{"paper_id":"3a960d0f-0378-44ad-bfa8-3c3e8ee8beba","body_text":"Published online by Cambridge University Press: 10 July 2002\nAngiogenesis is defined as the formation of new blood vessels from the existing vasculature. Angiogenesis occurs regularly in the endometrium throughout the reproductive life of females as part of the rapid growth and regression of this tissue that occurs during the menstrual cycle. It is now clearly evident that angiogenesis plays a key role in reproductive processes such as embryo implantation, placentation, endometrial regeneration after menstruation, and in the ovary during folliculogenesis and corpus luteum formation. Given the complexity and continual change of the endometrial milieu, it seems highly likely that aberrations in the angiogenic process may contribute to various disorders, including endometrial cancer, endometriosis, menorrhagia and breakthrough bleeding – all significant and common gynaecological pathologies. This review provides an update on the mechanisms and regulation of endometrial angiogenesis, with particular reference to the role of angiogenesis in implantation and placentation, as well as two endometrial pathologies – endometriosis and breakthrough bleeding.\n- Type\n- Research Article\n- Information\n- Copyright\n- © 2002 Cambridge University Press\n- 8\n- Cited by\nCited by\nCrossref Citations\nZaitseva, Marina\nYue, Doris Sum\nKatzenellenbogen, John A.\nRogers, Peter A. W.\nand\nGargett, Caroline E.\n2004.\nEstrogen Receptor-α Agonists Promote Angiogenesis in Human Myometrial Microvascular Endothelial Cells.\nJournal of the Society for Gynecologic Investigation,\nVol. 11,\nIssue. 8,\np.\n529.\nGirling, J.E.\nHeryanto, B.\nPatel, N.\nand\nRogers, P.A.W.\n2004.\nEffect of long-term progestin treatment on endometrial vasculature in normal cycling mice.\nContraception,\nVol. 70,\nIssue. 4,\np.\n343.\nGirling, Jane E.\nand\nRogers, Peter A.W.\n2005.\nRecent advances in endometrial angiogenesis research.\nAngiogenesis,\nVol. 8,\nIssue. 2,\np.\n89.\nHickey, M.\nKrikun, G.\nKodaman, P.\nSchatz, Frederick\nCarati, C.\nand\nLockwood, C. J.\n2006.\nLong-Term Progestin-Only Contraceptives Result in Reduced Endometrial Blood Flow and Oxidative Stress.\nThe Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism,\nVol. 91,\nIssue. 9,\np.\n3633.\nGirling, Jane E.\nLederman, Fiona L.\nWalter, Lisa M.\nand\nRogers, Peter A. W.\n2007.\nProgesterone, But Not Estrogen, Stimulates Vessel Maturation in the Mouse Endometrium.\nEndocrinology,\nVol. 148,\nIssue. 11,\np.\n5433.\nNovella-Maestre, E.\nCarda, C.\nNoguera, I.\nRuiz-Sauri, A.\nGarcia-Velasco, J. A.\nSimon, C.\nand\nPellicer, A.\n2009.\nDopamine agonist administration causes a reduction in endometrial implants through modulation of angiogenesis in experimentally induced endometriosis.\nHuman Reproduction,\nVol. 24,\nIssue. 5,\np.\n1025.\nNovella-Maestre, Edurne\nSimón, Carlos\nGarcía-Velasco, Juan A.\nand\nPellicer, Antonio\n2011.\nHuman Assisted Reproductive Technology.\np.\n101.\nPellicer, Nuria\nGalliano, Daniela\nHerraiz, Sonia\nBagger, Yu Z\nArce, Joan-Carles\nand\nPellicer, Antonio\n2021.\nUse of dopamine agonists to target angiogenesis in women with endometriosis.\nHuman Reproduction,\nVol. 36,\nIssue. 4,\np.\n850.","source_license":"CC0","license_restricted":false}