes sp. nov., isolated from a marine crustacean from the Sea of Japan. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology , 59 (6), 1480–1486. doi:10.1099/ijs.0.007195-0 Salvà-Serra, F., Pérez-Pantoja, D., Donoso, R. A., Jaén-Luchoro, D., Fernández-Juárez, V., Engström-Jakobsson, H., Moore, E. R. B., Lalucat, J., & Bennasar-Figueras, A. (2023). Comparative genomics of Stutzerimonas balearica (Pseudomonas balearica ): diversity, habitats, and biodegradation of aromatic compounds. Frontiers in Microbiology , 14 . doi:10.3389/fmicb.2023.1159176 Santoyo, G., Alberto Urtis-Flores, C., Damián Loeza-Lara, P., del Carmen Orozco-Mosqueda, M., & Glick, B. R. (2021). Rhizosphere Colonization Determinants by Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR). Biology , 10 (475), 1–18. doi:10.3390/biology10060475 Shen, M., Zeng, G., Zhang, Y., Wen, X., Song, B., & Tang, W. (2019). Can biotechnology strategies effectively manage environmental (micro)plastics? Science of the Total Environment , 697 . doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134200 Shivachi, A., K, Kiplagat, O. K., & M, K. G. (2012). Microsatellite analysis of selected Lablab purpureus genotypes in Kenya. Rwanda Journal , 28 , 39–52. Siani, R., Stabl, G., Gutjahr, C., Schloter, M., & Radl, V. (2021). Acidovorax pan-genome reveals specific functional traits for plant beneficial and pathogenic plant-associations. Microbial Genomics , 7 (12). doi:10.1099/MGEN.0.000666 Song, J., Kim, S., An, J. H., Sang, M. K., & Weon, H. Y. (2020). Complete genome sequence of Peribacillus butanolivorans KJ40, a soil bacterium alleviating drought stress in plants. Korean Journal of Microbiology , 56 (4), 407–409. doi:10.7845/kjm.2020.0103 Suharjono, & Yuliatin, E. (2022). Bacteria communities of coffee plant rhizosphere and their potency as plant growth promoting. Biodiversitas , 23 (11), 5822–5834. doi:10.13057/biodiv/d231136 Weyenberg, G., & Yoshida, R. (2015). Reconstructing the Phylogeny: Computational Methods . Elsevier , 293-319. doi:10.1016/B978-0-12-801213-0.00012-5 Wu, Z., Liu, Q., Li, Z., Cheng, W., Sun, J., Guo, Z., Li, Y., Zhou, J., Meng, D., Li, H., Lei, P., & Yin, H. (2018). Environmental factors shaping the diversity of bacterial communities that promote rice production. BMC Microbiology , 18 (1), 1–11. doi:10.1186/s12866-018-1174-z Zahid, M., Kaleem Abbasi, M., Hameed, S., & Rahim, N. (2015). Isolation and identification of indigenous plant growth promoting rhizobacteria from Himalayan region of Kashmir and their effect on improving growth and nutrient contents of maize ( Zea mays L.). Frontiers in Microbiology , 6 (207), 1–10. doi:10.3389/fmicb.2015.00207 Zytynska, S. E., Eicher, M., Rothballer, M., & Weisser, W. W. (2020). Microbial-Mediated Plant Growth Promotion and Pest Suppression Varies Under Climate Change. Frontiers in Plant Science , 11 . doi:10.3389/fpls.2020.573578 Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Supplementary Files StrainIDswithnewgenbankaccessionnumbers.xlsx Cite Share Download PDF Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. 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Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {\"props\":{\"pageProps\":{\"initialData\":{\"identity\":\"rs-3821617\",\"acceptedTermsAndConditions\":true,\"allowDirectSubmit\":true,\"archivedVersions\":[],\"articleType\":\"Research Article\",\"associatedPublications\":[],\"authors\":[{\"id\":264349691,\"identity\":\"3811bf03-53e8-4015-af3f-51f3e308f299\",\"order_by\":0,\"name\":\"Faith Fransisca Kavishe\",\"email\":\"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAABA0lEQVRIiWNgGAWjYBAC9gbGBmYGhgQGBmYGNgaGCqAQM3MDXi08BxgbmxFazoC0MBLSwsAI0cIA1MLYBqIJaWE/3P64gCFN3uA4+7MHH+fVRvO3A7X8qNiGWwtPYmPzDIYcww2HecwNZ247njvjMGMDY8+Z2zi12DMAtfAwVDDObOZhk+bddiy3AaiFmbENtxYe/odgLfYzm9mfSf+dcyx3PkEtEmBbchL7mRnMpBkbanI3ENbysHE2j0Facj8zj5lkz7EDuRuBWg7i8wsPf/qDzzwVybZt/MefSfyoqcudd/7wwQc/KnBrgQADOOswmDxAQD0KqCNF8SgYBaNgFIwQAAC4TlcSdW9GygAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==\",\"orcid\":\"\",\"institution\":\"Namibia University of Science and Technology\",\"correspondingAuthor\":true,\"prefix\":\"\",\"firstName\":\"Faith\",\"middleName\":\"Fransisca\",\"lastName\":\"Kavishe\",\"suffix\":\"\"},{\"id\":264349692,\"identity\":\"c0fec6eb-073e-45d1-b9b5-3ae53411e139\",\"order_by\":1,\"name\":\"Jean Damascène Uzabakiriho\",\"email\":\"\",\"orcid\":\"\",\"institution\":\"University of 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14:44:14\",\"currentVersionCode\":1,\"declarations\":\"\",\"doi\":\"10.21203/rs.3.rs-3821617/v1\",\"doiUrl\":\"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-3821617/v1\",\"draftVersion\":[],\"editorialEvents\":[],\"editorialNote\":\"\",\"failedWorkflow\":false,\"files\":[{\"id\":49015918,\"identity\":\"6109cbe7-b013-47d6-9b38-fe121656162f\",\"added_by\":\"auto\",\"created_at\":\"2024-01-01 03:18:32\",\"extension\":\"png\",\"order_by\":1,\"title\":\"Figure 1\",\"display\":\"\",\"copyAsset\":false,\"role\":\"figure\",\"size\":274920,\"visible\":true,\"origin\":\"\",\"legend\":\"\\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cstrong\\u003eRoots from \\u003c/strong\\u003e\\u003cem\\u003e\\u003cstrong\\u003eLablab purpureus\\u003c/strong\\u003e\\u003c/em\\u003e\\u003cstrong\\u003e after uprooting the plant and shaking off excess soil from roots\\u003c/strong\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e\",\"description\":\"\",\"filename\":\"1.png\",\"url\":\"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-3821617/v1/bf2d6765e10a9132437cf24a.png\"},{\"id\":49015828,\"identity\":\"a47601f3-8797-4e3b-8324-78adbdd9b36d\",\"added_by\":\"auto\",\"created_at\":\"2024-01-01 03:10:32\",\"extension\":\"png\",\"order_by\":2,\"title\":\"Figure 2\",\"display\":\"\",\"copyAsset\":false,\"role\":\"figure\",\"size\":954490,\"visible\":true,\"origin\":\"\",\"legend\":\"\\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cstrong\\u003ePicture of some of the pure cultures of the rhizosphere bacteria isolated\\u003c/strong\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e\",\"description\":\"\",\"filename\":\"2.png\",\"url\":\"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-3821617/v1/6d06f18b299b7777c8c203fe.png\"},{\"id\":49015832,\"identity\":\"331df651-b518-4b54-b503-b655dfccbd60\",\"added_by\":\"auto\",\"created_at\":\"2024-01-01 03:10:32\",\"extension\":\"png\",\"order_by\":3,\"title\":\"Figure 3\",\"display\":\"\",\"copyAsset\":false,\"role\":\"figure\",\"size\":342163,\"visible\":true,\"origin\":\"\",\"legend\":\"\\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cstrong\\u003eAgarose gel of some of the 16s bacteria strains from colony PCR: L= 1kb DNA ladder and -VE= negative control\\u003c/strong\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e\",\"description\":\"\",\"filename\":\"3.png\",\"url\":\"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-3821617/v1/f8f95f22bb4353e45254eee5.png\"},{\"id\":49015917,\"identity\":\"310631f0-aaae-4bf2-a08c-6253ccb6adca\",\"added_by\":\"auto\",\"created_at\":\"2024-01-01 03:18:32\",\"extension\":\"png\",\"order_by\":4,\"title\":\"Figure 4\",\"display\":\"\",\"copyAsset\":false,\"role\":\"figure\",\"size\":557635,\"visible\":true,\"origin\":\"\",\"legend\":\"\\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cstrong\\u003eCircular consensus tree showing the phylogenetic relatedness of rhizosphere bacteria associated with \\u003c/strong\\u003e\\u003cem\\u003e\\u003cstrong\\u003eLablab purpureus \\u003c/strong\\u003e\\u003c/em\\u003e\\u003cstrong\\u003ebased on 16S rRNA gene sequences. The percentage of replicate trees (≥50%) in which the associated taxa clustered together in the bootstrap test (1000 replicates) are shown below the branches. The evolutionary history was inferred via the Neighbour-joining method using MEGA 11\\u003c/strong\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e\",\"description\":\"\",\"filename\":\"4.png\",\"url\":\"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-3821617/v1/b0c3b4d7ff5ac75a160c154d.png\"},{\"id\":49124502,\"identity\":\"085db9a3-8f34-4633-8340-5facea59dd90\",\"added_by\":\"auto\",\"created_at\":\"2024-01-03 14:37:25\",\"extension\":\"pdf\",\"order_by\":0,\"title\":\"\",\"display\":\"\",\"copyAsset\":false,\"role\":\"manuscript-pdf\",\"size\":2366106,\"visible\":true,\"origin\":\"\",\"legend\":\"\",\"description\":\"\",\"filename\":\"manuscript.pdf\",\"url\":\"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-3821617/v1/9947cf41-1596-4ba9-ad7c-0c8f2a41e49c.pdf\"},{\"id\":49015831,\"identity\":\"1579ab0e-a0d9-4af5-be2a-481a880113d2\",\"added_by\":\"auto\",\"created_at\":\"2024-01-01 03:10:32\",\"extension\":\"xlsx\",\"order_by\":1,\"title\":\"\",\"display\":\"\",\"copyAsset\":false,\"role\":\"supplement\",\"size\":14819,\"visible\":true,\"origin\":\"\",\"legend\":\"\",\"description\":\"\",\"filename\":\"StrainIDswithnewgenbankaccessionnumbers.xlsx\",\"url\":\"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-3821617/v1/9db3d71e1c271730a84c91db.xlsx\"}],\"financialInterests\":\"No competing interests reported.\",\"formattedTitle\":\"Identification of culturable bacteria associated with the rhizosphere of Lablab purpureus growing in Namibia\",\"fulltext\":[{\"header\":\"1. Introduction\",\"content\":\"\\u003cp\\u003eDolichos lablab (\\u003cem\\u003eLablab purpureus\\u003c/em\\u003e (L) Sweet) also known as Dolichos bean, Indian bean or Hyacinth bean is a perennial herb from the family \\u003cem\\u003eFabaceae\\u003c/em\\u003e endowed with high protein content and nutritional value (Raghu et al., 2018). This drought-tolerant under-utilised crop has a global social recognition that stretches from human food (vegetable and pulse) to soil fertility improvement to high-quality animal fodder (Kumar, \\u003cspan citationid=\\\"CR19\\\" class=\\\"CitationRef\\\"\\u003e2017\\u003c/span\\u003e; Minde et al., \\u003cspan citationid=\\\"CR25\\\" class=\\\"CitationRef\\\"\\u003e2020\\u003c/span\\u003e; Shivachi et al., 2012). This crop is indigenous to India and Africa and is mostly grown by small-scale farmers in the semi-arid, dry poor soils of Africa, Southeast Asia and America (Kumar, \\u003cspan citationid=\\\"CR19\\\" class=\\\"CitationRef\\\"\\u003e2017\\u003c/span\\u003e; Maass et al., \\u003cspan citationid=\\\"CR21\\\" class=\\\"CitationRef\\\"\\u003e2010\\u003c/span\\u003e; Minde et al., \\u003cspan citationid=\\\"CR25\\\" class=\\\"CitationRef\\\"\\u003e2020\\u003c/span\\u003e; Ngure et al., \\u003cspan citationid=\\\"CR26\\\" class=\\\"CitationRef\\\"\\u003e2021\\u003c/span\\u003e). Agricultural methods involving inappropriate use of chemical pesticides and fertilisers which are usually costly, not readily available and have caused environmental problems need to be addressed. Alternative ways of sustainably meeting agricultural demands involve using rhizobacteria or other microbial inoculants for plant growth and development (Majeed et al., \\u003cspan citationid=\\\"CR22\\\" class=\\\"CitationRef\\\"\\u003e2015\\u003c/span\\u003e).\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003eAccording to Pervin et al. (\\u003cspan citationid=\\\"CR28\\\" class=\\\"CitationRef\\\"\\u003e2017\\u003c/span\\u003e) plants have the unusual ability to form symbioses with soil bacteria. The exchange of resources between roots and the soil environment takes place in the rhizosphere, which is a biologically active interface around plant roots (Genitsaris et al., \\u003cspan citationid=\\\"CR15\\\" class=\\\"CitationRef\\\"\\u003e2020\\u003c/span\\u003e). Sugars, carbohydrates, and secondary metabolites released by plant roots shape the microbial community structures and have an impact on rhizosphere zone activities (Wu et al., \\u003cspan citationid=\\\"CR42\\\" class=\\\"CitationRef\\\"\\u003e2018\\u003c/span\\u003e). Different plant species have different amounts and qualities of these root exudates, and they can select particular microbial communities, including fungi and bacteria that have different roles in the soil (Berendensen et al., \\u003cspan citationid=\\\"CR5\\\" class=\\\"CitationRef\\\"\\u003e2012\\u003c/span\\u003e).\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003eRhizobacteria directly promote plant growth by controlling levels of plant hormones or by helping in procurement of essential minerals, phosphorus, and nitrogen; or indirectly as biocontrol agents that decrease the repressive effects that different pathogens have on plant growth (Ahemad \\u0026amp; Kibret, \\u003cspan citationid=\\\"CR1\\\" class=\\\"CitationRef\\\"\\u003e2014\\u003c/span\\u003e). They improve plant yield and growth when applied to seeds or crops and are usually mediated by root exudates such as siderophores, enzymes, sugars, and amino acids (Chaiharn et al., \\u003cspan citationid=\\\"CR9\\\" class=\\\"CitationRef\\\"\\u003e2008\\u003c/span\\u003e; Majeed et al., \\u003cspan citationid=\\\"CR22\\\" class=\\\"CitationRef\\\"\\u003e2015\\u003c/span\\u003e; Wu et al., \\u003cspan citationid=\\\"CR42\\\" class=\\\"CitationRef\\\"\\u003e2018\\u003c/span\\u003e). Rhizosphere bacteria are of great importance because they promote plant productivity by regulating nutrient mineralization, acting as environmental buffers, permitting decomposition, and by enhancing water relations (Basu et al., \\u003cspan citationid=\\\"CR4\\\" class=\\\"CitationRef\\\"\\u003e2021\\u003c/span\\u003e).\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003eIdentifying the rhizosphere bacteria growing in association with \\u003cem\\u003eLablab purpureus\\u003c/em\\u003e will shed some light on whether they have any role in plant growth promotion. It could elucidate how they adapt to the Namibian environment and can be useful in other agricultural practices. Moreover, information on the bacteria that are promoting its growth have the potential to increase other crops\\u0026rsquo; drought stress tolerance and thus be beneficial agricultural bioresources. The aim of this study was to isolate and identify the bacteria associated with \\u003cem\\u003eLablab purpureus\\u003c/em\\u003e rhizosphere.\\u003c/p\\u003e\"},{\"header\":\"2. Materials and Methods\",\"content\":\"\\u003cdiv id=\\\"Sec3\\\" class=\\\"Section2\\\"\\u003e \\u003ch2\\u003e2.1 Sample collection and process\\u003c/h2\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e \\u003cem\\u003eLablab purpureus\\u003c/em\\u003e root samples with bulk rhizosphere soil were collected from 2 varieties in Windhoek (Whk1 and Whk2) at Olympia suburb (Coordinates: -22.5652880, 17.1103930) and were placed in sterile individually labelled zip lock bags. These were then transported on ice to the laboratory for further analysis. Seeds from 5 bean accessions (IC-0623096, IC-0623072, HA 4, IC-0623005 and IC-0623043) were planted in pots containing soil from Bagani Research Centre and were taken to the lab for processing after they had shown the first 3 leaves.\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003eThe two (2) Windhoek varieties were purposefully sampled, whereas the other 5 varieties grown in the pots were randomly chosen from the other 24 varieties.\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003eThe plants in the pots were uprooted and shaken to get rid of the bulk soil (Fig.\\u0026nbsp;\\u003cspan refid=\\\"Fig1\\\" class=\\\"InternalRef\\\"\\u003e1\\u003c/span\\u003e). For the 2 Windhoek varieties, samples were aseptically removed from the zip lock bags and shaken off to get rid of bulk soil. Using a sterile blade, gloves and weighing boat, 0.3 grams of rhizosphere roots from each variety were weighed.\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e \\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/div\\u003e \\u003cdiv id=\\\"Sec4\\\" class=\\\"Section2\\\"\\u003e \\u003ch2\\u003e2.2 Isolation of Bacteria\\u003c/h2\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003eBy carefully placing 0.3 g of rhizosphere roots from each sample in 25 ml of sterile Phosphate buffered Saline (PBS) in a 50 ml falcon tube, rhizosphere bacteria were isolated from soil. The tube was then vortexed, and the suspension serial diluted to 10\\u003csup\\u003e\\u0026minus;\\u0026thinsp;10\\u003c/sup\\u003e. Thereafter, each dilution (100\\u0026micro;l) was spread on Luria Bertani (LB) agar, Tryptic soy agar (TSA), Rhizobium media agar and Yeast extract mannitol (YEM) Congo Red agar plates substituted with the fungicide nystatin (100 \\u0026micro;g/ml) and growth was observed until bacterial colonies appeared. Selected colonies were subcultured on the appropriate media until pure colonies were obtained (Fig.\\u0026nbsp;\\u003cspan refid=\\\"Fig2\\\" class=\\\"InternalRef\\\"\\u003e2\\u003c/span\\u003e).\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/div\\u003e \\u003cdiv id=\\\"Sec5\\\" class=\\\"Section2\\\"\\u003e \\u003ch2\\u003e2.3 Catalase Test\\u003c/h2\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003eUsing a sterile inoculation loop, a little bit of bacteria was spread onto a dry microscope slide. A drop of 3% hydrogen peroxide was applied to the bacteria using a pipette. The presence or absence of bubbles immediately gave an indication whether that bacterium is catalase negative or catalase positive (Kandjimi et al., \\u003cspan citationid=\\\"CR18\\\" class=\\\"CitationRef\\\"\\u003e2015\\u003c/span\\u003e).\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/div\\u003e \\u003cdiv id=\\\"Sec6\\\" class=\\\"Section2\\\"\\u003e \\u003ch2\\u003e2.4 DNA Extraction\\u003c/h2\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003eThe pure cultures of the strains were each inoculated in 100ml of fresh LB or tryptic soy broth and incubated for 48 hours to increase the mass of cells (Zahid et al., \\u003cspan citationid=\\\"CR43\\\" class=\\\"CitationRef\\\"\\u003e2015\\u003c/span\\u003e). The DNA from each isolate (strains 1\\u0026ndash;39) were extracted from the broth using the protocol from the Zymo bacteria DNA isolation Kit. The other strains that were not extracted from the kit, were used directly in colony PCR.\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/div\\u003e \\u003cdiv id=\\\"Sec7\\\" class=\\\"Section2\\\"\\u003e \\u003ch2\\u003e2.5 Conventional PCR of bacterial genomic DNA\\u003c/h2\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003eThe primers were purchased in lyophilized form from Inqaba Biotech (South Africa) and reconstituted in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions. From a stock solution of 100 \\u0026micro;M, a working solution (10 \\u0026micro;M) was made for each primer. They were kept until use at -20˚C.\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003ePrimers for 16S rRNA gene were 27F (5 ̍- AGAGTTTGATCMTGGCTCAG-3 ̍) and 1492R (5 ̍-CGGTTACCTTGTTACGACTT-3 ̍) with amplicon length of approximately 1500bp as described by (Zahid et al., \\u003cspan citationid=\\\"CR43\\\" class=\\\"CitationRef\\\"\\u003e2015\\u003c/span\\u003e).\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003eThe amplification conditions: Qualitative PCR was carried out following DNA extraction from the samples. A 25 \\u0026micro;l overall reaction made up of 12.5\\u0026micro;l of VWR Red Taq DNA Polymerase (2x MM) with buffer (2mM MgCL\\u003csub\\u003e2\\u003c/sub\\u003e) from Life Sciences, 3 \\u0026micro;l of template DNA from the samples, 7.5 \\u0026micro;l of nuclease-free water, and 1 \\u0026micro;l of both reverse and forward primer were used. Additionally, a negative control was included, consisting of all the components but with 3 \\u0026micro;l of nuclease-free water in place of the template DNA. This was carried out for all PCR processes. Conventional PCR was performed in the molecular biology laboratory at UNAM on a MULTIGENE OPTIMAX Cycler from Labnet International Inc. The conditions used were denaturation at 95˚C for 4 minutes, final denaturation at 95˚C for 1 minute; annealing at 55˚C for 30 seconds; extension at 72˚C for 1 minute; final extension at 72˚C for 1 minute and final hold at 4˚C.\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003eThe PCR products were examined using 2% gel electrophoresis. Using agarose gel with a 1kb ladder and 4ul of PCR products loaded onto it and the gel had been stained with Ethidium bromide. An image of the agarose gel was captured using a digital camera after it had been run for 45 minutes at 120V in a 1X TBE buffer.\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003eThe PCR bands that were visualised were those of about 1500bp in size and those amplicons were then sent to Inqaba Biotech for sequencing.\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/div\\u003e \\u003cdiv id=\\\"Sec8\\\" class=\\\"Section2\\\"\\u003e \\u003ch2\\u003e2.6 Colony PCR\\u003c/h2\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003eBacterial strains whose DNA was not extracted using the kit were used directly in colony PCR as described by (Pesce et al., \\u003cspan citationid=\\\"CR29\\\" class=\\\"CitationRef\\\"\\u003e2019\\u003c/span\\u003e) using the same 16S primer sequences. A single pure colony was aseptically picked and added to an Eppendorf tube that had 80 \\u0026micro;l of sterile distilled water. It was then vortexed for 15 minutes and thereafter incubated at 96˚C for 10 minutes. It was let to cool at 4˚C for ten minutes. PCR was performed using the supernatant.\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003eFor a 25 \\u0026micro;l colony PCR reaction, 11.5 \\u0026micro;l supernatant from the tubes was added to a PCR tube together with 12.5 \\u0026micro;l of the master mix and 1 \\u0026micro;l each of reverse and forward primers. The conditions used in the thermocycler were denaturation at 95˚C for 4minutes, final denaturation at 95˚C for 1 minute; annealing at 55˚C for 30 seconds; extension at 72˚C for 1 minute; final extension at 72˚C for 1 minute and final hold at 4˚C.\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003eThe PCR products were examined using 2% gel electrophoresis. The agarose gel had a 1kb ladder and 4ul of PCR products loaded onto it and the gel had been stained with Ethidium bromide. An image of the agarose gel was captured using a digital camera after it had been run for 45 minutes at 120V in a 1X TBE buffer.\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003eThe PCR bands that were visualised were those of about 1500bp in size and those amplicons were then sent to Inqaba Biotech for sequencing (Fig.\\u0026nbsp;\\u003cspan refid=\\\"Fig3\\\" class=\\\"InternalRef\\\"\\u003e3\\u003c/span\\u003e).\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/div\\u003e \\u003cdiv id=\\\"Sec9\\\" class=\\\"Section2\\\"\\u003e \\u003ch2\\u003e2.7 Isolate Identification and Phylogenetic analysis\\u003c/h2\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003eThe sequences were cleaned and edited using BioEdit software version 7.2.5 (Alzohairy, \\u003cspan citationid=\\\"CR3\\\" class=\\\"CitationRef\\\"\\u003e2011\\u003c/span\\u003e) and Chromas software version 2.6.6 (\\u003cspan class=\\\"ExternalRef\\\"\\u003e\\u003cspan class=\\\"RefSource\\\"\\u003ehttp://www.technelysium.com.au/chromas.html\\u003c/span\\u003e\\u003cspan address=\\\"http://www.technelysium.com.au/chromas.html\\\" targettype=\\\"URL\\\" class=\\\"RefTarget\\\"\\u003e\\u003c/span\\u003e\\u003c/span\\u003e). The Basic Local Alignment Search Tool (BLAST) program was used to align and analyse the DNA sequences to determine the closest matches (Table\\u0026nbsp;\\u003cspan refid=\\\"Tab1\\\" class=\\\"InternalRef\\\"\\u003e1\\u003c/span\\u003e). The MEGA version 11.0.13 was used to create the phylogenetic tree and inferred with neighbour joining in 1000 replicates of bootstrap. The bootstrap consensus tree (Fig.\\u0026nbsp;\\u003cspan refid=\\\"Fig4\\\" class=\\\"InternalRef\\\"\\u003e4\\u003c/span\\u003e) was obtained.\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/div\\u003e\"},{\"header\":\"3. Results\",\"content\":\"\\u003cp\\u003eA total of 85 bacterial strains were isolated from \\u003cem\\u003eLablab purpureus\\u003c/em\\u003e rhizosphere. 16S rRNA gene sequencing was used to identify the isolated bacteria.\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e \\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003cdiv id=\\\"Sec11\\\" class=\\\"Section2\\\"\\u003e \\u003ch2\\u003e3.1 Catalase reaction\\u003c/h2\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003eMost isolates were found to be catalase positive except strains: 6, 13, 72E, 72I and 72H representing 5.9% of all isolates.\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e \\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/div\\u003e \\u003cdiv id=\\\"Sec12\\\" class=\\\"Section2\\\"\\u003e \\u003ch2\\u003e3.2 Molecular Identification of bacteria strains\\u003c/h2\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003eFrom the \\u003cem\\u003eLablab purpureus\\u003c/em\\u003e rhizosphere soil samples, a total of 85 bacterial strains were isolated and identified using 16S rRNA gene sequencing (Table\\u0026nbsp;\\u003cspan refid=\\\"Tab1\\\" class=\\\"InternalRef\\\"\\u003e1\\u003c/span\\u003e). The sequences were also submitted to GenBank where accession numbers were assigned to them. Among the identified genera were \\u003cem\\u003eBacillus, Streptomyces, Exiguobacterium, Stutzerimonas, Rhizobium, Acidovorax, Agrobacterium, Psychrobacter, Priestia, Planococcus, Bhargavaea, Stenotrophomonas, Caulobacter, Peribacillus, Niallia, Athrobacter, Sphingobium\\u003c/em\\u003e and \\u003cem\\u003ePseudomonas.\\u003c/em\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e \\u003cdiv class=\\\"gridtable\\\"\\u003e\\u003ctable float=\\\"Yes\\\" id=\\\"Tab1\\\" border=\\\"1\\\"\\u003e \\u003ccaption language=\\\"En\\\"\\u003e \\u003cdiv class=\\\"CaptionNumber\\\"\\u003eTable 1\\u003c/div\\u003e \\u003cdiv class=\\\"CaptionContent\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003eMolecular identification of isolated bacterial strains based on 16S rDNA sequences\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/div\\u003e \\u003c/caption\\u003e \\u003ccolgroup cols=\\\"4\\\"\\u003e \\u003cdiv align=\\\"left\\\" class=\\\"colspec\\\" colname=\\\"c1\\\" colnum=\\\"1\\\"\\u003e\\u003c/div\\u003e \\u003cdiv align=\\\"left\\\" class=\\\"colspec\\\" colname=\\\"c2\\\" colnum=\\\"2\\\"\\u003e\\u003c/div\\u003e \\u003cdiv align=\\\"char\\\" char=\\\".\\\" class=\\\"colspec\\\" colname=\\\"c3\\\" colnum=\\\"3\\\"\\u003e\\u003c/div\\u003e \\u003cdiv align=\\\"left\\\" class=\\\"colspec\\\" colname=\\\"c4\\\" colnum=\\\"4\\\"\\u003e\\u003c/div\\u003e \\u003cthead\\u003e \\u003ctr\\u003e \\u003cth align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c1\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003eBacteria strain code\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/th\\u003e \\u003cth align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c2\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003eHomology to the reference strains\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/th\\u003e \\u003cth align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c3\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e% Percent Identity\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/th\\u003e \\u003cth align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c4\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003eAccession numbers from GenBank\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/th\\u003e \\u003c/tr\\u003e \\u003c/thead\\u003e \\u003ctbody\\u003e \\u003ctr\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c1\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e1\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c2\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cem\\u003eExiguobacterium aurantiacum\\u003c/em\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"char\\\" char=\\\".\\\" colname=\\\"c3\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e99.44\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c4\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003eOR921826\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003c/tr\\u003e \\u003ctr\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c1\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e2\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c2\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cem\\u003eStutzerimonas kunmingensis\\u003c/em\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"char\\\" char=\\\".\\\" colname=\\\"c3\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e99.13\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c4\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003eOR921827\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003c/tr\\u003e \\u003ctr\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c1\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e4\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c2\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cem\\u003ePeribacillus simplex\\u003c/em\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"char\\\" char=\\\".\\\" colname=\\\"c3\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e99.72\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c4\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003eOR921828\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003c/tr\\u003e \\u003ctr\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c1\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e5\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c2\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cem\\u003eBacillus wiedmannii\\u003c/em\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"char\\\" char=\\\".\\\" colname=\\\"c3\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e99.59\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c4\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003eOR921829\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003c/tr\\u003e \\u003ctr\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c1\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e5C\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c2\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cem\\u003ePeribacillus acanthi\\u003c/em\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"char\\\" char=\\\".\\\" colname=\\\"c3\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e98.77\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c4\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003eOR921830\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003c/tr\\u003e \\u003ctr\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c1\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e5D\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c2\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cem\\u003eAcidovorax delafieldii\\u003c/em\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"char\\\" char=\\\".\\\" colname=\\\"c3\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e99.14\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c4\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003eOR921831\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003c/tr\\u003e \\u003ctr\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c1\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e5E\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c2\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cem\\u003eAgrobacterium tumefaciens\\u003c/em\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"char\\\" char=\\\".\\\" colname=\\\"c3\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e99.71\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c4\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003eOR921832\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003c/tr\\u003e \\u003ctr\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c1\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e5F\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c2\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cem\\u003ePriestia aryabhattai\\u003c/em\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"char\\\" char=\\\".\\\" colname=\\\"c3\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e100.00\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c4\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003eOR921833\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003c/tr\\u003e \\u003ctr\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c1\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e6\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c2\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cem\\u003eMicrobacterium testaceum\\u003c/em\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"char\\\" char=\\\".\\\" colname=\\\"c3\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e99.87\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c4\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003eOR921834\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003c/tr\\u003e \\u003ctr\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c1\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e7\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c2\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cem\\u003ePriestia aryabhattai\\u003c/em\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"char\\\" char=\\\".\\\" colname=\\\"c3\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e99.86\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c4\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003eOR921835\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003c/tr\\u003e \\u003ctr\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c1\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e8\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c2\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cem\\u003ePlanococcus ruber\\u003c/em\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"char\\\" char=\\\".\\\" colname=\\\"c3\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e99.27\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c4\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003eOR921836\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003c/tr\\u003e \\u003ctr\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c1\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e9\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c2\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cem\\u003eBacillus wiedmannii\\u003c/em\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"char\\\" char=\\\".\\\" colname=\\\"c3\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e100.00\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c4\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003eOR921837\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003c/tr\\u003e \\u003ctr\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c1\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e10\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c2\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cem\\u003eStreptomyces caviscabies\\u003c/em\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"char\\\" char=\\\".\\\" colname=\\\"c3\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e98.61\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c4\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003eOR921838\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003c/tr\\u003e \\u003ctr\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c1\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e11\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c2\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cem\\u003eRhizobium rosettiformans\\u003c/em\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"char\\\" char=\\\".\\\" colname=\\\"c3\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e99.60\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c4\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003eOR921839\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003c/tr\\u003e \\u003ctr\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c1\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e12\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c2\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cem\\u003eBacillus albus\\u003c/em\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"char\\\" char=\\\".\\\" colname=\\\"c3\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e100.00\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c4\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003eOR921840\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003c/tr\\u003e \\u003ctr\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c1\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e13\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c2\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cem\\u003ePriestia megaterium\\u003c/em\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"char\\\" char=\\\".\\\" colname=\\\"c3\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e99.86\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c4\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003eOR921841\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003c/tr\\u003e \\u003ctr\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c1\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e14\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c2\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cem\\u003eAgrobacterium tumefaciens\\u003c/em\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"char\\\" char=\\\".\\\" colname=\\\"c3\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e100.00\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c4\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003eOR921842\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003c/tr\\u003e \\u003ctr\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c1\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e15\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c2\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cem\\u003eAgrobacterium tumefaciens\\u003c/em\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"char\\\" char=\\\".\\\" colname=\\\"c3\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e98.70\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c4\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003eOR921843\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003c/tr\\u003e \\u003ctr\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c1\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e16\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c2\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cem\\u003eExiguobacterium mexicanum\\u003c/em\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"char\\\" char=\\\".\\\" colname=\\\"c3\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e99.87\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c4\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003eOR921844\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003c/tr\\u003e \\u003ctr\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c1\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e16B\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c2\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cem\\u003eExiguobacterium mexicanum\\u003c/em\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"char\\\" char=\\\".\\\" colname=\\\"c3\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e100.00\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c4\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003eOR921845\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003c/tr\\u003e \\u003ctr\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c1\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e17\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c2\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cem\\u003eStenotrophomonas maltophilia\\u003c/em\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"char\\\" char=\\\".\\\" colname=\\\"c3\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e99.34\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c4\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003eOR921846\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003c/tr\\u003e \\u003ctr\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c1\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e18\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c2\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cem\\u003eAgrobacterium fabrum\\u003c/em\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"char\\\" char=\\\".\\\" colname=\\\"c3\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e97.98\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c4\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003eOR921847\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003c/tr\\u003e \\u003ctr\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c1\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e19\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c2\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cem\\u003ePseudomonas japonica\\u003c/em\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"char\\\" char=\\\".\\\" colname=\\\"c3\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e99.76\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c4\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003eOR921848\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003c/tr\\u003e \\u003ctr\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c1\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e20\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c2\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cem\\u003eAgrobacterium pusense\\u003c/em\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"char\\\" char=\\\".\\\" colname=\\\"c3\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e99.62\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c4\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003eOR921849\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003c/tr\\u003e \\u003ctr\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c1\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e21\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c2\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cem\\u003eBacillus licheniformis\\u003c/em\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"char\\\" char=\\\".\\\" colname=\\\"c3\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e99.88\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c4\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003eOR921850\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003c/tr\\u003e \\u003ctr\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c1\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e22\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c2\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cem\\u003eBhargavaea cecembensis\\u003c/em\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"char\\\" char=\\\".\\\" colname=\\\"c3\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e95.77\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c4\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003eOR921851\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003c/tr\\u003e \\u003ctr\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c1\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e23\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c2\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cem\\u003eBacillus fungorum\\u003c/em\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"char\\\" char=\\\".\\\" colname=\\\"c3\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e99.76\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c4\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003eOR921852\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003c/tr\\u003e \\u003ctr\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c1\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e24\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c2\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cem\\u003eBacillus cereus\\u003c/em\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"char\\\" char=\\\".\\\" colname=\\\"c3\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e99.77\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c4\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003eOR921853\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003c/tr\\u003e \\u003ctr\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c1\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e25\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c2\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cem\\u003ePriestia flexa\\u003c/em\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"char\\\" char=\\\".\\\" colname=\\\"c3\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e96.68\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c4\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003eOR921854\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003c/tr\\u003e \\u003ctr\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c1\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e26\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c2\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cem\\u003eBacillus cereus\\u003c/em\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"char\\\" char=\\\".\\\" colname=\\\"c3\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e99.76\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c4\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003eOR921855\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003c/tr\\u003e \\u003ctr\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c1\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e27\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c2\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cem\\u003eBacillus cereus\\u003c/em\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"char\\\" char=\\\".\\\" colname=\\\"c3\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e99.65\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c4\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003eOR921856\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003c/tr\\u003e \\u003ctr\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c1\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e28\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c2\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cem\\u003eBacillus amyloliquefaciens\\u003c/em\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"char\\\" char=\\\".\\\" colname=\\\"c3\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e100.00\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c4\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003eOR921857\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003c/tr\\u003e \\u003ctr\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c1\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e29\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c2\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cem\\u003eBacillus licheniformis\\u003c/em\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"char\\\" char=\\\".\\\" colname=\\\"c3\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e98.20\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c4\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003eOR921858\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003c/tr\\u003e \\u003ctr\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c1\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e30\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c2\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cem\\u003ePeribacillus frigoritolerans\\u003c/em\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"char\\\" char=\\\".\\\" colname=\\\"c3\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e99.88\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c4\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003eOR921859\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003c/tr\\u003e \\u003ctr\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c1\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e31\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c2\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cem\\u003eStutzerimonas chloritidismutans\\u003c/em\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"char\\\" char=\\\".\\\" colname=\\\"c3\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e98.92\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c4\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003eOR921860\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003c/tr\\u003e \\u003ctr\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c1\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e32\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c2\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cem\\u003eNiallia taxi\\u003c/em\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"char\\\" char=\\\".\\\" colname=\\\"c3\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e99.65\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c4\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003eOR921861\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003c/tr\\u003e \\u003ctr\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c1\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e33\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c2\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cem\\u003ePlanococcus plakortidis\\u003c/em\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"char\\\" char=\\\".\\\" colname=\\\"c3\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e95.59\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c4\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003eOR921862\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003c/tr\\u003e \\u003ctr\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c1\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e34\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c2\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cem\\u003eCaulobacteraceae bacterium\\u003c/em\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"char\\\" char=\\\".\\\" colname=\\\"c3\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e100.00\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c4\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003eOR921863\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003c/tr\\u003e \\u003ctr\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c1\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e35\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c2\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cem\\u003eBacillus subtilis\\u003c/em\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"char\\\" char=\\\".\\\" colname=\\\"c3\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e99.77\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c4\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003eOR921864\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003c/tr\\u003e \\u003ctr\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c1\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e36\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c2\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cem\\u003eBacillus wiedmannii\\u003c/em\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"char\\\" char=\\\".\\\" colname=\\\"c3\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e99.87\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c4\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003eOR921865\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003c/tr\\u003e \\u003ctr\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c1\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e37\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c2\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cem\\u003eArthrobacter sedimenti\\u003c/em\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"char\\\" char=\\\".\\\" colname=\\\"c3\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e93.60\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c4\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003eOR921866\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003c/tr\\u003e \\u003ctr\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c1\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e38\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c2\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cem\\u003eBacillus cereus\\u003c/em\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"char\\\" char=\\\".\\\" colname=\\\"c3\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e100.00\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c4\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003eOR921867\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003c/tr\\u003e \\u003ctr\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c1\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e39\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c2\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cem\\u003ePriestia megaterium\\u003c/em\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"char\\\" char=\\\".\\\" colname=\\\"c3\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e99.34\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c4\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003eOR921868\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003c/tr\\u003e \\u003ctr\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c1\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e72B\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c2\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cem\\u003eAgrobacterium tumefaciens\\u003c/em\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"char\\\" char=\\\".\\\" colname=\\\"c3\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e100.00\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c4\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003eOR921869\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003c/tr\\u003e \\u003ctr\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c1\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e72C\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c2\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cem\\u003eBacillus cereus\\u003c/em\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"char\\\" char=\\\".\\\" colname=\\\"c3\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e99.17\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c4\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003eOR921870\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003c/tr\\u003e \\u003ctr\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c1\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e72E\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c2\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cem\\u003eAgrobacterium tumefaciens\\u003c/em\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"char\\\" char=\\\".\\\" colname=\\\"c3\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e100.00\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c4\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003eOR921871\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003c/tr\\u003e \\u003ctr\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c1\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e72F\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c2\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cem\\u003ePseudomonas knackmussii\\u003c/em\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"char\\\" char=\\\".\\\" colname=\\\"c3\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e100.00\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c4\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003eOR921872\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003c/tr\\u003e \\u003ctr\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c1\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e72H\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c2\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cem\\u003eAgrobacterium tumefaciens\\u003c/em\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"char\\\" char=\\\".\\\" colname=\\\"c3\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e100.00\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c4\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003eOR921873\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003c/tr\\u003e \\u003ctr\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c1\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e72I\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c2\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cem\\u003eAgrobacterium tumefaciens\\u003c/em\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"char\\\" char=\\\".\\\" colname=\\\"c3\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e99.74\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c4\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003eOR921875\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003c/tr\\u003e \\u003ctr\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c1\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e72RA\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c2\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cem\\u003eAgrobacterium tumefaciens\\u003c/em\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"char\\\" char=\\\".\\\" colname=\\\"c3\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e99.86\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c4\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003eOR921876\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003c/tr\\u003e \\u003ctr\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c1\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e72RB\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c2\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cem\\u003eSphingobium mellinum\\u003c/em\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"char\\\" char=\\\".\\\" colname=\\\"c3\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e98.20\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c4\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003eOR921877\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003c/tr\\u003e \\u003ctr\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c1\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e72RC\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c2\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cem\\u003ePriestia megaterium\\u003c/em\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"char\\\" char=\\\".\\\" colname=\\\"c3\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e98.27\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c4\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003eOR921878\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003c/tr\\u003e \\u003ctr\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c1\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e72RD\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c2\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cem\\u003ePriestia flexa\\u003c/em\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"char\\\" char=\\\".\\\" colname=\\\"c3\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e83.53\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c4\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003eOR921879\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003c/tr\\u003e \\u003ctr\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c1\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e96B\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c2\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cem\\u003eBacillus wiedmannii\\u003c/em\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"char\\\" char=\\\".\\\" colname=\\\"c3\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e99.29\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c4\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003eOR921880\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003c/tr\\u003e \\u003ctr\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c1\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e96D\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c2\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cem\\u003eBacillus thuringiensis\\u003c/em\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"char\\\" char=\\\".\\\" colname=\\\"c3\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e100.00\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c4\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003eOR921881\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003c/tr\\u003e \\u003ctr\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c1\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e96L\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c2\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cem\\u003eBacillus toyonensis\\u003c/em\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"char\\\" char=\\\".\\\" colname=\\\"c3\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e99.43\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c4\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003eOR921882\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003c/tr\\u003e \\u003ctr\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c1\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e96M\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c2\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cem\\u003eNeobacillus niacini\\u003c/em\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"char\\\" char=\\\".\\\" colname=\\\"c3\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e99.29\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c4\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003eOR921883\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003c/tr\\u003e \\u003ctr\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c1\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e96N\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c2\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cem\\u003eNeobacillus niacini\\u003c/em\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"char\\\" char=\\\".\\\" colname=\\\"c3\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e98.43\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c4\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003eOR921884\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003c/tr\\u003e \\u003ctr\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c1\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e96S\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c2\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cem\\u003eAgrobacterium pusense\\u003c/em\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"char\\\" char=\\\".\\\" colname=\\\"c3\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e98.97\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c4\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003eOR921885\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003c/tr\\u003e \\u003ctr\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c1\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e96U\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c2\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cem\\u003eStreptomyces gardneri\\u003c/em\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"char\\\" char=\\\".\\\" colname=\\\"c3\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e99.72\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c4\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003eOR921886\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003c/tr\\u003e \\u003ctr\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c1\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e96V\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c2\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cem\\u003eAgrobacterium tumefaciens\\u003c/em\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"char\\\" char=\\\".\\\" colname=\\\"c3\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e99.86\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c4\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003eOR921887\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003c/tr\\u003e \\u003ctr\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c1\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e96X\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c2\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cem\\u003eFlavobacterium panacis\\u003c/em\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"char\\\" char=\\\".\\\" colname=\\\"c3\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e84.81\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c4\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003eOR921888\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003c/tr\\u003e \\u003ctr\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c1\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e96Z\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c2\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cem\\u003eBacillus subtilis\\u003c/em\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"char\\\" char=\\\".\\\" colname=\\\"c3\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e99.71\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c4\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003eOR921889\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003c/tr\\u003e \\u003ctr\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c1\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003eFB1\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c2\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cem\\u003eExiguobacterium mexicanum\\u003c/em\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"char\\\" char=\\\".\\\" colname=\\\"c3\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e99.31\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c4\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003eOR921890\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003c/tr\\u003e \\u003ctr\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c1\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003eHA2\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c2\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cem\\u003ePriestia megaterium\\u003c/em\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"char\\\" char=\\\".\\\" colname=\\\"c3\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e99.18\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c4\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003eOR921891\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003c/tr\\u003e \\u003ctr\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c1\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003eHA8\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c2\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cem\\u003eFlavobacterium anhuiense\\u003c/em\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"char\\\" char=\\\".\\\" colname=\\\"c3\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e99.25\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c4\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003eOR921892\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003c/tr\\u003e \\u003ctr\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c1\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003eHA11\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c2\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cem\\u003eRhizobium herbae\\u003c/em\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"char\\\" char=\\\".\\\" colname=\\\"c3\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e98.64\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c4\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003eOR921893\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003c/tr\\u003e \\u003ctr\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c1\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003eHAC\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c2\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cem\\u003eEnterobacter cloacaes\\u003c/em\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"char\\\" char=\\\".\\\" colname=\\\"c3\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e99.87\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c4\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003eOR921894\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003c/tr\\u003e \\u003ctr\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c1\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003eHAD\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c2\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cem\\u003ePsychrobacter nivimaris\\u003c/em\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"char\\\" char=\\\".\\\" colname=\\\"c3\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e99.42\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c4\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003eOR921895\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003c/tr\\u003e \\u003ctr\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c1\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003eHAE\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c2\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cem\\u003ePsychrobacter namhaensis\\u003c/em\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"char\\\" char=\\\".\\\" colname=\\\"c3\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e96.73\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c4\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003eOR921896\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003c/tr\\u003e \\u003ctr\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c1\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003eHAF\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c2\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cem\\u003eBacillus thuringiensis\\u003c/em\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"char\\\" char=\\\".\\\" colname=\\\"c3\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e99.43\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c4\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003eOR921897\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003c/tr\\u003e \\u003ctr\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c1\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003eHAG\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c2\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cem\\u003eStutzerimonas stutzeri\\u003c/em\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"char\\\" char=\\\".\\\" colname=\\\"c3\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e99.30\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c4\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003eOR921898\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003c/tr\\u003e \\u003ctr\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c1\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003eHAH\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c2\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cem\\u003eSinorhizobium meliloti\\u003c/em\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"char\\\" char=\\\".\\\" colname=\\\"c3\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e100.00\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c4\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003eOR921899\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003c/tr\\u003e \\u003ctr\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c1\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003ePG1\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c2\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cem\\u003eSphingobacterium zeae\\u003c/em\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"char\\\" char=\\\".\\\" colname=\\\"c3\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e89.38\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c4\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003eOR921900\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003c/tr\\u003e \\u003ctr\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c1\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003ePG4\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c2\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cem\\u003ePseudomonas koreensis\\u003c/em\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"char\\\" char=\\\".\\\" colname=\\\"c3\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e98.35\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c4\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003eOR921901\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003c/tr\\u003e \\u003ctr\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c1\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003ePG10\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c2\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cem\\u003ePseudomonas koreensis\\u003c/em\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"char\\\" char=\\\".\\\" colname=\\\"c3\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e99.86\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c4\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003eOR921902\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003c/tr\\u003e \\u003ctr\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c1\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003ePG14\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c2\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cem\\u003ePseudomonas koreensis\\u003c/em\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"char\\\" char=\\\".\\\" colname=\\\"c3\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e99.86\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c4\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003eOR921903\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003c/tr\\u003e \\u003ctr\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c1\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003ePG15\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c2\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cem\\u003eStenotrophomonas lacuserhaii\\u003c/em\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"char\\\" char=\\\".\\\" colname=\\\"c3\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e99.61\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c4\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003eOR921904\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003c/tr\\u003e \\u003ctr\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c1\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003ePG18\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c2\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cem\\u003eMetabacillus niabensis\\u003c/em\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"char\\\" char=\\\".\\\" colname=\\\"c3\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e100.00\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c4\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003eOR921905\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003c/tr\\u003e \\u003ctr\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c1\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003ePG19\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c2\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cem\\u003ePseudomonas poae\\u003c/em\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"char\\\" char=\\\".\\\" colname=\\\"c3\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e98.87\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c4\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003eOR921906\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003c/tr\\u003e \\u003ctr\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c1\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003ePP1\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c2\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cem\\u003eBacillus cereus\\u003c/em\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"char\\\" char=\\\".\\\" colname=\\\"c3\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e100.00\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c4\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003eOR921907\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003c/tr\\u003e \\u003ctr\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c1\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003ePP2\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c2\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cem\\u003eStenotrophomonas maltophilia\\u003c/em\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"char\\\" char=\\\".\\\" colname=\\\"c3\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e99.86\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c4\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003eOR921908\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003c/tr\\u003e \\u003ctr\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c1\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003ePPA\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c2\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cem\\u003eAgrobacterium tumefaciens\\u003c/em\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"char\\\" char=\\\".\\\" colname=\\\"c3\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e100.00\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c4\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003eOR921909\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003c/tr\\u003e \\u003ctr\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c1\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003ePPB\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c2\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cem\\u003ePseudomonas canavaninivorans\\u003c/em\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"char\\\" char=\\\".\\\" colname=\\\"c3\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e99.55\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c4\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003eOR921910\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003c/tr\\u003e \\u003ctr\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c1\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003ePPF\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c2\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cem\\u003ePriestia aryabhattai\\u003c/em\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"char\\\" char=\\\".\\\" colname=\\\"c3\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e100.00\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003ctd align=\\\"left\\\" colname=\\\"c4\\\"\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003eOR921911\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/td\\u003e \\u003c/tr\\u003e \\u003c/tbody\\u003e \\u003c/colgroup\\u003e \\u003c/table\\u003e\\u003c/div\\u003e \\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/div\\u003e \\u003cdiv id=\\\"Sec13\\\" class=\\\"Section2\\\"\\u003e \\u003ch2\\u003e3.3 Phylogenetic analysis\\u003c/h2\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003eClade one (purple colour) in Fig.\\u0026nbsp;\\u003cspan refid=\\\"Fig4\\\" class=\\\"InternalRef\\\"\\u003e4\\u003c/span\\u003e consists of 17 sequences representing 20% of the rhizobacteria isolated. This clade consisted of six different genera, five of which belong to the \\u003cem\\u003eGamma proteobacteria. Stutzerimonas\\u003c/em\\u003e had a percentage similarity of 98\\u0026ndash;99% to the closest strain from the NCBI database and was supported by strong bootstrap values\\u0026thinsp;\\u0026gt;\\u0026thinsp;95%, \\u003cem\\u003ePseudomonas\\u003c/em\\u003e (percentage similarity of 98\\u0026ndash;99%) with a bootstrap of 98%, \\u003cem\\u003ePsychrobacter\\u003c/em\\u003e (percentage similarity 96\\u0026ndash;99%) with a bootstrap of 100%, \\u003cem\\u003eStenotrophomonas\\u003c/em\\u003e (99% similarity) supported by a 100% bootstrap value and \\u003cem\\u003eEnterobacter\\u003c/em\\u003e (99% similarity) also with a bootstrap of 100%. This suggests that they belong to those genera. One sequence in this clade was not in a cluster and belongs to the class \\u003cem\\u003eBetaproteobacteria\\u003c/em\\u003e. It has a 99% percentage similarity to the genus \\u003cem\\u003eAcidovorax\\u003c/em\\u003e from NCBI Database but a weak bootstrap value that suggests lower confidence of it being grouped into that genus.\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003eThree sequences resulting from clade 2 (orange) are all from the phylum \\u003cem\\u003eBacteroidetes.\\u003c/em\\u003e The sequences are representing only 3.5% of all the rhizobacteria isolated. Two belong to the genus \\u003cem\\u003eFlavobacterium\\u003c/em\\u003e (percentage similarity 84\\u0026ndash;99%) and supported by a bootstrap of 100%. The other sequence had an 89% percentage similarity to \\u003cem\\u003eSphingobacterium\\u003c/em\\u003e from the NCBI database and a bootstrap of 100%. Due to their low sequence similarity ,the sequences in this clade are most likely from new genera.\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003eClade 3 (green) consisted of 18 sequences accounting for 21.1% of the sequences isolated. They all belong to the class \\u003cem\\u003eAlpha proteobacteria\\u003c/em\\u003e. The genus \\u003cem\\u003eAgrobacterium\\u003c/em\\u003e (percentage similarity 97\\u0026ndash;100%) and bootstrap of 97% formed the majority (66.7%) and polytomic section in this clade. Two sequences with percentage similarity of 99% and bootstrap of 98% clustered with significant support to indicate that they belong to the genus \\u003cem\\u003eRhizobium\\u003c/em\\u003e. \\u003cem\\u003eSinorhizobium\\u003c/em\\u003e (100% similarity) clustered with \\u003cem\\u003eRhizobium\\u003c/em\\u003e with a moderate bootstrap of 66%. The genus \\u003cem\\u003eSphingobium\\u003c/em\\u003e (98% similarity) with a bootstrap of 96% and the genus \\u003cem\\u003eCaulobacter\\u003c/em\\u003e (100% similarity\\u003cem\\u003e)\\u003c/em\\u003e supported by a strong bootstrap also belonged to this clade.\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003eClade 4 (red) accounted for only 4.7% of rhizosphere bacteria isolated from \\u003cem\\u003eLablab purpureus\\u003c/em\\u003e. The sequences were of three genera that belong to \\u003cem\\u003eActinomycetes.\\u003c/em\\u003e The genus \\u003cem\\u003eMicrobacterium\\u003c/em\\u003e (99% similarity), \\u003cem\\u003eAthrobacter\\u003c/em\\u003e (93% similarity), \\u003cem\\u003eStreptomyces\\u003c/em\\u003e (percentage similarity 98\\u0026ndash;99%) with respective bootstrap values of 93%, 93% and 100% to support that these sequences are indeed related to those genera.\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003eThe 43 sequences derived from clade 5 (brown) represented 50.6% of all isolated sequences. This deeply branched clades\\u0026rsquo; sequences were all from the phylum \\u003cem\\u003eBaciollota\\u003c/em\\u003e and from 9 genera. The genera \\u003cem\\u003eBacillus\\u003c/em\\u003e (percentage similarity 98\\u0026ndash;100%) with bootstrap values ranging from 51\\u0026ndash;99%, \\u003cem\\u003eExiguobacterium\\u003c/em\\u003e (percentage similarity 99\\u0026ndash;100%) with bootstrap range of 82\\u0026ndash;100%, \\u003cem\\u003ePlanococcus\\u003c/em\\u003e (percentage similarity 95\\u0026ndash;99%) with 100% bootstrap, \\u003cem\\u003eBhargavaea\\u003c/em\\u003e (percentage similarity of 95%) with 75% bootstrap and \\u003cem\\u003ePeribacillus\\u003c/em\\u003e (percentage similarity 98\\u0026ndash;99%) with 100% bootstrap are all well supported to suggest they belong to those genera. The genera \\u003cem\\u003eNiallia\\u003c/em\\u003e (99% similarity), \\u003cem\\u003eMetabacillus\\u003c/em\\u003e (100% similarity), \\u003cem\\u003eNeobacillus\\u003c/em\\u003e (98 to 99% similarity) and \\u003cem\\u003ePriestia\\u003c/em\\u003e (percentage similarity 83\\u0026ndash;100%) had moderate bootstrap values of 50%, 61%, 50% and 50\\u0026ndash;100% respectively to support their groupings.\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e \\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003c/div\\u003e\"},{\"header\":\"4. Discussion\",\"content\":\"\\u003cp\\u003eThe catalase activity found in 94.1% of the isolated bacteria has evolutionary and advantageous implications for the \\u003cem\\u003eLablab purpureus\\u003c/em\\u003e bacteria association. Catalase-producing bacteria are extremely resilient to physical, chemical, and environmental stress (Kandjimi et al., \\u003cspan citationid=\\\"CR18\\\" class=\\\"CitationRef\\\"\\u003e2015\\u003c/span\\u003e). \\u003cem\\u003eLablab purpureus\\u003c/em\\u003e thrives in challenging drought conditions with high daytime temperatures above 37\\u0026deg;C, acidic soils, and low nutrient soils.\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003eIn this study, culturable bacterial analysis of \\u003cem\\u003eLablab purpureus\\u003c/em\\u003e rhizosphere revealed a considerable bacteria diversity. Using colony morphology and 16S rRNA gene sequencing, 85 strains were identified. The identified genera were \\u003cem\\u003eBacillus, Streptomyces, Exiguobacterium, Stutzerimonas, Rhizobium, Acidovorax, Agrobacterium, Psychrobacter, Priestia, Planococcus, Bhargavaea, Stenotrophomonas, Caulobacter, Peribacillus, Niallia, Athrobacter, Sphingobium, Enterobacter, Sphingobacterium, Sinorhizobium, Flavobacterium, Microbacterium, Neobacillus, Metabacillus\\u003c/em\\u003e, and \\u003cem\\u003ePseudomonas.\\u003c/em\\u003e Bacteria in these genera have been found in literature to have PGP traits and can thus be useful in establishment of biofertilisers.\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003eIn the study done by Di Benedetto et al., (\\u003cspan citationid=\\\"CR12\\\" class=\\\"CitationRef\\\"\\u003e2019\\u003c/span\\u003e) \\u003cem\\u003ePseudomonas\\u003c/em\\u003e produces siderophores and ammonium at different levels (high, moderate, or weak). \\u003cem\\u003ePseudomonas\\u003c/em\\u003e species produces auxins, and profoundly increases crop production when grown in artificially dry environments, directly influencing the promotion of plant growth under drought stress (Felestrino et al., 2017). Bacteria that are under an iron stress produce and secrete siderophores to bind iron (Di Benedetto et al., \\u003cspan citationid=\\\"CR12\\\" class=\\\"CitationRef\\\"\\u003e2019\\u003c/span\\u003e). The same authors\\u0026rsquo; \\u003cem\\u003eBacillus\\u003c/em\\u003e isolates produced a lot of ammonium and showed a high level of nitrification. Their findings supported the ability of \\u003cem\\u003eBacillus\\u003c/em\\u003e and related genera to promote plant growth.\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003eBacteria genera associated with potassium metabolism are \\u003cem\\u003eBacillus, Pseudomonas\\u003c/em\\u003e and \\u003cem\\u003eRhizobium\\u003c/em\\u003e and they achieved this by making potassium more available for plant use (Alawiye \\u0026amp; Babalola, \\u003cspan citationid=\\\"CR2\\\" class=\\\"CitationRef\\\"\\u003e2019\\u003c/span\\u003e). The same authors reported that rhizobia are involved in nitrogen fixation and nitrogen metabolism. Their findings also showed that \\u003cem\\u003eStreptomyces\\u003c/em\\u003e species alleviated metal contamination stress in plants by producing siderophores.\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e \\u003cem\\u003ePriestia megaterium\\u003c/em\\u003e was described to increase plant disease resistance and exhibits promise as a future biocontrol agent (Li et al., \\u003cspan citationid=\\\"CR17\\\" class=\\\"CitationRef\\\"\\u003e2022\\u003c/span\\u003e). Since they were able to demonstrate that this bacterium produces ACC deaminase, has nitrogen-fixing capabilities, secretes Indole Acetic Acid (IAA), and can solubilize both potassium and phosphate, the same authors claimed that it is a bacteria that promotes plant growth.\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003eIn the study by Suharjono and Yuliatin (\\u003cspan citationid=\\\"CR40\\\" class=\\\"CitationRef\\\"\\u003e2022\\u003c/span\\u003e) \\u003cem\\u003eBacillus wiedmannii\\u003c/em\\u003e was found to release IAA hormone, had nitrogen-fixing properties as well as being able to solubilize phosphate in order to enhance plant growth. The same authors also reported that \\u003cem\\u003ePseudomonas putida\\u003c/em\\u003e quantified IAA and siderophores and enhanced phosphate solubilization.\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003eThe genera \\u003cem\\u003eExiguobacterium\\u003c/em\\u003e, and \\u003cem\\u003eArthrobacter\\u003c/em\\u003e are capable of synthesising siderophores, nitrogen fixation, and phosphate solubilization; \\u003cem\\u003eArthrobacter\\u003c/em\\u003e is also capable of synthesising the hormone IAA (Brambilla et al., \\u003cspan citationid=\\\"CR8\\\" class=\\\"CitationRef\\\"\\u003e2022\\u003c/span\\u003e). These authors also report that bacteria belonging to the genera \\u003cem\\u003ePseudomonas\\u003c/em\\u003e, \\u003cem\\u003eAgrobacterium\\u003c/em\\u003e and \\u003cem\\u003eStenotrophomonas\\u003c/em\\u003e through endophytic associations can give plants nitrogen. The ethylene-producing precursor 1-amino-cyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) is also used by these three bacteria genera, which reduces the production of plant hormones produced in response to stressful conditions (Brambilla et al., \\u003cspan citationid=\\\"CR8\\\" class=\\\"CitationRef\\\"\\u003e2022\\u003c/span\\u003e). \\u003cem\\u003eExiguobacterium\\u003c/em\\u003e bacteria are thought to be able to tolerate salinity stress and regulate secondary metabolites in plants (Basu et al., \\u003cspan citationid=\\\"CR4\\\" class=\\\"CitationRef\\\"\\u003e2021\\u003c/span\\u003e). Moreover, Shen et al. (\\u003cspan citationid=\\\"CR36\\\" class=\\\"CitationRef\\\"\\u003e2019\\u003c/span\\u003e) state that \\u003cem\\u003eExiguobacterium\\u003c/em\\u003e is also of importance in microplastic degradation in the environment.\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003eThe bacteria of the genus \\u003cem\\u003eNiallia\\u003c/em\\u003e were found to be catalase positive and having optimum growth temperature of 30˚C. In nutrient agar, it seemed to also be able to grow in temperature range of 5\\u0026ndash;40˚C. \\u003cem\\u003ePeribacillus\\u003c/em\\u003e bacteria produce siderophores, IAA, ACC deaminase, they are also phosphate solubilizing and are nitrogen fixing bacteria (Gaete et al., \\u003cspan citationid=\\\"CR14\\\" class=\\\"CitationRef\\\"\\u003e2020\\u003c/span\\u003e).\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003eRomanenko et al. (\\u003cspan citationid=\\\"CR33\\\" class=\\\"CitationRef\\\"\\u003e2009\\u003c/span\\u003e) described \\u003cem\\u003ePsychrobacter\\u003c/em\\u003e as being catalase positive and have an ability to grow at high temperature of 37˚C. Bacteria in this genus also have ACC deaminase activity, phosphate solubilizing activities and can produce indole and siderophores (Ramesh et al., \\u003cspan citationid=\\\"CR32\\\" class=\\\"CitationRef\\\"\\u003e2014\\u003c/span\\u003e).\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003eBacteria in the genus \\u003cem\\u003eAcidovorax\\u003c/em\\u003e promote shoot and root growth and are also beneficial by reducing insect growth such as in the suppression of pests like aphids (Zytynska et al., \\u003cspan citationid=\\\"CR44\\\" class=\\\"CitationRef\\\"\\u003e2020\\u003c/span\\u003e). These bacteria also compete with pathogens, and they produce hormones and secondary metabolites which promote plant growth (Siani et al., \\u003cspan citationid=\\\"CR38\\\" class=\\\"CitationRef\\\"\\u003e2021\\u003c/span\\u003e). According to Manorama et al. (\\u003cspan citationid=\\\"CR24\\\" class=\\\"CitationRef\\\"\\u003e2009\\u003c/span\\u003e) the genus \\u003cem\\u003eBhargavaea\\u003c/em\\u003e is catalase positive and has an ideal growth temperature of 37˚C although the cells can also grow from 15\\u0026ndash;55˚C.\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003e \\u003cem\\u003ePlanococcus\\u003c/em\\u003e genus of bacteria has ACC deaminase, IAA production and is also phosphate solubilizing (Hakim et al., \\u003cspan citationid=\\\"CR16\\\" class=\\\"CitationRef\\\"\\u003e2021\\u003c/span\\u003e). Boss et al. (\\u003cspan citationid=\\\"CR7\\\" class=\\\"CitationRef\\\"\\u003e2022\\u003c/span\\u003e) found \\u003cem\\u003eSphingobium\\u003c/em\\u003e to produce IAA and siderophores. The genus \\u003cem\\u003eStutzerimonas\\u003c/em\\u003e has bacteria with very useful biodegradation capabilities (Salv\\u0026agrave;-Serra et al., \\u003cspan citationid=\\\"CR34\\\" class=\\\"CitationRef\\\"\\u003e2023\\u003c/span\\u003e). \\u003cem\\u003eCaulobacter\\u003c/em\\u003e bacteria produce cytokinin, auxins and have ACC deaminase activity all of which help improve plant growth (Luo et al., \\u003cspan citationid=\\\"CR20\\\" class=\\\"CitationRef\\\"\\u003e2019\\u003c/span\\u003e).\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003eAccording to Weyenberg and Yoshida (\\u003cspan citationid=\\\"CR41\\\" class=\\\"CitationRef\\\"\\u003e2015\\u003c/span\\u003e) phylogenetic trees can be used to organise various types of biological data and to make inferences about possible occurrences in an organism's evolutionary past. The consensus phylogenetic tree constructed (Fig.\\u0026nbsp;\\u003cspan refid=\\\"Fig4\\\" class=\\\"InternalRef\\\"\\u003e4\\u003c/span\\u003e) shows how this study's isolates are related to the ones in the NCBI database.\\u003c/p\\u003e \\u003cp\\u003eFive clades were observed (Fig.\\u0026nbsp;\\u003cspan refid=\\\"Fig4\\\" class=\\\"InternalRef\\\"\\u003e4\\u003c/span\\u003e) in this study with various clusters and tight sub-clusters with strong bootstrap support. Berta et al. (\\u003cspan citationid=\\\"CR6\\\" class=\\\"CitationRef\\\"\\u003e2015\\u003c/span\\u003e) state that branches with high bootstrap values such as those in the range of 70\\u0026ndash;100% indicate greater confidence in those groupings. Genera that had groupings with bootstrap values of 100% were \\u003cem\\u003eExiguobacterium, Streptomyces, Peribacillus, Neobacillus\\u003c/em\\u003e and \\u003cem\\u003eFlavobacterium\\u003c/em\\u003e. Some of these bacteria have been isolated before. \\u003cem\\u003eStreptomyces\\u003c/em\\u003e have been isolated from rhizospheres and bulk soils of plants (Essel et al., \\u003cspan citationid=\\\"CR13\\\" class=\\\"CitationRef\\\"\\u003e2019\\u003c/span\\u003e). Santoyo et al. (\\u003cspan citationid=\\\"CR35\\\" class=\\\"CitationRef\\\"\\u003e2021\\u003c/span\\u003e) state that \\u003cem\\u003eNeobacillus\\u003c/em\\u003e is a common inhabitant of the rhizosphere. \\u003cem\\u003eExiguobacterium\\u003c/em\\u003e has been found in root nodules of fenugreek and the rhizosphere of cowpea (Dastager et al., \\u003cspan citationid=\\\"CR11\\\" class=\\\"CitationRef\\\"\\u003e2010\\u003c/span\\u003e; Rajendran et al., \\u003cspan citationid=\\\"CR31\\\" class=\\\"CitationRef\\\"\\u003e2012\\u003c/span\\u003e). \\u003cem\\u003eFlavobacterium\\u003c/em\\u003e was isolated from wild legume nodules (Cardoso et al., \\u003cspan citationid=\\\"CR10\\\" class=\\\"CitationRef\\\"\\u003e2018\\u003c/span\\u003e). Furthermore, \\u003cem\\u003ePeribacillus\\u003c/em\\u003e has been isolated from soybean roots and the rhizosphere of pepper (Manetsberger et al., \\u003cspan citationid=\\\"CR23\\\" class=\\\"CitationRef\\\"\\u003e2023\\u003c/span\\u003e; Song et al., \\u003cspan citationid=\\\"CR39\\\" class=\\\"CitationRef\\\"\\u003e2020\\u003c/span\\u003e). The clusters with bootstrap values between 70\\u0026ndash;100% were found to be of the genera \\u003cem\\u003eAgrobacterium, Pseudomonas, Sphingobacterium, Stutzerimonas, Planococcus, Bhargavaeae, Rhizobium, Caulobacter, Sphingobium, Psychrobacter, Enterobacter, Acidovorax, Stenotrophomonas, Sinorhizobium, Microbacterium, Athrobacter\\u003c/em\\u003e, and \\u003cem\\u003ePriestia\\u003c/em\\u003e. This suggests that these clusters have close phylogenetic relatedness to their nearest matches in NCBI database and that the groupings that were observed are likely to be accurate and reflect the true evolutionary relationship among the bacteria (Berta et al., \\u003cspan citationid=\\\"CR6\\\" class=\\\"CitationRef\\\"\\u003e2015\\u003c/span\\u003e).\\u003c/p\\u003e\"},{\"header\":\"5. Conclusions\",\"content\":\"\\u003cp\\u003eAnalysis of \\u003cem\\u003eLablab purpureus\\u003c/em\\u003e rhizosphere revealed a great diversity of bacterial communities. The bacteria were found to belong to the genera \\u003cem\\u003eBacillus, Streptomyces, Exiguobacterium, Stutzerimonas, Rhizobium, Acidovorax, Agrobacterium, Psychrobacter, Priestia, Planococcus, Bhargavaea, Stenotrophomonas, Caulobacter, Peribacillus, Sphingobacterium, Niallia, Athrobacter, Sphingobium, Enterobacter, Sinorhizobium, Flavobacterium, Microbacterium, Metabacillus, Neobacillus\\u003c/em\\u003e, and \\u003cem\\u003ePseudomonas.\\u003c/em\\u003e These bacteria play a role in promoting plant growth and are very useful in the establishment of inoculums and biofertilisers to help improve plant growth and increase crop yields. This in turn will lead to the reduction in the use and over dependence of harmful chemical fertilisers on agricultural land. The bootstrap values seen in the phylogenetic trees of this study mostly fall within high values range. Indicating that the groupings that were observed are likely to be accurate and reflect the true evolutionary relationship among the bacteria. This study provides a foundation and a point of reference for potential future studies in understanding plant-microbe interactions in this drought tolerant legume, \\u003cem\\u003eLablab purpureus\\u003c/em\\u003e.\\u003c/p\\u003e\"},{\"header\":\"Declarations\",\"content\":\"\\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cstrong\\u003eConflict of Interests\\u003c/strong\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n\\u003cp\\u003eOn behalf of all authors, the corresponding author states that there is no conflict of interest.\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n\\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cstrong\\u003eFunding Information\\u0026nbsp;\\u003c/strong\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n\\u003cp\\u003eThis laboratory work was financed by the Institutional Research and Publication Committee (IRPC) of the Namibia University of Science and Technology (NUST).\\u0026nbsp;\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n\\u003cp\\u003e\\u003cstrong\\u003eAuthor contributions\\u003c/strong\\u003e\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n\\u003cp\\u003eJean Damasc\\u0026egrave;ne Uzabakiriho: Lead the research design\\u0026nbsp;of the isolation and identification of rhizosphere bacteria. Discussed the results and contributed to the final manuscript.\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n\\u003cp\\u003ePercy Chimwamurombe: Project conception, and article writing.\\u003c/p\\u003e\\n\\u003cp\\u003eJeya Kennedy: Lead the research design and implementation. \\u0026nbsp;Collaborated in sample collection and contributed to the discussion and interpretation of the results.\\u003c/p\\u003e\"},{\"header\":\"References\",\"content\":\"\\u003col\\u003e\\n\\u003cli\\u003eAhemad, M., \\u0026amp; Kibret, M. (2014). Mechanisms and applications of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria: Current perspective. \\u003cem\\u003eJournal of King Saud University Science\\u003c/em\\u003e, \\u003cem\\u003e26\\u003c/em\\u003e(1), 1\\u0026ndash;20. doi:10.1016/j.jksus.2013.05.001\\u003c/li\\u003e\\n\\u003cli\\u003eAlawiye, T. T., \\u0026amp; Babalola, O. O. (2019). 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The rhizosphere microbiome and plant health. \\u003cem\\u003eTrends in Plant Science\\u003c/em\\u003e, \\u003cem\\u003e17\\u003c/em\\u003e(8), 478\\u0026ndash;486. doi:10.1016/j.tplants.2012.04.001\\u003c/li\\u003e\\n\\u003cli\\u003eBerta, A., Sumich, J. L., \\u0026amp; Kovacs, K. M. (2015). Phylogeny, Taxonomy, and Classification. \\u003cem\\u003eMarine Mammals\\u003c/em\\u003e, 17\\u0026ndash;34. doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-397002-2.00002-8\\u003c/li\\u003e\\n\\u003cli\\u003eBoss, B. L., Wanees, A. E., Zaslow, S. J., Normile, T. G., \\u0026amp; Izquierdo, J. A. (2022). Comparative genomics of the plant-growth promoting bacterium \\u003cem\\u003eSphingobium\\u003c/em\\u003e sp. strain AEW4 isolated from the rhizosphere of the beachgrass \\u003cem\\u003eAmmophila breviligulata\\u003c/em\\u003e. \\u003cem\\u003eBMC Genomics\\u003c/em\\u003e, \\u003cem\\u003e23\\u003c/em\\u003e(1). doi:10.1186/s12864-022-08738-8\\u003c/li\\u003e\\n\\u003cli\\u003eBrambilla, S., Stritzler, M., Soto, G., \\u0026amp; Ayub, N. (2022). A synthesis of functional contributions of rhizobacteria to growth promotion in diverse crops. \\u003cem\\u003eRhizosphere,\\u003c/em\\u003e (24). doi:10.1016/j.rhisph.2022.100611\\u003c/li\\u003e\\n\\u003cli\\u003eChaiharn, M., Chunhaleuchanon, S., Kozo, A., \\u0026amp; Lumyong, S. (2008). 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Characterization of plant growth-promoting rhizobacterium \\u003cem\\u003eExiguobacterium\\u003c/em\\u003e NII-0906 for its growth promotion of cowpea (\\u003cem\\u003eVigna\\u003c/em\\u003e unguiculata). \\u003cem\\u003eBiologia\\u003c/em\\u003e, \\u003cem\\u003e65\\u003c/em\\u003e(2), 197\\u0026ndash;203. doi:10.2478/s11756-010-0010-1\\u003c/li\\u003e\\n\\u003cli\\u003eDi Benedetto, N. A., Campaniello, D., Bevilacqua, A., Cataldi, M. P., Sinigaglia, M., Flagella, Z., \\u0026amp; Corbo, M. R. (2019). Isolation, screening, and characterization of plant-growth-promoting bacteria from durum wheat rhizosphere to improve N and P nutrient use efficiency. \\u003cem\\u003eMicroorganisms\\u003c/em\\u003e, \\u003cem\\u003e7\\u003c/em\\u003e(11), 1\\u0026ndash;18. doi:10.3390/microorganisms7110541\\u003c/li\\u003e\\n\\u003cli\\u003eEssel, E., Xie, J., Deng, C., Peng, Z., Wang, J., Shen, J., Xie, J., Coulter, J. A., \\u0026amp; Li, L. (2019). Bacterial and fungal diversity in rhizosphere and bulk soil under different long-term tillage and cereal/legume rotation. \\u003cem\\u003eSoil and Tillage Research\\u003c/em\\u003e, \\u003cem\\u003e194\\u003c/em\\u003e. doi:10.1016/j.still.2019.104302\\u003c/li\\u003e\\n\\u003cli\\u003eGaete, A., Mandakovic, D., \\u0026amp; Gonz\\u0026aacute;lez, M. (2020). Isolation and identification of soil bacteria from extreme environments of Chile and their plant beneficial characteristics. \\u003cem\\u003eMicroorganisms\\u003c/em\\u003e, \\u003cem\\u003e8\\u003c/em\\u003e(8), 1\\u0026ndash;13. doi:10.3390/microorganisms8081213\\u003c/li\\u003e\\n\\u003cli\\u003eGenitsaris, S., Stefanidou, N., Leontidou, K., Matsi, T., Karamanoli, K., \\u0026amp; Mellidou, I. (2020). Bacterial communities in the rhizosphere and phyllosphere of halophytes and drought-tolerant plants in mediterranean ecosystems. \\u003cem\\u003eMicroorganisms\\u003c/em\\u003e, \\u003cem\\u003e8\\u003c/em\\u003e(1708), 1\\u0026ndash;20. doi:10.3390/microorganisms8111708\\u003c/li\\u003e\\n\\u003cli\\u003eHakim, S., Naqqash, T., Nawaz, M. S., Laraib, I., Siddique, M. J., Zia, R., Mirza, M. S., \\u0026amp; Imran, A. (2021). Rhizosphere Engineering with Plant Growth-Promoting Microorganisms for Agriculture and Ecological Sustainability. \\u003cem\\u003eFrontiers in Sustainable Food Systems,5\\u003c/em\\u003e. doi:10.3389/fsufs.2021.617157\\u003c/li\\u003e\\n\\u003cli\\u003eLi, Q., Hou, Z., Zhou, D., Jia, M., Lu, S., \\u0026amp; Yu, J. (2022). A plant growth-promoting bacteria \\u003cem\\u003ePriestia\\u003c/em\\u003e\\u003cem\\u003emegaterium\\u003c/em\\u003e JR48 induces plant resistance to the crucifer black rot via a salicylic acid-dependent signaling pathway. \\u003cem\\u003eFrontiers in Plant Science\\u003c/em\\u003e, \\u003cem\\u003e13\\u003c/em\\u003e. doi:10.3389/fpls.2022.1046181\\u003c/li\\u003e\\n\\u003cli\\u003eKandjimi, O. S., Uzabakiriho, J.-D., \\u0026amp; Chimwamurombe, P. M. (2015). Isolation and characterization of culturable bacteria from bulk soil samples and the rhizosphere of arid- adapted \\u003cem\\u003eTylosema esculentum\\u003c/em\\u003e (Burchell). A. Schreiber (Marama bean) in Namibia. \\u003cem\\u003eAfrican Journal of Biotechnology\\u003c/em\\u003e, \\u003cem\\u003e14\\u003c/em\\u003e(11), 944\\u0026ndash;952. doi:10.5897/AJB2014.14257\\u003c/li\\u003e\\n\\u003cli\\u003eKumar, A. (2017). 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Isolation and identification of indigenous plant growth promoting rhizobacteria from Himalayan region of Kashmir and their effect on improving growth and nutrient contents of maize (\\u003cem\\u003eZea mays\\u003c/em\\u003e L.). \\u003cem\\u003eFrontiers in Microbiology\\u003c/em\\u003e, \\u003cem\\u003e6\\u003c/em\\u003e(207), 1\\u0026ndash;10. doi:10.3389/fmicb.2015.00207\\u003c/li\\u003e\\n\\u003cli\\u003eZytynska, S. E., Eicher, M., Rothballer, M., \\u0026amp; Weisser, W. W. (2020). Microbial-Mediated Plant Growth Promotion and Pest Suppression Varies Under Climate Change. \\u003cem\\u003eFrontiers in Plant Science\\u003c/em\\u003e, \\u003cem\\u003e11\\u003c/em\\u003e. doi:10.3389/fpls.2020.573578\\u003c/li\\u003e\\n\\u003c/ol\\u003e\"}],\"fulltextSource\":\"\",\"fullText\":\"\",\"funders\":[],\"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow\":false,\"hasManuscriptDocX\":true,\"hasOptedInToPreprint\":true,\"hasPassedJournalQc\":\"\",\"hasAnyPriority\":true,\"hideJournal\":true,\"highlight\":\"\",\"institution\":\"\",\"isAcceptedByJournal\":false,\"isAuthorSuppliedPdf\":false,\"isDeskRejected\":\"\",\"isHiddenFromSearch\":false,\"isInQc\":false,\"isInWorkflow\":false,\"isPdf\":false,\"isPdfUpToDate\":true,\"isWithdrawnOrRetracted\":false,\"journal\":{\"display\":true,\"email\":\"info@researchsquare.com\",\"identity\":\"researchsquare\",\"isNatureJournal\":false,\"hasQc\":true,\"allowDirectSubmit\":true,\"externalIdentity\":\"\",\"sideBox\":\"\",\"snPcode\":\"\",\"submissionUrl\":\"/submission\",\"title\":\"Research Square\",\"twitterHandle\":\"researchsquare\",\"acdcEnabled\":true,\"dfaEnabled\":false,\"editorialSystem\":\"\",\"reportingPortfolio\":\"\",\"inReviewEnabled\":false,\"inReviewRevisionsEnabled\":true},\"keywords\":\"Rhizosphere bacteria, Rhizosphere, Lablab purpureus, Dolichos lablab, 16s rRNA, Namibia\",\"lastPublishedDoi\":\"10.21203/rs.3.rs-3821617/v1\",\"lastPublishedDoiUrl\":\"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-3821617/v1\",\"license\":{\"name\":\"CC BY 4.0\",\"url\":\"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/\"},\"manuscriptAbstract\":\"\\u003cp\\u003eDolichos lablab (\\u003cem\\u003eLablab purpureus\\u003c/em\\u003e (L.) Sweet)) is a multipurpose drought tolerant protein-rich legume crop native to Africa and grown in warm temperate to tropical climates for its edible seeds and manure. \\u003cem\\u003eLablab purpureus\\u003c/em\\u003e holds significant benefits to subsistence farmers and offers a great promise for sustainable crop productivity, especially in marginalised areas. Its uses range from human consumption as a vegetable to improving soil fertility, and as forage. Notwithstanding \\u003cem\\u003eLablab purpureus\\u003c/em\\u003e crucial potential functions in Namibia, there is currently limited information regarding the plant\\u0026rsquo;s rhizosphere bacteria. The study aimed at identifying \\u003cem\\u003eLablab purpureus\\u0026rsquo;\\u003c/em\\u003e natural rhizosphere bacteria. Isolation of rhizosphere bacteria involved the use of general media (Luria Bertani agar and tryptic soy agar); selective media such as Rhizobium and Yeast Extract Mannitol (YEM) Congo red from soil sample extracts. Eighty-five strains of bacteria were isolated and were subsequently identified by 16S rRNA gene sequencing analysis. The results showed that they belonged to the following genera, \\u003cem\\u003eBacillus, Streptomyces, Exiguobacterium, Stutzerimonas, Rhizobium, Acidovorax, Agrobacterium, Psychrobacter, Priestia, Planococcus, Bhargavaea, Stenotrophomonas, Caulobacter, Peribacillus, Niallia, Athrobacter, Sphingobium, Enterobacter, Sphingobacterium, Sinorhizobium, Flavobacterium, Microbacterium, Metabacillus, Neobacillus\\u003c/em\\u003e, and \\u003cem\\u003ePseudomonas\\u003c/em\\u003e which are reported to have growth promoting substances. The study highlighted the potential use of these plant growth promoting rhizobacteria for inocula production or biofertilisers for enhancing growth and nutrient content of beans and other crops under field conditions. The study was the first report of \\u003cem\\u003eLablab purpureus\\u0026rsquo;s\\u003c/em\\u003e rhizosphere associated bacteria in Namibia.\\u003c/p\\u003e\",\"manuscriptTitle\":\"Identification of culturable bacteria associated with the rhizosphere of Lablab purpureus growing in Namibia\",\"msid\":\"\",\"msnumber\":\"\",\"nonDraftVersions\":[{\"code\":1,\"date\":\"2024-01-01 03:10:27\",\"doi\":\"10.21203/rs.3.rs-3821617/v1\",\"editorialEvents\":[{\"type\":\"communityComments\",\"content\":0}],\"status\":\"published\",\"journal\":{\"display\":true,\"email\":\"info@researchsquare.com\",\"identity\":\"researchsquare\",\"isNatureJournal\":false,\"hasQc\":true,\"allowDirectSubmit\":true,\"externalIdentity\":\"\",\"sideBox\":\"\",\"snPcode\":\"\",\"submissionUrl\":\"/submission\",\"title\":\"Research Square\",\"twitterHandle\":\"researchsquare\",\"acdcEnabled\":true,\"dfaEnabled\":false,\"editorialSystem\":\"\",\"reportingPortfolio\":\"\",\"inReviewEnabled\":false,\"inReviewRevisionsEnabled\":true}}],\"origin\":\"\",\"ownerIdentity\":\"48ff5443-83ee-4950-9e96-3274c89ddc52\",\"owner\":[],\"postedDate\":\"January 1st, 2024\",\"published\":true,\"recentEditorialEvents\":[],\"rejectedJournal\":[],\"revision\":\"\",\"amendment\":\"\",\"status\":\"posted\",\"subjectAreas\":[],\"tags\":[],\"updatedAt\":\"2024-01-03T14:29:20+00:00\",\"versionOfRecord\":[],\"versionCreatedAt\":\"2024-01-01 03:10:27\",\"video\":\"\",\"vorDoi\":\"\",\"vorDoiUrl\":\"\",\"workflowStages\":[]},\"version\":\"v1\",\"identity\":\"rs-3821617\",\"journalConfig\":\"researchsquare\"},\"__N_SSP\":true},\"page\":\"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]\",\"query\":{\"redirect\":\"/article/rs-3821617\",\"identity\":\"rs-3821617\",\"version\":[\"v1\"]},\"buildId\":\"qtupq5eGEP_6zYnWcrvyt\",\"isFallback\":false,\"isExperimentalCompile\":false,\"dynamicIds\":[84888],\"gssp\":true,\"scriptLoader\":[]}","source_license":"CC-BY-4.0","license_restricted":false}